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f hmt latiomil fi§nh 

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EDITED & PUBLISHED 

BY 

MOSES KING 






& 




Copyright. 1879. hy Moses Kino 






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KING'S 

Pocket-book of Cincinnati, 



Copyright, 187Q, by Moses King. 



A Bit of History. — Cincinnati, or 
Losanteville as the place was first named 
(l'os-ante-ville, the town opposite the 
mouth), was settled in the latter part of 
1788 or beginning of 1789 by a party 
under Israel Ludlow. The ground on 
which the city stands was purchased by 
Matthias Denman, who associated with 
himself Robert Patterson and John Fil- 
son. The latter was killed by Indians on 
a visit to the site of the proposed settle- 
ment, and Ludlow took his place in the 
enterprise. The date of the settlement is 
involved in doubt, although Dec. 28, 1788, 
is generally celebrated as the birthday of 
the town. While no especial incident 
marks the early history of the city, the In- 
dians gave more than the usual trouble; 
and it was not until after Harmar and St. 
Clair had been successively defeated by 
them, that Wayne secured, as the result 
of a decisive victory in 1794, a peace 
which was signed at Greenville in 1795. 
The progress of the settlement, delayed 
and crippled by Indian wars until the 
peace, was rapid afterwards. The site of 
the city was well chosen, for climate, 
natural advantages, river communication, 
and was probably selected principally as 
being on the Indian trail between Detroit, 
the Great Lakes, and Lexington, Ky., 
where it crossed the Ohio River. The 
tide of Western emigration, as soon as it 
became safe, quickly peopled Cincinnati 
with a thrifty, energetic, and enterprising 
population. The growth of the city, 
though rapid, has been healthy. No 
back-set has ever seriously affected the 
onward march of the place. Neither 
epidemic, commercial disaster, fire, war, 



nor wild speculation has roughly disturbed 
her course. What advance has been made 
has been maintained, and in this fact lies 
the explanation and cause of the city's 
present position. 

The name of Cincinnati was given in 
1790, when St. Clair came to the place as 
governor of the North-west Territory. 
Cincinnati was incorporated as a city in 
1819, and from that time has been a great 
centre, and holds a high rank among 
American cities in every department of 
trade, culture, influence, and wealth. 

A single lifetime has covered the exist- 
ence of Cincinnati; for the first white 
child born in the place (William Moody, 
March 17, 1790) has just died in 1879. 

By the annexation of Columbia the 
city has obtained the right to date back 
its settlement to November, 1788, as a 
party had landed and settled there previ- 
ous to the coming of the party under 
Ludlow to Losanteville; but five years' 
annexation has not overcome the history 
of the previous eighty-five years, and 
Cincinnati still dates its existence from 
Dec. 28, 1788. —Jitlhis Dexter. 

Academies. — See Schools. 

Academy of Medicine, the Cin- 
cinnati, was established in 1857; and 
its membership at present comprises 
about 120 physicians of the regular 
school, principally alumni of the Medi- 
cal College of Ohio. In 1874 a division 
was the result of a dispute about some 
point of medical ethics, and about twenty 
members withdrew, and formed the Cin- 
cinnati Medical Society. During the 
spring, autumn, and winter months, the 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Academy holds weekly meetings, on 
Monday evenings, in the amphitheatre 
of the Ohio College of Dental Surgery. 
Membership fee, $3; annual subscrip- 
tion, $2. 

/Etna Insurance Co., of Hartford, 
Conn., is the largest and strongest 
American fire-insurance company. Its 
cash capital is $3,000,000, and its gross 
assets almost $7,000,000. It has paid 
$50,000,000 for losses. Its Western busi- 
ness, built up through the department 
located at Cincinnati, has played a most 
important part in the growth of this 
gigantic corporation. The ./Etna owns 
the building, No. 171 Vine Street, and is 
considered to some extent a local insti- 
tution. 

Aldermen and Aldermanic Dis- 
tricts. — The 25 wards of the city are 
equally divided into five aldermanic dis- 
tricts, from each of which six aldermen 
are elected to serve four years without 
compensation. The board, known also 
as the Upper House, meet regularly on 
the 2d and 4th Fridays of every month in 
the Council Chamber, City Building. 
The districts are as follows: First dis- 
trict: 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, and 7th wards; 
Second district: 5th, 6th, 8th, 9th, and 
10th wards; Third district: nth, 12th, 
23d, 24th, and 25th wards; Fourth dis- 
trict: 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, and 22d 
wards; Fifth district: 17th, 18th, 19th, 
20th, and 21st wards. The second and 
fourth districts hold their next aldermanic 
election in 1880; and the first, third, and 
fifth districts hold their next election in 
1882. The following are the names of the 
present Board of Aldermen: First dis- 
trict, Charles C. Campbell, Samuel Nie- 
man, James O'Neill, Michael Ryan, 
Oliver P. Tharp, Frank Vor Mohr; Sec- 
ond district, John H. Lawrence, Thomas 
Lee, Mathias Lichtendahl, Thomas J. 
Mulvihill, Julius Reis, James B. Wilson; 
Third district, Gabriel Dirr, Frank H. 
Falke, John Geiger, George H. Ober- 
kleine, Rudolph Rheinboldt, Byron 
Stanton; Fourth district, B. Frank Hop- 
kins, Daniel Metz, John C. Riley, Sam- 
uel H. Taft, jun., Frank A. Tucker, 
Henry Varwig; Fifth district, William 
H. Hodgson, Charles C. Jacobs, John J. 
Kelly, John Mackey, jun., M. W. Oli- 
ver, Samuel R. Smith. Julius Reis is 
president, and Charles C. Jacobs vice- 
president. 

Allemania Club, organized in 1849, 
occupies the beautiful freestone building 



erected for the club in 1879, on the north- 
west cor. of Fourth Street and Central 
Avenue. The building and its elaborate 
furnishings cost nearly $100,000. In the 
third story is the Allemania Hall, with 
sealing capacity of 500. There is a 
library of 1,500 volumes, and parlors, 
reading, billiard, card, and chess rooms, 
besides a restaurant and bar. The club, 
comprising 200 Israelites, gives during 
the year many entertainments, to which 
none but members and a few persons in- 
vited by those taking part in the enter- 
tainment are admitted. At other times 
strangers can, upon invitation of a mem- 
ber, visit the club-house. The member- 
ship fees are: initiation $25, and dues $3 
a month. Non-residents introduced by 
members are granted the privileges ot the 
club at $5 a month. 

Amazon Insurance Co., of Cincin- 
nati, has the largest amount of assets of 
any fire-insurance company organized in 
Ohio. Its cash capital is $300,000, and 
total assets $605,317. The stockholders, 
although the capital is full paid, are, 
under the laws of Ohio, individually liable 
for an additional amount equal to their 
stock. They are mostly residents of this 
State, but a number reside in Kentucky 
and Indiana. Since its organization in 
1871, the Amazon has paid losses amount- 
ing to $2,750,000. The company's office 
building is at No. 260 Vine Street. The 
president is Gazzam Gano, and the secre- 
tary is J. H. Bealtie. 

Amazon-park Subdivision is com- 
posed of 53 lots, delightfully situated in 
the north end of Clifton overlooking the 
Mill-Creek Valley, and commanding one 
of the most beautiful views in Clifton. 
The Mansion House on lot six was for- 
merly the residence of Justice John Mc- 
Lean of the U. S. Supreme Court. This 
subdivision belongs to the Amazon In- 
surance Co. Several lots have already 
been sold, on which handsome residences 
are being built. 

American Protestant Associa- 
tion, as its name implies, is composed of 
men whose principles arc opposed to the 
tenets of the Roman Catholic Church. 
It partakes largely of a political charac- 
ter, but is ostensibly a social organiza- 
tion. There are 15 lodges and encamp- 
ments in the city, with an aggregate mem- 
bership of 2,500. 

American Sunday School Union, 
organized in Philadelphia in 1S24, has 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



two prime objects, — to establish and 
maintain Sunday schools, and to publish 
and circulate moral and religious litera- 
ture. The Union is non-sectarian, ten 
different denominations being represented 
in the board of managers. It employs 
missionaries who devote their whole time 
to establishing Bible-schools throughout 
the country. George Crosby, 41 West 
Fourth Street, is their agent for Cincin- 
nati. 

American Tract Society, instituted 
in New York in 1825, has for its object 
the diffusion of "a knowledge of our Lord 
Jesus Christ as the Redeemer of sinners, 
and to promote the interests of vital god- 
liness and sound morality by the circula- 
tion of religious tracts calculated to meet 
the approbation of all evangelical Chris- 
tians." The Western Tract Society, 176 
Elm Street, represents the society in this 
city. 

Amusements. — See Bellevue 
House, Coliseum, Esher's New Palace, 
Grand Opera House, Heuck's Opera 
House, Highland House, Lookout 
Opera House, National Theatre, Pike's 
Opera House, Price's Hill, Robinson's 
Opera House, Vine-street Opera House, 
Zoological Society. 

Arbeiter Halle, No. 474 Walnut 
Street, north of Thirteenth Street, belongs 
to the Arbeiter Bund (workingmen's so- 
ciety). The building contains a large 
hall, two small halls, and eight large 
committee-rooms, besides a large bar and 
billiard-room. The association has been 
in existence 28 years, and the hall was 
erected to meet its wants. Twenty- 
seven trades-unions, benevolent associa- 
tions, and singing societies, make this 
building their place of meeting. The hall 
is sustained by receipts from rents and 
the proceeds of the bar and billiard-room. 

Arcade. — See Emery Arcade. 

Archery has established itself as a 
permanent and prominent feature of 
amusements in Cincinnati. The West- 
wood was the first club to begin shooting, 
and had been doing so for some time 
before Maurice Thompson aroused the 
country by his stirring magazine-ar- 
ticles in 1877. In July of that year was 
started the Sagiltarian Club of Walnut 
Hills, and also about the same time 
the College-hill Archery Club. These 
three clubs were organized bv adoption 
of constitutions, election of officers and 



members, and are still leading clubs. 
The College-hill Club kept lor two years 
its original members; but in 1879 a P art 
of them withdrew, and with other per- 
sons organized the Waverley Archery 
Club of College Hill. The clubs named, 
and the Ivanhoe Archery Club of East 
Walnut Hills, organized in 1878, include 
the best shots of this city and its vicinity. 
The Westwood meets every Wednesday 
afternoon on the grounds of Jas. N. Gam- 
ble at Westwood, and shoots ten rounds 
of three arrows each at a 48-inch target; 
ladies shooting at a distance of 30 yards, 
and gentlemen at 40 yards. The Col- 
lege-hill meets every Tuesday, and the 
Waverley every Wednesday afternoon, on 
the grounds of some members at College 
Hill, and shoots the regulation round. 
The Ivanhoe meets Friday afternoon on 
the grounds of members at East Walnut 
Hills. The Sagiltarian meets on Saturday, 
on its grounds, called Ashland Range, 
at Walnut Hills, and begins shooting at 
four p.m. The regular round is shot at 
same distances as those of the Westwood. 
Visitors interested in archery can easily 
get an invitation to witness the games 
through an acquaintance with a member 
of some club. There is a long list of 
other archery clubs, which are scattered 
throughout the city and its suburbs. 

Area of Cincinnati for 25 years 
previous to 1870, when the first annexa- 
tion was made, was 4,480 acres, or seven 
square miles. The territory annexed in 
1870 amounted to 8,085 acres, or 12.75 
square miles. The last annexation, in 
1873, brought in 2,695 acres, or 4.25 
square miles. Total number of acres, 
15,260; total square miles, 24. The Ohio- 
river frontage of the city, from Columbia 
on the east to Riverside on the west, is 
11 miles. 

Army, the. — The military protection 
of the city consists of five companies of 
the First Regiment Ohio National Guard, 
under command of Col. C. B. Hunt. 
The regiment is organized under the 
militia laws of the State, and is uni- 
formed in the United-States regulation 
uniform. The police-force is also drilled 
in the manual of arms. The military 
companies will average about 60 men, 
rank and file. The drilled police number 
325, making 625 available soldiers. The 
city owns a Gatling gun, bought during 
the railroad riots of 1877, which is in 
charge of the police-commissioners. 

Art. — Cincinnati is making rapid 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



strides towards becoming one of the 
American art-centres; and, although the 
public art institutions are but few, there 
are a number of valuable and extensive 
collections owned by the citizens, and the 
visitor who obtains the privilege of see- 
ing some of these collections will prob- 
ably be surprised to find so many art- 
treasures stored away in this city. Be- 
fore long there will be a great art mu- 
seum, which, when fairly opened, will 
naturally receive some portion of the 
works of art now held here. It was ow- 
ing to the realization of the necessity and 
certainty of such a museum, that the 
Women's Art Museum Association was 
incorporated in 1879 as a temporary body, 
with power to receive and hold gifts for 
an art-museum building and its contents. 
In furtherance of this object, the associa- 
tion secured a course of lectures deliv- 
ered by Sidney D. Maxwell, George 
Ward Nichols, and Charles P. Taft, and 
also held a loan exhibition, from which 
sources it derived about $3,000. It has 
already received a number of works of art, 
which are now deposited with the Safe 
Deposit Company; and has also opened 
rooms at 134 West Fourth street, where 
art-instruction is given, and specimens 
of amateur decorative art sold. Five 
gentlemen have conditionally subscribed 
$50,000 for an art-museum ; and the late 
James A. Frazer bequeathed $5,000 for 
the same purpose. It is probable that in 
the winter of 1879 the association will 
secure the rooms built for the art-depart- 
ment in Music-hall building, and will 
there hold a permanent loan exhibition. 
The dues of the members, composed of 
ladies and gentlemen, are $3 a year. 
The present rooms can be visited free at 
any time. The other art-institutions are 
the School of Design, the Ohio Mechan- 
ics' Institute, and Fry's Carving School, 
all of which are noticed in their alphabeti- 
cal places. Among the many note- 
worthy private collections are the paint- 
ings of Joseph Longworth, Henry Pro- 
oasco, George Hoadly, George K. Shoen- 
berger, Reuben R. Springer, William S. 
Groesbeck, John L. Stcttinius, L. B. 
Harrison, W. W. Scarborough, and 
Nathaniel F. Baker ; the bronzes of 
Erasmus Gest ; the engravings of Wil- 
liam Karrmann, J. Le Boutillier, S. C. 
Tatem, William Henry Davis, and 
George McLaughlin. The hall of Wil- 
liam Hooper's residence at East Walnut 
Hills has been carved throughout by 
pupils of the School of Design and Hen- 
ry L. Fry. The principal and oldest 



art-store is that of William Wiswell, No. 
70 West Fourth Street, who has been en- 
gaged in the art-business in this city for 
47 years. The other chief art-stores are 
those of P. Smith & Co., No. 56 West 
Fourth Street, and A. B. Closson, jun., 
No. 186 West Fourth Street, both having 
very pretty art-galleries. See Etching 
Club, Painters, Pottery, Sculptors. 

Astronomical Society, the Cincin- 
nati, was organized in May, 1842; and 
on the 16th of June next Prof. O. M. 
Mitchel was sent to Europe, under the 
auspices of the society, to obtain such 
information as might facilitate the build- 
ing of an observatory, and to make ar- 
rangements for the purchase of astro- 
nomical instruments. At Munich he 
contracted for an object-glass, celebrated 
throughout Europe for its clearness and 
accuracy. It was placed in the Cincin- 
nati Observatory, -and cost when mounted 
$9,500. The amount needed for this pur- 
chase, and also for the building, was 
raised by shares of $25 each, to which 
all classes of persons subscribed. The 
corner-stone of the observatory was laid 
by John Quincy Adams, Nov. 9, 1843, on 
a four-acre lot, situated on the summit of 
Mr. Adams, and donated by Nicholas 
Longworth. In 1872, the old site on 
Mt. Adams having become unsuitable by 
reason of the noise and smoke of the city, 
the Longworth heirs joined with the As- 
tronomical Society in an agreement to 
give the grounds to the city, to be sold, 
and the proceeds to be donated to the 
School of Drawing and Design ; the city 
agreeing,' on its part, to sustain an obser- 
vatory in connection with the University 
of Cincinnati. The building,, with the 
grounds, was sold in 1872 to the Passion- 
ists Fathers, and is now used as a monas- 
tery. John Kilgour gave four acres of 
land on Mt. Lookout as a site for the 
new building; and the Astronomical So- 
ciety donated all their instruments and 
reports, and became extinct. See Ob- 
servatory. 

Athletic Club, the Cincinnati, is 
an amateur association, formed by a 
number of respectable young men of 
Cincinnati to encourage all manly sports, 
and to promote physical culture. It was 
organized in 1879, an d has its headquar- 
ters at the rooms of the Cincinnati Gym- 
nasium. All members of the club are 
also members of the gymnasium. Its 
officers are Judge Nicholas Longworth, 
president; George W. Jones, jun., vice- 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



president; and Mortimer Matthews, sec- 
retary. 

Aurora Fire and Marine Insurance 
Co. of Cincinnati was incorporated 
in 1871. Its cash capital is $ioc,ooo; 
total assets, $188,192. Since its organi- 
zation it has received for premiums $077,- 
441, and has paid for losses $279,797, 
and for dividends $75,175. The com- 
pany has about 100 agencies scattered 
through six States. The office is No. 6 
West Fourth Street, where it has been 
for the past eight years. The president 
is John Straehley, and the secretary is 
F. Goule. 

Avenue, the, is the popular name 
of Spring-grove Avenue, which begins at 
Harrison Avenue opposite the northern 
terminus of McLean Avenue, and runs 
north past U. R. Stock-yards, through 
Cumminsville, past Spring Grove, Chester 
Park, and Spring Lake, to its junction 
with the Carthage Pike, — a distance of 
five miles. The roadway is 100 feet wide, 
each side being occupied by a horse-rail- 
way track as far as Cumminsville. A 
single track extends from Cumminsville 
to Spring Grove. Noble silver poplars, 
on both sides, give generous shade nearly 
the whole day; and part of the way a 
double row of trees covers • the car-track 
on either side. The grade is almost level 
the entire distance. The centre roadway, 
30 feet wide, is made of screened gravel; 
and on both sides of the roadway is a 
loam and sand track 25 feet wide. It is 
the popular evening drive, and the most 
favorable test-road around the city for 
fast horses. Toll is collected at two gates. 
The Seventh-street, John-street, and Bay- 
miller-street horse-cars connect with the 
horse-cars on the Avenue. 

Avondale is a suburb of Cincinnati, 
joining the city on the north, and lying 
east of Clifton. Its southern boundary 
is 23 miles from Fountain Square. It is 
probable that within one year two lines 
of horse-cars will reach Avondale. The 
Lebanon Turnpike passes through the 
village; and on this a line of omnibuses 
is established, which start from and return 
to the corner of Sixth and Walnut Streets 
in Cincinnati. It is one of the mosi beau- 
tiful of the suburbs, many of Cincinnati's 
wealthiest business-men having elegant 
residences therein. 

Banks, State and National. — First 
National, north-west cor. Third and Wal- 
nut; Fourth National, north-east cor. 



Third and Walnut; Merchants' National, 
75 West Third; National Lafayette and 
Bank of Commerce, 18 West Third; Sec- 
ond National, north-west cor. Court and 
Main; Third National, 65 West Third; 
Bank of Cincinnati, 31 West Third ; Com- 
mercial Bank, 132 Alain; Franklin Bank, 
14 West Third; German Banking Co., 
south-west cor. Third and Walnut; West- 
ern German Bank, north-east cor. Twelfth 
and Vine. 

Baptist Churches. — Columbia, at 
Columbia, W. F. Stevens, pastor; First, 
Court, cor. Wesley Ave., S. K.. Leavilt, 
pastor; First German, Walnut, cor. Jane, 
L. H. Donner, pastor; Mt. Auburn, Au- 
burn Ave., A. S. Hobart, pastor; Mt. 
Washington, Mt. Washington, B. F. Har- 
mon, pastor; Ninth-street, Ninth, west 
of Vine, S. W. Duncan, D.D., pastor; 
Third, Pine, near Clark, A. M.Worcester, 
pastor; Walnut Hills, Walnut Hills. 
Colored people: Avondale, Avondale, R. 
W. Scott, pastor; Calvary, Third, west 
of Elm, Thomas Webb, pastor; Cummins- 
ville, Cumminsville, P. F. Fossett, pas- 
tor; Little Zion, Plum, north of Seventh; 
Shiloh, 265 Plum; Union, Mound, north 
of Ninth, R. M. Uuling, pastor; Walnut 
Hills, Walnut Hills, J. H. Darnell, pas- 
tor; Zion, Ninth, west of Central Ave., 
S. H. Williams, pastor. 

Bar Association, the Cincinnati, 
was organized for the advancement of 
legal knowledge, and the better and more 
convenient discharge of professional 
duties connected therewith. George 
Hoadly is the president, and nearly all 
the prominent lawyers of the city are 
members. Besides having an annual 
banquet, the association meets at the 
Literary-club Rooms whenever any busi- 
ness is to be transacted. The assessment 
is $5 a year. 

Barracks, the Newport, owned by 
the United-States Government, are situ- 
ated on the point of Newport, Ky., 
where the Licking River empties into 
the Ohio. The grounds once included 
52 acres, but a part have since been 
washed away. The river-front is pro- 
tected by a wall of masonry. The per- 
manent buildings occupy the outer por- 
tions of the square. They enclose a pa- 
rade-ground, and have accommodations 
for three companies, although 600 men 
have been quartered there. At present 
it is the headquarters for the Department 
of the South. The barracks are reached 
most conveniently by the Newport Fer- 



12 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



ry, which has a landing about 300 yards 
from the main gates. 

Base Ball. — There are two profes- 
sional and innumerable amateur clubs in 
Cincinnati. The two professional clubs, 
which are both incorporated, have grounds 
of their own. The Cincinnati Base-ball 
Association holds membership in the Na- 
tional League, and has enclosed grounds 
on the Avenue, about four miles from 
Fountain Square. The M. & C. R.R. 
passes these grounds, as does the Cum- 
minsville horse-railway on the Avenue. 
The other professional club, the Star 
Base-ball Association, has enclosed 
grounds at the foot of Bank Street, which 
can be reached by the Seventh-street, 

iohn-streel, and Sixth-street lines of 
orse-cars. 

Baths, Public. — There is one public 
swimming-bath in the city, moored in the 
summer in the Ohio River at the foot of 
Broadway. It consists of a boat 200 by 
50 feet, with 86 dressing-rooms. A cur- 
rent of water 45 feet in depth constantly 
passes through it. There is a swimming- 
school attached; the basin being 20 feet 
square, and the water from 25 to 32 feet 
deep. Price of a single bath, 15 cents; 
season tickets, $5. Public bath-houses 
are numerous throughout the city. Most 
of the hotels have public bathing accom- 
modations. At many of the bath-estab- 
lishments, Turkish, electric, sea-salt, and 
medicated baths are furnished. Prices 
range from 20 cents to 1.50, according to 
the kind of bath. 

Bellevue is a suburb of Newport, 
lying directly east of that city, and west 
of Dayton, Ky. It is regularly built, 
and is inhabited principally by working- 
men and men of moderate means, who do 
business in Cincinnati. It is about three 
miles from Fountain Square, and is 
reached by the Newport and Dayton line 
of street-cars, which start in Cincinnati 
from Fountain Square. 

Bellevue House, one of the famous 
hill-top resorts of the city. It is situated 
at the head of the Cincinnati and Clif- 
ton Inclined-plane Railway. The hill on 
which it stands is an almost abrupt rise 
of 300 feet above McMicken Avenue. 
Two beautiful views of the city under the 
hills can be had from the terrace, — one 
covering the Mill-creek Valley, the other 
all that portion of the city west of Mt. 
Adams and north of Fourth Street. The 
grounds attached comprise about 12 



acres, in which are an immense pavilion, 
a park, and an orchard. The esplanade, 
overlooking the city, is 500 feet long, and 
150 feet wide. This, as well as the main 
halls and the floor of the pavilion, is cov- 
ered with chairs and refreshment-tables. 
As many as 10,000 people can be accom- 
modated, and a much larger number has 
frequently been entertained in one even- 
ing. The grounds are largely used for 
picnics, balls, and private parties. The 
entire place is open at all times, and the 
admission is almost always free. Horse- 
cars, — Elm-street and Vine-street lines, 
which take passengers to the inclined 
plane. The distance is \\ miles from 
Fountain Square. 

B'nai B'rith, a mutual-benefit order 
of Israelites, has seven lodges in Cincin- 
nati, six of which meet weekly in the 
lodge-room, north-east corner of Fifth 
Street and Central Avenue. The sick 
benefits are $4 a week; the dues do 
not exceed $25 a year; death assess- 
ments, 75 cts. each. These fees cover an 
endowment insurance of $1,000, and are 
obligatory on all the members. Con- 
nected with the order, but not obligatory 
on the members, is an insurance feature 
of $2,000, payable at death to the heirs 
of the deceased. This order instituted 
the Jewish Orphan Asylum at Cleveland, 
supported by the lodges throughout Dis- 
trict No. 2, which comprises the States 
of Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. 

Board of Trade and Transporta- 
tion collects, preserves, and circulates 
information relating to the business of 
Cincinnati, especially the facts relating to 
its manufacturing interests; encourages 
wise and ntedful legislation, and opposes 
the enactment of laws likely to prove 
prejudical to the commercial and manu- 
facturing interests. It studies the work- 
ings of the system of transportation, and 
endeavors to remedy its defects and 
abuses, as well as to secure just rates 
of freight, the discontinuance of over- 
charges, and the prompt settlement of 
damages on goods shipped. It facilitates 
the adjustment of controversies between 
its members and others, and strives to 
promote the industrial interests of the 
city. Its voting membership is about 
300; the annual dues being, for firms, 
$30; for individuals, $20. Its rooms are 
No. 55 West Fourth Street, and are open 
every week-day. Visitors admitted. 

Boman's is one of the popular resorts 
in the surroundings of Cincinnati. The 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



13 



grounds comprise six acres, well im- 
proved, and provided with comfortable 
accommodations for parties visiting Avon- 
dale, Walnut Hills, and adjoining sub- 
urbs. The restaurant is conducted on 
the a la carte plan. The meals are not 
surpassed by any to be had in or around 
Cincinnati, the wines and liquors are of 
the finest brands, and the prices are those 
common to first-class city restaurants. 
The place, including the present build- 
ing, was the homestead of Gen. M. S. 
Wade, and in its day was one of the 
grand villas in Ohio. The house is now 
the residence of Lew. Boman, the pro- 
prietor of the restaurant; and several of 
the wealthy families make it their sum- 
mer home. Mr. Boman is also the 
proprietor of the restaurant opposite the 
Chamber of Commerce; and here, too, one 
can always obtain a good meal at a fair 
price. The 50-ceni dinners patronized by 
business-men are his specialty. 

Bonds of Cincinnati are regarded 
by capitalists as securities as safe as 
those offered by the bonds of any Ameri- 
can city. The first bond was issued in 
1834; and since that time the city has 
never failed to promptly pay its bonds at 
maturity, and has never issued a renewal 
bond. The following statement shows 
the security offered by a Cincinnati 
bond: assessed valuation of real estate 
and personal property for the year ending 
June 30, 1879, about $172,874,000; valu- 
ation of property owned by the city, $39,- 
432,000; amount of sinking-fund, June 
3°. $ I >333.338; cash in bank June 30, 
$207,300; total, $40,972,638: total bond- 
ed debt, June 30, $,;4,793,289; balance 
in favor of the city, $16,179,349. It may 
appear personal to mention names of in- 
dividuals in connection with these bonds; 
but, as a matter of fact, Albert Netter, 
51 West Third Street, has handled more 
of the city's bonds, and is better informed 
on matters pertaining to the bonds and 
finances of the city, than any other per- 
son. 

Books relating to Cincinnati.— 

The chief works are : Notices Concerning 
Cincinnati, 1810, by Daniel Drake; Nat- 
ural and Statistical View of Cincinnati, 
1815, by Daniel Drake; Cincinnati in 
1826, by Benjamin Drake and E. D. 
Mansfield; Tales and Sketches from the 
Queen City, 1838, by Benjamin Drake; 
Cincinnati in 1841, in 1851, and in 1859 
(three volumes), by Charles Cist; The 
Queen City, 1869, by George E. Stevens; 
Suburbs of Cincinnati, 1870, by Sidney 



D. Maxwell; Illustrated Cincinnati, 1875, 
by Daniel J. Kenny; Cincinnati Illus- 
trated, 1879, by Daniel J. Kenny. Bos- 
ton (Mass.) " Daily Advertiser," July 28, 
j 879, published a four-column review of 
the city, by Moses King. The Encyclo- 
paedia Bntannica and the American En- 
cyclopaedia have long reviews. (The 
above books and reviews can be seen at 
the rooms of the Historical and Philo- 
sophical Society.) 

Bookstores. — The principal general 
bookstores are those of Robert Clarke & 
Co., 65 West Fourth Street; Peter G. 
Thomson, 179 Vine; George E. Stevens, 
39 West Fourth; Methodist Book Con- 
cern, 190 West Fourth; J. R. Hawley, 
164 Vine; Perry & Morton, 162 Vine; 
and Alfred Warren, 219 Central Avenue. 

Bottoms, the. — That portion of the 
city, principally devoted to business, 
lying on the plateau between Third 
Street and the Ohio River, is now known 
as the " Bottom." What are known as 
Mill-creek Bottoms lie west of McLean 
Avenue, and south of Cumminsville. 
Deer-creek Bottom, now occupied by 
Eggleston Avenue, is a thing of the past. 

Eoys' Protectory, situated at Delhi, 
eight miles west of the city, is in charge 
of the Brotherhood of St. Francis. It is 
a home for the education and mainte- 
nance of orphan and other destitute boys 
between the ages of five and seventeen 
years, who are taught the rudiments of 
an education, and a useful trade. There 
are about 200 children in the institution. 
The city office is cor. of Stone and Long- 
worth Streets. 

Bradstreet Co.'s Mercantile Agen- 
cy have a branch office at 78 and 80 
West Third Street, employing more than 
30 clerks under the superintendence of 
Levi C. Goodale. Bradstreet's issues a 
" Book of Reports" quarterly, showing 
the names and standing of every firm 
and corporation in the U. S. and Canada; 
a daily sheet showing failures, dissolu- 
tions, judgments, &c, and written re- 
ports about any firm or corporation. 
Over 9,000 inquiries a month are an- 
swered at the Cincinnati office, which is 
one of the 44 main offices scattered 
throughout North America. 

Breweries. — However favorable to 
total-abstinence principles a writer may 
be, he cannot neglect to mention in a 
description of Cincinnati the breweries 



14 KING'S FOCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



and distilleries, for they constitute two of 
the most important industries of the city. 
In regard to the breweries, it can be said 
that in the year ending April i, 1879, 
there were 27 of them; having a total 
invested capital of $3,000,000, occupying 
real estate valued at $2,785,000, giving 
employment to 949 persons, and manu- 
facturing $5,287,561 worth of beer. The 
visitor, whether a total abstainer or not, 
should surely see some of the great brew- 
cries ; for in no other way can he compre- 
hend the magnitude of the business done. 

Bridges. — Three immense structures 
span the Ohio River at Cincinnati, the 
most notable of which is the suspension 
bridge connecting Cincinnati with Cov- 
ington. It is the largest single span of 
its class in the world. The Cincinnati 
approach begins at Front Street, midway 
between Walnut and Vine. Water Street 
is crossed at a height of 15 feet by a 
bridge of boiler-iron. On the south side 
of Water Street is the anchor pit; and 
300 feet farther on, at the water's edge, 
is the tower, 230 feet high, over which 
the gigantic cables pass. The towers are 
higher, and each contains more stone, 
than the Bunker-hill Monument. The 
distance between this tower and the one 
on the Kentucky shore is 1,057 f eet - The 
bridge is 36 feet wide, and contains two 
ways for pedestrians, two carriage-ways, 
and a double track for street-railroads. 
The cables contain 10,400 wires, and are 
each 123 in. in diameter, weighing nearly 
2,000,000 lbs. The total length of the 
bridge is 2,252 feet. In the centre it is 
103 feet above low-water mark. It was 
opened to travel in 1867, and cost $1,- 
800,000. The various lines of Covington 
and one line of Newport street-cars cross 
the bridge, which is five squares from the 
esplanade. Toll for foot-passengers, three 
cents. The bridge connecting Cincin- 
nati with Newport, Ky., is a mile east of 
the suspension bridge, and is 100 feet 
above low-water mark. The channel 
span is 405 feet in length. The structure 
is of wrought iron, and rests on 11 piers, 
and together with its approaches is 3,090 
feet long. It was built for the Louisville 
Short-line Railroad, but contains also two 
ways for foot-passengers, and a double 
carriage-way, in which is a street-rail- 
road track for one of the Newport lines 
of horse-cars. The Cincinnati Southern 
Railroad Bridge, connecting Cincinnati 
with Ludlow, Ky., is used exclusively 
for railway purposes. It is about a mile 
and a half west of the suspension bridge. 



With its approaches, it is over a mile in 
length. It is of wrought iron, and has 
five piers in the water, the longest span 
being 510 feet, and the shortest 300 feet. 
It is 103 feet above low water. 

Brighton is that^ portion of the city 
extending from the junction of Freeman 
Street with Central Avenue, west to Mill 
Creek. It was originally the site of the 
former stock-yards ; hence its name. The 
Brighton Flouse, a popular hotel with 
stock-raisers for many years, but now 
torn down, was at one time the favorite 
suburban resort. The encroachments of 
the city up the valley necessitated the 
removal of the stock-yards, and with their 
departure the greatness of the hotel van- 
ished. Ernst Station, also called Brighton 
Station, is within the limits of Brighton. 
The horse-car stables of the John-street, 
Baymiller-street, and Seventh-street lines 
are located here. 

Brotherhood of Locomotive En- 
gineers, organized in iS55,has branches 
throughout the United States. The Cin- 
cinnati branch has about 100 members. 
It is a secret benevolent order, and since 
its organization has distributed over 
$1,000,000 in benefits to sick and dis- 
abled members and their families. 

Bucktown, a name given to the dis- 
trict lying in the Deer-creek Bottom, 
east of Broadway. It was formerly 
wholly inhabited by negroes and the low- 
est and most depraved class of whites; 
hence its name. The march of factory 
improvement, the building of Eggleston 
Avenue, and filling-up of the old canal, 
have driven many of its old inhabitants 
to other sections; and Bucktown will 
probably in a few years exist only in 
name. 

Builders' Exchange occupies rooms 
55 West Fourth. It was organized in 1S78, 
for " the collection and dissemination cf 
statistics and information of value to any 
or all of the several trades engaged in 
the building business; the mutual im- 
provement and advancement of all arti- 
sans and tradesmen in their several avoca- 
tions connected with said business; the 
peaceable settlement of matters in dis- 
pute between contractors, sub-contractors, 
and employers; the advantages of a gen- 
eral place of meeting for the transaction 
of business; the establishment and en- 
forcement of such lawful rules and 
methods of procedure as may be deemed 
for the best interests of the association 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



■5 



and its various members; and to do any 
and all other things falling within the 
general scope of the business and pro- 
cedures of such associations." The dues 
are $10 a year. 

Building Associations, of which 
there are about 170, receive nearly $100,- 
000 a week in instalments of 25 cents, 50 
cents, and $1, on each share of stock. 
This money is loaned, at six per cent 
interest, secured by first mortgages or 
bonds, only to members. The interest is 
paid weekly, along with the instalments. 
It is decided to which members to loan 
the money by one of two systems, known 
as the "auction" and "drawing" sys- 
tems. In the " auction " the one bidding 
the highest premium has the right of ask- 
ing the first loan, the next highest bidder 
the second loan, and so on. In the 
"drawing "it is decided by lot in what 
order the loans are to be made. As a 
rule, only $400 is loaned to the holder 
of one share of stock, and by law no per- 
son can borrow more than $8,000 from 
any one association. These building 
associations enable persons of small in- 
comes to build homes, and also to derive 
a profit from their " deposits; " for when 
the societies close up, usually every six 
years, the profits are divided among the 
members, or " shareholders." 

Burial Places. — See Cemeteries. 

Burnet Residence, on the north-west 
cor. of Seventh and Elm Streets, is the 
old family mansion of the late Judge 
Jacob Burnet, who is famous among 
other things for having entertained in a 
most hospitable manner the distinguished 
visitors of his time. When the house 
was built, in 1824, it was the handsomest 
and most commodious family residence in 
the city; and the grounds comprised the 
whole square bounded by Seventh, Elm, 
Eighth, and Plum Streets. It is to-day 
one of those comfortable and roomy old- 
fashioned houses having a wide hall 
through the centre, and is occupied by a 
family keeping a few boarders. The 
grounds now comprise about one-fourth 
of the square. 

Burnet House, on the north-west 
cor. of Third and Vine Streets, has about 
300 rooms in all, and accommodations for 
600 guests. The hotel is on the Ameri- 
can plan, the terms being: $2.50 and $3 
a day. When built, in 1849, > l was one 
of the most spacious and grandest hotels 
in the world. The building, including 



the terrace, fronts 212 feet on Third Street 
and 210 feet on Vine Street. It is six 
stories high, and has a dome 42 feet in 
diameter, and 100 feet above the base- 
ment floor. In 1875 the whole interior 
was remodelled, and is now up to the 
standard required of first-class hotels. 
The perfect management, the desirable 
location, and the superior accommoda- 
tions make it one of the most attractive 
hotels in the city. The Burnet has al- 
ways enjoyed the patronage of the most 
noted personages; and among its guests 
have been James Buchanan, Abraham 
Lincoln, U. S. Grant, Rutherford B. 
Hayes, Prince of Wales, Lord Lyons, 
Duke of Newcastle, Louis Kossuth, Lewis 
Cass, John C. Breckenridge, Stephen A. 
Douglas, Salmon P. Chase, Horace Gree- 
ley, John Mitchell, Jefferson Davis, 
Gens. Sherman, Burnside, Sheridan, arid 
Thomas, Edwin Forrest, Edwin Booth, 
John E. Owens, Jenny Lind, Ristori, 
Charlotte Cushman, Cailotta and Ade- 
lina Patti, Formes, Grisi, Wachtel, Nil- 
sson, Cary, Roze, Gerster, Mary Ander- 
son, and many others. The numerous 
daily arrivals show that the Burnet is 
still a favorite hotel with the best class of 
travellers. On the Third-street side is the 
commodious and excellent Burnet-house 
Restaurant, where about 500 business 
men are accustomed to take their dinners. 
The president is J. W. Dunklee, the sec- 
retary Albert G. Corre, and the treasurer 
T. W. Zimmerman. 

Burnet-woods Park lies directly 
north of the city, and about two miles 
from Fountain Square, and contains 1635 
acres, about one-third of which is im- 
proved. The purchase was made in 1873, 
and the improvements begun in 1875. 
There is a lake of about three acres, used 
in winter for skating and in summer for 
boating. The improvements have cost 
$63,000. One of the wealthy citizens 
proposes to erect and stock, in the near 
future, a museum similar to the famous 
Kensington Museum in London, and one 
of the prominent knolls is suggested as 
the site. Free open-air concerts are given 
each week, the funds being provided by 
an endowment of $50,000 made by Wm. 
S. Groesbeck. Horse-cars, — Vine-street 
and Elm-street lines. 

Butchers' Melting Association, 
organized as a joint-stock company by 
Cincinnati butchers in 1854, and buildings 
erected at the intersection of John and 
Findlay Streets, in the region then known 



1 6 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



as Texas. The association is now in few 
hands; and the surplus fat, which was 
formerly rendered into lard and tallow 
for the butchers, is at present bought by 
the association, and, after rendering, put 
on the market for sale. Association 
wagons collect all refuse fat, bones, and 
scraps from the numerous butcher-stalls 
throughout the city. 

Caledonian Society, an association 
for the purpose of assisting destitute 
Scotchmen and their families residing in 
this country. It was instituted in 1832, 
and numbers among its members about 40 
prominent and wealthy Scots. It has a 
fund for the relief of members who may 
become needy. The officers are elected 
annually, and an annual banquet is held 
on St. Andrew's Day. 

California, a suburb on the east side 
of the Little Miami River, fronting on 
the Ohio, is in Hamilton County, eight 
miles from Fountain Square. It is a 
manufacturing place to some extent, and 
the home of a number of Cincinnati 
business-men. Population about 600. 

Camp 'Washington, now a portion 
of the twenty-fourth ward, lies between 
the site of the old Brighton House and 
Cumminsville, on both sides of the Cole- 
rain Pike. It received its name from 
having been the rendezvous of the First 
and Second Ohio Regiments at the be- 
ginning of the Mexican War in 1846, 
when it was a grove. It is now thickly 
settled, having a population of 3,000. 
The Workhouse and House of Refuge 
are here located. The Avenue horse-cars 
traverse its entire length. 

Canals. — The Miami & Erie Canal, 
begun about 1820, and popularly termed 
the " Rhine," traverses the city in a 
south-easterly direction from Cummins- 
ville to the Little Miami R.R. Depot, 
where it empties through an under- 
ground tunnel into the Ohio River. 
From Canal Street and Sycamore Street 
to the river, it has been converted into 
an immense sewer, known as Eggleston- 
avenue Sewer. Through the city proper 
it runs south from McMicken Avenue on 
Pium Street to Canal Street, which should 
properly be called Eleventh Street. A 
right angle is here made, and an easterly 
direction is taken to Sycamore Street, 
where the canal is lost in the sewer. The 
portion of the city north-east of this 
angle is settled by Germans, and is the 
district popularly known as " Over the 



Rhine." The Whitewater Canal was 
abandoned 16 years ago; and the rails of 
the I. C. & L. R.R. now occupy its bed, 
and the Central Avenue freight-depot is 
on its basin. 

Carthage, a suburban village about 
eight miles from Fountain Square, on the 
C. H. & D. and the Dayton Short-line 
Railroads, contains many elegant private 
residences, and has a population of about 
1,500 persons, most of whom do business 
in the city. It is approached by private 
conveyance by way of Spring-grove 
Avenue and the Carthage Pike. Long- 
view Lunatic Asylum and the city and 
county infirmaries are on the outskirts of 
the village, and the Colored Lunatic 
Asylum is within a short distance of it. 

Carthage Pike. — Leaving Fountain 
Square, the traveller passes northward 
on Vine Street to Hammond Street, in 
Corryville, which is the beginning of 
the Carthage Pike proper. Continuing 
northward, he passes Burnet-woods Park, 
Clifton, the Zoological Gardens, through 
Mt. St. Bernard, on to the junction with 
Spring-grove Avenue, a distance of five 
miles. Continuing, he passes Longview 
Asylum and the Colored Lunatic Asylum 
before Carthage is reached, a distance of 
eight miles. North of Carthage he passes 
the Hamilton-county Fair Grounds, the 
County Infirmary, through the beautiful 
suburb of Glendale, and on to Hamilton, 
in Butler County. It is a beautiful drive. 
The Vine-street Hill, which is over half 
a mile in length, can be avoided by tak- 
ing Spring-grove Avenue to the junction. 

Casino is a stone structure on the 
highest point of land in Eden Park. It 
is also called the Shelter House and 
Weather House. Its elevation is 420 feet 
above the level of the river; and a grand 
view of the park, the river, the city, Wal- 
nut Hills, Mt. Auburn, and Avondale 
can be had from its balconies. It is used 
as a place for rest and shelter in the park, 
and is supplied with chairs and cold water. 

Cathedral. — See St. Peter's Cathe- 
dral. 

Catholic Institute Building, on the 
north-west cor. of Longworth and Vine 
Streets, is owned by a joint-stock com- 
pany, and contains the Grand Opera 
House on the ground floor, and Mozart 
Hall in the third story, besides the rooms 
devoted to the purposes of the institute 
itself, which are the propagation of the 
dogmas of the Church of Rome. 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI 



*7 



Catholics. — This city is in the arch- 
diocese of Cincinnati, comprising all that 
part of Ohio south of 40 41'. The first 
bishop of this diocese was the Rt. Rev. 
Edward Fenwick, consecrated in 1822; 
after whom came the Most Rev. J. B. 
Purcell as bishop in 1833, and archbishop 
in 1850. It is claimed, that, of the popu- 
lation of Cincinnati, 100,000 are Catholics. 
They own 39 churches, besides a number 
of convents, five academies for girls, two 
colleges for young men, and about a dozen 
chapels. There are 36 parochial schools, 
attended by 19,000 children. The follow- 
ing is a list of their churches and chap- 
els: All Saints, cor. of High and Court; 
Church of the Atonement, Third Street, 
near Central Avenue; Church of Blessed 
Sacrament, Walker-Mill Road; Church 
of the Holy Cross and Passionist Noviti- 
ate for English Catholics, Mt. Adams; 
Church of the Presentation, W. Walnut 
Hills; Good Samaritan Hospital, chapel 
of, Baum Street; Holy Angels, Torrcnce 
Road; Holy Trinity, Fifth, between 
Smith and Park (German) ; Immaculate 
Conception, Passionist Fathers, Mt. 
Adams ; Ladies of Sacred Heart, chapel 
of, Clifton; Little Sisters of the Poor, 
chapel of, Montgomery Road; Orphan 
Asylum, chapel of, Cumminsville; Our 
Lady of Victories, Delhi; Protectory for 
Boys, chapel of, Delhi; Sacred Heart, 
Camp Washington; St. Agnes (Good 
Shepherd) Convent, Bank Street; St. 
Ann's, New Street (colored) ; St. An- 
thony's, Budd Street, near Harriet; St. 
Augustine's, Bank Street, between Bay- 
miller and Freeman; St. Bonaventura's, 
Fairmount; St. Boniface's, Cummins- 
ville; St. Charles Borromeo's, Carthage, 
St. Edward's, Clark Street, between John 
and Cutter; St. Francis, north-west cor. 
of Viae and Liberty; St. Francis de Sales, 
E. Walnut Hills; St. Francis Xavier's, 
Sycamore Street, between Sixth and Sev- 
enth; St. George's, Corryville; St. John's, 
cor. Green and Bremen (German) ; St. 
Joseph's, cor. Linn and Laurel (German) ; 
St. Lawrence's, Warsaw Pike, 21st ward; 
St. Louis', Eighth and Walnut (German) ; 
St. Mary's, Thirteenth Street, between 
Main and Walnut (German) ; St. Mary's 
Academy, chapel of, south-west cor. of 
Court and Mound; St. Mary's Hospi- 
tal, chapel of, Betts Street; St. Michael's, 
Sedamsville ; St. Patrick's, Third Street, 
between Park and Mill; St. Patrick's, 
Cumminsville; St. Paul's, south-east cor. 
of Pendleton and Abigail (German) ; 
St. Peter's Cathedral, Eighth and Plum 
Streets; Sts. Peter and Paul's, Reading; 



St. Philomena's, Congress Street (Ger- 
man) ; St. Rosa's, E. Front, near Tor- 
rence Road (German) ; St. Stanislaus, 
cor. of Cutter and Liberty (Polish); St. 
Thomas's, Sycamore, between Fifth and 
Sixth: St. Vincent de Paul's, Sedams- 
ville; Sisters of Charity, chapel of, Cedar 
Grove; Sisters of Mercy, chapel of, 
Fourth Street, between Central Avenue 
and John Street; Sisters of Notre Dame, 
chapel of, Sixth Street, between Syca- 
more and Broadway; Sisters of St. Clare, 
chapel of, Third Street. 

Catholic Religious Orders. — 
Brothers cf the Holy Cross have charge 
of St. Joseph's College for boys, on 
Eighth Street, near Central Avenue. 
Franciscan Friars have their principal 
novitiate cor. Vine and Liberty Streets. 
The Brothers of this order have charge 
of the Boys' Protectory at Delhi. The 
Fathers have charge of St. Francis, St. 
John, St. George, and St. Bonavcnture 
churches, and also of a preparatory 
school having 60 pupils. Jesuit Fa- 
thers have charge of St. Xavier's church 
and college. Passionist Fathers, an 
order of monks founded by St. Paul of 
the Cross, occupy the building on Mt. 
Adams formerly used by the Cincinnati 
Observatory. Sisters of Charity con- 
duct one of the largest and finest young 
ladies' academies in this vicinity. It is 
situated at Cedar Grove, on the Warsaw 
Pike. They also serve as teachers in the 
parochial schools, and as nurses in the 
Good Samaritan and other hospitals, be- 
sides having charge of St. Joseph's Or- 
phan Asylum at Cumminsville. Their 
principal novitiate is at Delhi. Sisters 
0/ Mercy have a convent on Fourth 
Street, bet. Central Avenue and John 
Street. It was established in 1853. 
These sisters visit the sick and destitute, 
the jails and hospitals, and provide a 
home and instruction for poor girls. Sis- 
ters of Notre Dame have their chief 
novitiate, or " mother-house," on Sixth 
Street, bet. Sycamore Street and Broad- 
way. Besides conducting academies at 
the " mother-house," and at the cor. 
Court and Mound Streets, they teach 
pupils of the parochial schools, and also 
manage the Alt. Notre Dame Academy 
at Reading. Sisters of the Good Shep- 
herd help unfortunate girls and children 
exposed to temptation. They have a 
refuge on Bank, bet. Baymiller and Free- 
man Streets, and a girls' protectory on 
Baum Street, bet. Fifth and Sixth Streets. 
Sisters of the Poor of St. Francis, cor. 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Third and Lytic Streets, take care of the 
sick in St. Mary's and other hospitals. 
Ladies of the Sacred Heart, composed 
of highly educated ladies, give instruction 
to the children of the wealthy class. Re- 
cently they bought the handsome Ncff 
place in Clifton, and in it conduct their 
school. The Little Sisters of the Poor 
have their novitiate on the Montgomery 
Road. Their special work is the care of 
destitute old people, and they act as Good 
Samaritans whenever opportunity offers. 

Cemeteries. — Calvary Catholic, 
at East Walnut Hiils, on the Madison- 
ville Pike; has about 12 acres. City, at 
Lick Run, three miles from the city. 
Colored American, at Avondale. Ful- 
ton, at Columbia. German Catholic, on 
the Warsaw Pike, 21st ward; about 12 
acres. German Evangelical Protes- 
tant, Baltimore Pike, 24th ward. Ger- 
man Protestant, cor. of Park Avenue 
and Chestnut Street, Walnut Hills. Ger- 
man Protestant, Reading Pike, 3.5 miles 
north-east of the city. Jewish Ceme- 
tery, at Clifton. Jrtdah Torali, Re- 
formed Jews, at Lick Run. A'. K. 
Adath Israel, Polish Jews, at Lick Run. 
K. K. Sherith belongs to Jewish con- 
gregation on Lodge Street, and is situ- 
ated at Lick Run. Methodist Protes- 
tant, two miles from the city on the 
Avondale Road. About four acres; no 
further interments. Odd Fellows, in 
Spring-grove Cemetery. St. Bernard's 
Catholic comprises new and old parts 
on the Carthage Road, about three 
miles from the city. St. Joseph's Cath- 
olic comprises new and old parts, — the 
old about three miles, and the new about 
five miles, from the city. Both are near 
the Warsaw Pike, in the 21st ward, and 
together include 99 acres. St. Peter's 
Catholic, at Lick Run, on the Harrison 
Turnpike, three miles north-west of the 
city. No further interments. Spring- 
Grove. - See Spring-grove Cemetery. 
Union Baptist (colored), on the War- 
saw Turnpike, at Gazlay's Corner. Of- 
fice, 314 West Court. United Jewish 
Cemetery at East Walnut Hills, at the 
cor. Montgomery Pike and Duck-creek 
Road, comprises the " old" and " new " 
divisions, the new being well laid out in 
377 family lots, and having room for 300 
more; and the old being now reserved for 
the poor and members of the congrega- 
tions having no lots. The old part was 
opened in 1849, and the new in i860. 
The Eden-park and Walnut-hills horse- 
cars pass within a short distance. Wes- 



leyan, at Cumminsville, on the Colerain 
Pike. Office, 190 West Eourth Street. 
The cemetery belongs to the Methodists, 
and although small is well improved. It 
was opened in 1843, contains 25 acres, 
and has about 25,000 interments. Many 
pioneer preachers and laymen of the 
M . E. Church are buried here. Horse- 
cars, — the Avenue line. There are also 
several burying-grounds within the city, 
most of the bodies from which have 
been removed, but some marked graves 
remain. The old Jewish Cemetery at 
the corner of Chestnut Street and Cen- 
tral Avenue is walled in with buildings 
on Central Avenue, and a high brick 
wall on Chestnut Street; in the rear of 
Wesley Chapel, Fifth Street, between 
Broadway and Sycamore, the first bury- 
ing-ground in Cincinnati, are still some 
old graves; also on Court Street, be- 
tween Wesley Avenue and Mound Street, 
— the old Catherine-street burying- 
ground, — a few graves, surrounded by 
an iron fence, remain. 

Chamber of Commerce and Mer- 
chants' Exchange was organized to 
facilitate the settlement of disagreements 
between business-men. In 1839 its by- 
laws were adopted, and the organization 
perfected. From that time the associa- 
tion has held "a prominent place in the 
regard of business-men, and a place for 
the discussion of all leading questions of 
mercantile usages, of matters of finance, 
of laws affecting commerce, and, more 
than all, contributing to the formation of 
an elevated tone in business intercourse. 
It became, indeed, a. kind of high court in 
the adjustment of questions growing out 
of or affecting commercial transactions, 
which otherwise would have led to expen- 
sive and aggravating litigations." The 
Chamber of Commerce continues to hold 
its place as a highly respected deliberative 
body and as a court of arbitration; but 
in 1846, by the appointment of a superin- 
tendent of the Exchange, it greatly en- 
hanced its usefulness. The duty of the 
superintendent is not only to have charge 
of the rooms, but also to collect informa- 
tion relating to commerce, finances, and 
industries, that may be of general interest 
and value, and to keep a record of mer- 
cantile transactions, and prepare tables 
of imports and exports. In 1850 a char- 
ter was obtained for the association, and 
in 1866 sections 6, 7, 8, and 9 of a law 
enacted in that year by the Legislature of 
Ohio were adopted, and made part of the 
charter. There are honorary and active 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



19 



members; the former being elected for 
life, and exempt from assessments or dues, 
and only one being elected each year. 
Active members pay the following yearly 
dues, besides an initiation fee of $10: 
Individuals, $30; firms, $30 for first part- 
ner, and $15 for each additional one; 
corporations represented by at least tivo 
officers, the first paying $30, and the 
others $15 each. A business house or 
firm may have one employee at the Ex- 
change free: each additional representa- 
tive pays $15. Subscribers to the Ex- 
change, i.e., persons not entitled to or 
not desirous of membership in the Cham- 
ber of Commerce, have the privileges of 
the rooms by paying $30 a year, or $20 
for six months. Steamboats pay $15 a 
year for masters and clerks. Visitors in- 
troduced by members admitted free 
seven times in one year. The associa- 
tion has bought for $100,000 the site of 
the present post-office, but cannot get 
possession of it until the new post-office 
is completed. The rooms are No. 22 
West Fourth Street, and are open every 
day, Sundays and holidays excepted, 
from 9A.M. till 6 p.m. ; and the " Change" 
hours are from 11 30 a.m. till 1 P.M. 

Charities, the, of the city, are too 
numerous to be described in this book. 
The most important may be found briefly 
sketched under their alphabetical head- 
ings; and they comprise the Cincin- 
nati, the Good Samaritan, the St. Mary's, 
and the Jewish hospitals; the Ohio Med- 
ical, the Miami Medical, and the Homoe- 
opathic college dispensaries; the Home 
of the Friendless, the Widows' Home, 
the Old Men's Home, the Children's 
Home; the Boys' Protectory, the Relief 
Union, and the Union Bethel; the Cin- 
cinnati, the German Protestant, the Cum- 
minsville, and the Colored orphan-asy- 
lums; the Longview, and the Colored 
lunatic-asylums; the City and the Coun- 
ty infirmaries; the Women's Christian, 
the Young Men's Christian, and the 
Young Men's Hebrew associations. 

Chester Driving-Park. — On Spring- 
grove Avenue, and five miles from Foun- 
tain Square, is one of the best-appointed 
half-mile race-courses in the country. 
The spring races are devoted to trotting, 
and the autumn races to running. The 
annual premiums offered average $30,000. 
The park is the property of an associa- 
tion, and is well sustained by a large 
number of contributing members. It is 
easily reached by Spring-grove and Clif- 



ton Avenues, the latter passing through 
the delightful suburb of Clifton. The 
C. H. &D., the M. & C, and the Day- 
ton Short-line R.R.'s, pass the gates on 
either side of the park. General admis- 
sion during races, 50 cents; grand-stand 
and quarter-stretch privileges, $1. The 
Avenue horse-cars are run to the park. 

Children's Home, 192 West Ninth, 
provides temporary and permanent homes 
for neglected and homeless children, and 
secures suitable and permanent homes for 
them with Christian people in the coun- 
try. It is authorized to receive the legal 
care and control of children properly sur- 
rendered to it by parents, guardians, or 
the mayor; is supported by voluntary 
subscriptions and contributions; and pub- 
lishes " The Children's Home Record " 
monthly. The building and grounds, 
which are models of neatness and taste, 
cost $140,000. The average number of 
inmates is 100. 

Chimes. — The only chimes in the city 
are on the St. Peter's Cathedral, and con- 
sist of a set of thirteen bells donated in 
1850 by Reuben R. Springer. They 
strike the quarter-hours with four strokes 
for each quarter, and play a tune every 
third hour. The Holy Trinity Church, 
on Fifth Street, between Smith and 
Mound, has a set of three bells; but they 
can scarcely be called chimes. 

Christ Church, the oldest Episcopal 
society in Cincinnati, came into existence 
May 1 8, 181 7, in the parlor of Dr. David 
Drake, on East Third Street. Two war 
dens and five vestrymen were then elected, 
among whom was William H. Harrison, 
afterwards president of the United States. 
At first the small congregation of 15 or 
20 met in a room of a cotton-factory in 
Lodge Alley, close by the Tyler-David- 
son Fountain. From there they moved 
to the cor. of Fourth and Main Streets, 
and occupied a frame building belonging 
to the First Presbyterian Church. In 
1818 they procured the use of a Baptist 
church on West Sixth Street, which after- 
wards was bought by the society. Christ 
Church was incorporated May 17, 1821, 
under the legal title of "The Epi 
Society of Christ Church, Cincinnati." 
In 1833 a lot on the north side of Fourth 
Street, bet. Sycamore and Broadway, 100 
feet front by 133 feet deep, was bought at 
$90 per front foot; afhd in June, 1835, 
services were held in the new edifice, 
which is the same the society now occu- 
pies. This church is indissolubly linked 



20 AGING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



with much of the history of the Prot- 
estant-Episcopal Church in Ohio, and 
has always been the strongest of the 
strong families in the diocesan confedera- 
tion. I. N. Stanger is the rector. 

Churches. — Although Cincinnati is 
not regarded as a church-going city, still 
it supports 106 Protestant, 48 Roman- 
Catholic, 6 Jewish, and several miscel- 
laneous congregations. The Protestant 
churches are less encumbered with debts 
than those of any other large city. 17 of 
the 23 Protestant denominations are 
wholly out of debt for their churches, 
while the debt of all the Protestant 
churches amounts to less than $115,000. 
The Protestant churches have a total 
membership of about 21,000, a Sunday- 
school attendance of about 25,000, and 
property valued at nearly $3,500,000. 
See Catholics, and see Jews. The various 
denominations of Protestants are referred 
to in their alphabetical places. There 
are, however, a few odd and unsectarian 
congregations, such as the following, with 
names of pastors when ascertained : Be- 
rean Baptist, 200 Vine Street; Bible 
Chapel, Longwoith, bet. Central Avenue 
and John Street ; Methodist Protestant 
Chapel, George Street, bet. Cutter and 
Linn, C. S. Evans pastor; Union Bethel, 
31 Public Landing, Thomas Lee pastor; 
United Presbyterian, Sixth, bet. Race 
and Elm, W. H. French pastor; Welsh 
Presbyterian, College Street, M. A. Ellis 
pastor. 

Church Region is a name given to 
the district in the vicinity of St. Peter's 
Cathedral, there being no less than ten 
churches within a radius of one square 
from the Cathedral 

Church of our Saviour, Protestant 
Episcopal, is a pretty little stone church 
on Evans Street, near Auburn Street, 
Mt. Auburn, which cost $12,000, and 
was first occupied in 1877. The rector is 
Dudley W. Rhodes. 

Cincinnati College was established 
in 1819; and a Lancaster school, organ- 
ized in 1815, was merged into it. About 
$40,000 had been subscribed for the 
foundation of a college and the erection 
of a college-building; but, by reason of 
bank-troubles, much of that subscription 
was never paid. Although part of the 
building was completed, and the college 
opened, yet in 1826 instruction was sus- 
pended for want of funds. It was re- 
opened in 1836, and continued for two 



years, when it was again closed, and 
remained so until 1841. The building 
was burned in 1845, and shortly after- 
wards rebuilt, largely by aid of the Young 
Men's Mercantile' Library Association, 
which, in consideration of its aid, holds a 
perpetual grant of its rooms on the sec- 
ond floor of the building. In 1869, after 
the building was again damaged by fire, 
it was remodelled into its present shape. 
The college holds a very liberal charter, 
containing a restriction only against the 
teaching of denominational theology. 
The government is vested in a board of 
trustees elected yeaily by the sharehold- 
ers. The capital is $125,000, in shares 
of $25 each, for which certificates were 
issued; but, as the stock was of merely 
nominal value, it is now difficult to learn 
who are the stockholders. The value of 
the property is about $200,000. The in- 
come is about $10,000, and is used chiefly 
to support the Cincinnati Law School 
and its library. The building is popu- 
larly known as the College Building, and 
is described elsewhere. The president is 
Bishop Thomas A. Jagger, and the secre- 
tary A. H. McGuffey. 

Cincinnati Gymnasium is one of 
the largest and best equipped in this 
country, and for many years there were 
none to compare with it. The main hall 
is 120 by 45 feet, and 35 feet high. There 
are reading and chess rooms, health-lifts, 
17 hot and cold water baths, &c. The 
society, which was organized in 1853, has 
700 members, each paying $10 a year. 
The president is E. P. Bradstreet, and 
the superintendent Ed. W. Murphy. The 
rooms are at 102 West Fourth Street, 
and are open from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. daily, 
except Sundays. Visitors admitted. 

Cincinnati Hospital, the, is one of 
the largest, most convenient, attractive, 
and best-managed hospitals in the coun- 
try. The building and grounds occupy 
two entire squares, extending from Twelfth 
to Ann Streets, bet. Plum Street and 
Central Avenue. There are eight build- 
ings, three stories in height, entirely 
separate from each other, yet connected 
by open passage-ways, and through the 
basement. The buildings are arranged 
on each side of the square, leaving in the 
centre a large court-yard having an ele- 
gant lawn and flower-garden, with foun- 
tain and grotto. The hospital contains 
500 beds. It is a city charitable institu- 
tion, but pay-patients are received in 
separate rooms. The staff is composed 



KING'S POCKET-BOO A' OF CINCINNATI. 



21 



of sixteen physicians and seven under- 
graduate internes. The latter are given 
these positions after a competitive exam- 
ination. In the large amphitheatre, capa- 
ble of seating 400 persons, daily clinical 
lectures from September to March are 
given, which all medical students are 
allowed to attend on payment of five 
dollars per session. There is a fine med- 
ical library of 4,000 volumes connected 
with the hospital, open to the medical 
profession free of charge. Strangers and 
friends of pay-patients admitted at any 
time, and friends of charity-patients on 
Thursdays. 

Cincinnati Insurance Co. of Cin- 
cinnati held its semi-centennial anniver- 
sary in April, 1879, and is to-day the 
oldest joint-stock general fire and ma- 
rine insurance company organized west 
of the Allegheny Mountains. At the 
semi-centennial the late Robert Buchan- 
an, who had been one of the first direct- 
ors, was present: and in the office of the 
company, No. 81 West Third Street, 
hangs an original copy of the Cincinnati 
" Commercial Daily Advertiser," con- 
taining the official announcement that 
the requisite amount of stock had been 
subscribed, and therefore the company 
was ready for business. The Cincinnati 
Insurance Co. has had a remarkable 
career of prosperity. For 50 years its 
dividends averaged 13 %; in some years 
reaching 32 %, and for the past year 10 
%. The total premiums received have 
been $3,045,635, out of which $1,628,400 
have been paid for losses. The president, 
Jacob Burnet, jun., has held the office 
for the past eight years; and the secre- 
tary, Charles Stewart, jun., is the succes- 
sor of William H. Calvert, who had been 
secretary for eleven years. 

Cincinnati Stove -Works, the, one 
of the largest establishments of its kind 
in the United States, is situated on East 
Front Street, and occupies the whole 
square from Lawrence to Pike Street, a 
distance of more than 400 feet. It is an 
incorporation under the laws of Ohio, of 
which Theo. Cook is president, T. Z, 
Riley secretary, and W. G. Semple 
superintendent. When in full operation, 
employment is given to more than 300 
hands, producing daily about 100 stoves 
complete and ready for shipment. The 
offices, sample. rooms, moulding and fin- 
ishing rooms, are all in the mammoth 
building mentioned above, and are well 
Worth a visit from persons interested in 



this branch of manufactures. The pro- 
ductions are sold chiefly in the Western 

and Southern Stales. 

Cincinnati University. — See Uni- 
versity of Cincinnati. 

Cisterns and Fire - Plugs. — 289 

public cisterns, each having a capacity of 
500 barrels, are scattered throughout the 
city. They offer an advantage of supply- 
ing water as fast as the steam fire-engines 
can use it, and also of providing a supply 
wholly independent of the water-works. 
There are 753 fire-plugs for the engines; 
and the water-pressure on some is so 
great that water, without the aid of an 
engine, can be thrown 150 feet high. 

Citizens' Insurance Co. of Cincin- 
nati was chartered in 1851, under the 
name of the Clermont County Fire, Ma- 
rine, and Life Ins. Co., and was re-or- 
ganized in 1858 under the present name. 
Its aggregate premium receipts exceed 
$900,000, out of which about $450,000 
has been paid for losses. Prior to 1875 
the company declared dividends out of 
its net earnings to the amount of $71,731, 
which was credited on the unpaid capital 
stock. Since 1875 the cash dividends will 
average over 7% a year. The cash capi- 
tal is now $100,000, and the gross assets 
$126,734.50. The president is Lewis 
Glenn, elected in 1875; and the secretary 
is John B. Abernathy, elected in 1867. 
The office is at No. 79 West Third 
Street. 

City Building, so called, contains all 
the offices of the city government, with 
the exception of that of the fire-commis- 
sioners. It is located in the centre of the 
square bounded by Eighth, Ninth, and 
Plum Streets, and Central Avenue. The 
Council Chamber occupies the central por- 
tion of the second story. The police- 
court room is on the first floor, at the 
north end. The north basement is used 
as a station-house, or place of temporary 
confinement, and the south basement as 
a repair-shop for the fire and water-works 
department. The building is six squares 
north-west of Fountain Square. 

City-Building Park is a small plat 
of ground improved and ornamented with 
a neat fountain, situated in front of the 
City Building. 

City Infirmary is an institution in 
which the city's aged and infirm paupers 
are cared for. The buildings, which are 
extensive and commodious, are on the 



22 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Infirmary farm, a quarter-section of land 
belonging to the city, west of the Car- 
thage Pike, and in the vicinity of Car- 
thage, about eight miles from Fountain 
Square. The Infirmary is under control 
of the board of police-commissioners, and 
is separate and distinct from the County 
Infirmary, which is in the same neighbor- 
hood. The farm is operated by the in- 
mates, and produces a portion of the pro- 
visions used by them. The inmates also 
make most of their own clothing. The 
net cost of maintaining the Infirmary is 
about $35,000 a year. There are now 
about 565 inmates. The nearest railroad 
station is Hartwell, which can be reached 
by the C. H. & D., and Dayton Short- 
line roads. 

City Officers. — The names of the 
city officers now holding office, who were 
elected by the people at the general city 
elections, are: Mayor, Charles Jacob, 
jun. ; city solicitor, Philip H. Kumler; 
city treasurer, Henry Knorr; police- 
judge, Moses F. Wilson; police-commis- 
sioner, J. H. Setchell; clerk police-court, 
Samuel Smiley, jun. ; prosecuting attor- 
ney police-court, John P. Murphy. All 
the other city officers are appointees, 
either by the governor of Ohio, the 
courts, or the mayor. The several 
boards appoint their own subordinate 
officers. 

City Physicians. —Of these there 
are 25, each physician supplying a dis- 
trict corresponding with the number of 
the wards. Their duty is to visit the 
sick who are unable to employ a physi- 
cian or pay for medicine. The latter 
is furnished by a druggist in each ward, 
appointed by the health-department, at 
contract rates, on the prescription of the 
district physicians. The physicians re- 
ceive for their services $20 per month 
each. The number of indigent sick 
treated will average 8,000 yearly, and 
the number of visits made yearly will 
aggregate 50,000. The city physicians 
are also detailed for quarantine service 
when necessary, for which they receive 
extra pay. 

Clearing-House Association, the 
Cincinnati, organized in 1866, to relieve 
the banks of the necessity of sending 
messengers from one bank to another to 
collect and pay drafts and checks. Now- 
adays 17 banks and bankers send their 
"messengers" and "settling-clerks" at 
two o'clock p.m. to the third story of the 
building No. 70 West Third Street, and 



there in a few minutes, without danger of 
loss, transact the whole business that 
would otherwise require several hours 
and considerable risk. After the clerks 
hand to the manager the amounts due 
them by other banks, he settles with them 
by his checks on " debit banks," as those 
are called which have brought in a less 
amount of checks against other banks 
than were brought in against them. The 
clearings will average about $2,000,000 
a day, and the balances about $200,000. 
The initiation fee is $50, and the dues 
$20 a year. Any deficit for expenses is 
made by a pro rata assessment on the 
amount of clearings for the year. James 
Espy is president, and G. P. Griffith vice- 
president. George P. Bassett, the man- 
ager, has held the same position ever since 
the clearing-house was organized. 

Clifton, north of Cincinnati and the 
Burnet-woods Park, a most beautiful sub- 
urb, and an almost continuous landscape 
garden, was incorporated as a town in 
the year 1849. It derived its name from 
the Clifton Farm, comprises about 1,200 
acres of land beautifully diversified with 
hill and dale, and has a population some- 
what exceeding 1,000 persons. In its 
precincts there is neither shop, factory, 
nor saloon. It has over 17 miles of ave- 
nues, lined with fine shade-trees, 2,000 of 
which were planted in the years 1877 and 
1878; and this planting is to be continued 
from year to year. The Town Hall is a 
handsome brick structure, surmounted 
by a tower with clock. This building 
contains the public offices and the school- 
room. The school, though a public one, 
is known as the Resor Academy, and 
was established originally through the 
enterprise of the late Wm. Resor, one of 
the earliest residents of Clifton and al- 
ways identified with its interests. The 
main hall of the building is elegantly 
frescoed in the Pompeian style, and hung 
with choice photographs from works of 
the old masters and the modern painters, 
the gift of the mayor, Henry Probasco. 
The Ladies of the Sacred Heart have 
also a school for girls in a large stone 
mansion, with spacious and beautiful 
grounds, purchased at a cost of $160,000. 
Among the noted residences may be men- 
tioned those of Geo. K. Shoenberger, 
Henry Probasco, R. B. Bowler, Richard 
Smith, E. J. Miller, O. J. Wilson, Geo. 
W. McAlpin, Thos. Sherlock, Isaac Jor- 
dan, Theo. Cook, I. B. Resor, and Wm. 
Resor. The grounds of the latter are 
probably the best known in Clifton, being 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



2 3 



in a high state of cultivation, and con- 
taining greenhouses tilled with rare tropi- 
cal plants and a collection of curious 
orchitis. The residence of Mr. Probas- 
co is a grand structure of blue limestone 
in the Anglo-Norman style. The interior 
is in unison with the exterior, and is tilled 
with many of the choicest paintings, stat- 
uary, rare volumes, illuminated manu- 
scripts, and other art and literary treas- 
ures. The owner is noted for his hospi- 
tality, and all travellers who visit Clifton 
find a welcome at his mansion. It is to 
Mr. Trobasco that Cincinnati is indebted 
for the Tyler-Davidson Fountain, noticed 
in its proper place. Numerous handsome 
cottages, with attractive grounds, are 
scattered throughout the town, among 
them those of Mrs. James B uglier and 
A. W. Whelpley. Calvary Episcopal 
Church is the only edifice for public wor- 
ship. It is a neatly designed stone build- 
ing, having a memorial tower. The out- 
side is covered with ivy, and presents a 
beautiful picture. The interior is well 
furnished, and handsomely frescoed, and 
decorated with Scripture mottoes. All 
persons have the privilege of quietly 
driving through the private grounds. 
The most direct route for vehicles is 
through Vine Street, Clifton Avenue, and 
Burnet-woods Park. Persons wishing to 
walk through Clifton can reach it by 
the Vine-street or Elm-street line of horse- 
cars connecting with the Cincinnati and 
Clifton Inclined Plane and the horse- 
cars. Ask for ticket to Clifton ; fare, 
10 cents. The Dayton Short-line and 
Marietta and Cincinnati R.R.'s pass the 
northern boundary of Clifton. 

Climate. — The climate of the city 
and surrounding country is similar to 
that of other localities of the same lati- 
tude and altitude in the Mississippi Val- 
ley. Meteorological data for the year 
1878 are given later in this book. The 
thermometer within the past six years 
has been as high as 103 degrees above 
(July, 1874), and as low as 10 degrees 
below zero (January, 1879) • There has 
been little variation in general tempera- 
ture and rainfall during the last decade. 
The prevailing winds are from the south- 
west. The north-west wind is short-lived, 
the forerunner of storms in summer, and 
the cause of cold in winter. The east 
and north-east winds have less moisture 
and more elasticity than similar winds 
east of the Allegheny Mountains. 

Clothing Warehouse of James 
Y\ "ilde, jun., Sl Co., on the south-east cor. 



of Fourth and Vine Streets, is one of those 
establishments in which any city can take 
pride. The firm, James Wilde, jun., & 
Co., was founded in 1S48, and ever since 
that time has, in its houses at New York, 
Cincinnati, and Chicago, sustained a 
reputation unexcelled by any house in the 
country for first-class work and honor- 
able dealing. The business of the firm 
has grown to vast proportions, and is 
spread over the whole country. It 
consists in manufacturing fine clothing 
for men, boys, and children. In fact, in 
clothing for boys and children the house 
leads all other manufacturers in the 
United States: and in this city there is 
no establishment carrying so large a 
stock in this line as James Wilde, jun., 
& Co. The manager of the Cincinnati 
branch is A. D. Wildman, who has been 
connected with the firm for 17 years. 

Colerain Pike, a continuation of Cen- 
tral Avenue. At the junction of Central 
Avenue with Denman Street, the site of 
the old Brighton House, it takes a north- 
erly direction, passing through Camp 
Washington, by the Workhouse and 
House of Refuge, through Cumminsville 
and Mt. Pleasant, on to Colerain town- 
ship, from which it received its name. 
Continuing, it passes through Venice and 
Oxford, in Butler County, where it is 
known as the Cincinnati Pike. The road 
is well macadamized. 

Coliseum, the, a variety theatre, situ- 
ated on the west side of Vine Stieet, bet. 
Twelfth and Thirteenth Streets, in what 
was formerly known as Loewen Garden. 
The building, which is of frame, running 
back to Bremen Street, is one of the 
" Over-the-Rhine " theatres, where beer 
and cigars are the chief support of the 
enterprise. Prices of admission range 
from 10 to 25 cents. Seating capacity 
about 1,000. The Vine-street line of 
horse-cars, passes the door. The main 
entrance is on Vine Street. 

College Building, situated on the east 
side of Walnut Street, bet. Fourth and 
Fifth, is owned by the Cincinnati College. 
It contains a public hall known as College 
Hall, used for lectures and public meet- 
ings of all kinds; and also the rooms of 
the Young Men's Mercantile Library, of 
the Cincinnati Law School, of the His- 
torical and Philosophical Society, of the 
School of Design, besides offices, stores, 
and private schools. 

College Hill, one of the most attrac- 
tive suburbs of Cincinnati, is inhabited 



24 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



mostly by business men of the wealthier 
class. Farmers' College, and also the 
Sanitarium, are located here. The dis- 
tance from Fountain Square is about 
eight miles. By private conveyance it is 
reached by the Avenue or Colerain Pike 
to Cumminsville, thence by the College- 
hill Pike, a beautiful road. A narrow- 
gauge railroad connects College Hill with 
the C. H. & 1). R.R. at Winton Place, 
adjoining Spring-grove Cemetery. Rail- 
way passengers can get on the cars at 
the C. H. & U. depot, cor. of Fifth and 
Hoadly Streets, at Ernst Station, and at 
Cumminsville. 

College of Medicine and Surgery, 
the Cincinnati, on the north side of 
George Street, bet. John and Smith 
Streets, is a college of the regular school 
of medicine. Has two sessions a year, 
winter and spring. The winter session 
begins in October, continuing until 
March; the spring session opening in 
March, and closing in May. Fees for 
the course of lectures, $75; matricula- 
tion, 5; demonstrator's and hospital tick- 
et, $10; graduation, $25. Prof. D. D. 
Bramble is dean of the faculty. 

College of Music of Cincinnati 
was incorporated in 1878. It has a capi- 
tal of $50,000, and its stockholders are 
among the most influential men of the 
city: they support this important un- 
dertaking from purely artistic and public 
motives. The board of directors arc: 
George Ward Nichols, president; Peter 
Rudolph Neff, treasurer; J. Burnet, jun., 
secretary; John Shillito, and Reuben R. 
Springer. The musical director is Theo- 
dore Thomas; and the faculty comprises 
some 35 professors, who teach in every 
department of the art and science of 
music, including the voice, theory, elocu- 
tion, languages, and all instruments, not 
excepting those of the orchestra. Many 
of the professors in the college stand at 
the head of their specialty, both here and 
abroad. The generous plan upon which 
the college is founded permits classifica- 
tion and subdivision of instruction, which 
insure economy in the cost of tuition and 
good musical results. The college has 
already had in this, its first year, re- 
markable success. It has taught nearly 
600 pupils, and has trained the nucleus 
of a full orchestra of 50 men; and during 
the season 1878-79 it gave 12 symphony 
concerts, 12 public rehearsals, and 12 
chamber concerts. As a part of the in- 
struction of the college, and in order to 
produce choral works, there is a choir 



numbering at the present time over 250 
men and women. The college is held in 
the Music-hall building. The fall term 
begins Oct. 14. Further information can 
be obtained by application to Peter Ru- 
dolph Neff, treasurer. 

College of Pharmacy, the Cincin- 
nati, south-west cor. Fifth and John 
Streets. Organized 1870, and one of 
the ten recognized colleges of pharmacy 
in the United States. The annual course 
of instruction consists of six lectures a 
week, from the first Wednesday in Octo- 
ber to the second Wednesday in March. 
There is also laboratory instruction three 
afternoons each week during same period. 
Fees, matriculation, $5; professors' tick- 
ets, $30; and graduation, $10. 

Colored Orphan Asylum provides 
an asylum for the protection, care, and 
education of destitute colored orphan 
children. The society was incorporated 
in 1845, and occupied an old house on 
Ninth Street for twenty years, until it 
bought four acres of land in Avondale, 
back of " Boman's," where the asylum 
still remains. Besides orphans, the soci- 
ety takes care, for a small consideration, 
of children who cannot be kept at home 
by their parents. When the children 
become sufficiently strong, they aie 
apprenticed to responsible parties until 
they come to their majority. There are 
at present 31 inmates of the asylum, but 
the number at times is much greater. 
Charles Olmstead is the superintendent. 

Columbia, a village recently annexed 
to Cincinnati, and forming a part of the 
First Ward, is the extreme eastern limit 
of the city, and is at the mouth of the 
Little Miami River. The pioneer settlors 
of Cincinnati made their first settlemer: 
there, in 1788. It is easiest reached by 
the Little Miami R.R., but is connected 
with the Eim-street horse-cars at Sports- 
man's Hall by a dummy track. Distance 
from the Esplanade, five miles. 

Commerce. — Cincinnati has from an 
early period occupied an important posi- 
tion as one of the great commercial cities 
of the interior. For the year ending 
Sept. 1, 1878, the approximate value of 
all imports was $223,237,157, and of all 
exports $186,209,646. 

Commercial Insurance Co. of Cin- 
cinnati is one of the oldest and most 
successful of the local insurance com- 
panies. It was organized in 1838, with a 
capital of $100,000. The gross assets are 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



2 5 



$215,776, making the surplus greater 
than the capital itself. The dividends 
paid will average more than 13 per cent. 
The president, J. A. Townley, has been 
connected with this company for nearly 
25 years, first as secretary, and since 1875 
as president, succeeding M. L. Harbeson, 
who resigned his position after a service 
of 17 years. J. Wilson Johnston has 
been secretary since 1875. Office, 67 
West Third Street. 

Common Council, the. — The legis- 
lative branch of the city government is 
composed of a board of aldermen and a 
board of councilmen. It is presided over 
by the president of the board of alder- 
men, and in his absence by the president 
of the board of councilmen. It has no 
regular time of meeting, but can be con- 
vened any time by call of three aldermen 
and five councilmen. The principal 
work of the common council or joint ses- 
sion of the boards is the confirmation of 
appointments made by the mayor, and 
the approval of official bonds of city 
officers. Its meetings are held in the 
Council Chamber, City Buildings. 

Congregationalists. — Columbia 
Church, founded in 1867, situated at 
Columbia; membership, 123; D. Fisk 
Harris, pastor. Lawrence-street Chunch, 
known also as the " Welsh Congrega- 
tional Church," founded in 1840, west 
side of Lawrence Street, bet. Third and 
Fourth; membership, 125; Griffith Grif- 
fiths, pastor. Seventh-street Church, 
founded in 1847, Seventh Street bet. 
Plain Street and Central Avenue. It 
was formed by 37 persons, who in 1843 
were at their own request dismissed from 
the Second Presbyterian Church, and 
organized as the George-street Presby- 
terian Church. In 1845 it entered the 
basement of its present edifice, and then 
took the name of the Seventh-street 
Presbyterian Church. The corner-stone 
was laid July 16, 1845, by Rev. Lyman 
Beecher, D.D.; and the church was dedi- 
cated May 10, 1849, ar, d has ever since 
been occupied by the same congregation. 
In iS(6 action was first taken on the 
changing of the church discipline; and 
in the following year a re-organization, 
under the name of the First Orthodox 
Congregational Church, took place; but 
later the name was changed to the 
Seventh-street Congregational Church. 
The membership is about 250, and the 
pastor Frank S. Fitch. Storrs Church, 
founded in 1S72, cor. of River and Mt. 



Hope Roads, in the 21st ward; mem- 
bership, 62; pastor, Horace Bushnell. 
Vine-street Church, founded in 1846, 
Vine Street, near Ninth. The building 
is a fine structure, well situated, and 
unencumbered with debts. 267 members. 
The pastor is Charles H. Daniels. 

Consuls of Foreign Countries. — 
Belgium, P. H. Hartmann, 53 West 
Second Street; Denmark, P. H. Hart- 
mann, 53 West Second; France, Virgil 
Gilmore, no West Fourth; German Em- 
pire, Dr. Ottmar von Mold (consul for 
the States of Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, 
and West Virginia ; secretary, G. G. 
Wolfram, 260 Vine); Great Britain, R. 
Knight, 1 West Main; Italy, Dr. R. W. 
Saunders, north-west corner Fourth and 
Elm; Netherlands, P. H. Hartmann, 53 
West Second ; Norway, P. H. Hart- 
mann, 53 West Second; Sweden, P. H. 
Hartmann, 53 West Second; Switzerland, 
Jaques Ritchie, 65 East Pearl. 

Control, Board of. — The duties of 
this board are to supervise the work of 
the county commissioners. It is com- 
posed of five members elected by the 
people. They serve without compensa- 
tion. The present members are, Win, 
Dunn, president; Alex. Brown, Silas V. 
Hayes, Adam Geis, and E. K.Turpin. 

Corryville. — That portion of the 12th 
Ward from the top of Vine-street Hill to 
the Zoological Gardens, bet. Mt. Auburn 
and Burnet-woods Park. 

Cotton is one of the staple articles 
for which Cincinnati is rapidly becoming 
a great market. The value of the cotton 
crop of the United States is nearly $250,- 
000,000, of which this city receives about 
$12,000,000; and a good portion of the 
latter sum is expended here for merchan- 
dise of all kinds.- There is no doubt that 
the receipts at this market will greatly 
increase as soon as the Southern Railroad 
is completed; for Cincinnati is on the line 
dividing the North and South, and is 
conveniently situated between the pro- 
ducers and the consumers. Moreover, 
the banks have the capital, and desire to 
encourage this trade; and the Cincinnati 
people, realizing its great importance, do 
every thing possiLle to satisfy both ship- 
pers and buyers. The aggregate receipts 
for the year ending Sept. 1, 1879, were 
about 250,000 bales; an increase over the 
preceding year of nearly 66,000 bales. 
The most prominent house in the cot- 
ton-trade is J. H. Goodhart S: Co., estab- 



26 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



lished in i860, whose office and large Carthage. It is supported by taxation 
warehouse is at Nos. 65 and 67 West upon the real and personal property in 
Front Street. the county, outside of the city. 



Cotton Exchange, the Cincinnati, 
was established in 1871, to further the 
interests of the cotton-trade, to establish 
uniform rules and usages, to adjust con- 
troversies between buyers and sellers, 
and to secure co-operation in all measures 
thought advantageous to the cotton-trade. 
The room occupied is one of the Chamber 
of Commerce rooms; all members of the 
Cotton Exchange being also members of 
the Chamber of Commerce. The dues are 
$5 a year, in addition to the dues of the 
Chamber of Commerce. The president 
is George Seeman of J. H. Goodhart & 
Co. 

Councilmen, Board of. — The lower 
house of the Common Council holds reg- 
ular meetings on the first and third Fri- 
days of every month in the Council 
Chamber, City Buildings. It consists of 
two members from each of the 25 wards, 
one being elected by the voters of the ward 
each year at the spring election. Benj. 
Eggleston is president, and L. L. Sadler 
vice-president. Following are the names 
of the present members: 1st ward, George 
N. Stone, J. G. Stowe; 2d, Benjamin 
Eggleston, M. F. Thompson; 3d, Charles 
Doll, Austin E. Carr; 4th, John Heenan, 
P. T. Gleason; 5th, J. H. Drahmann, 
Philip Carrigan; 6th, James W. Fitz- 
gerald, Daniel J. Dalton; 7th, Leo Coh- 
nen, Julius Engelke; 8th, P. H. Duffy, 
A. F. Clarke; 9th, Benjamin H. Cox, 
John W. Legner; 10th, Michael Gramp, 
Bernhard Kuril; nth, Jacob Doll, John J. 
Abbihl; 12th, David Schorr, Medard 
Fels; 13th, A. Birnbryer, Christian 
Schwier; 14th, Frederick Strubbe, W. 
H. Schrader; 15th, Lewis L. Sadler, 
Morris Bauer; 16th, Joseph Hand. Wil- 
liam E. DeCourcy; 17th, A. Q. Ross, 
Lewis Voight; 18th, William S. Hudson, 
George B. Cox; 19th, P. H. Maley, Wil- 
liam Stacey; 20th, J. Mahoney,'\V. X. 
Forbis; 21st, Harmon Teepen, Hugh 
Shiels; 22d, J. M. Ray, Thomas Q. 
Hildebrant; 23d, Albert Goettle, H. 
Wiethoff ; 24th, John B. Morris, Thomas 
J. Stephens; 25th, Armand de Serisy, 
J. C. firuckman. 

County Infirmary, the, on high 
ground north-east of Carthage. The 
buildings are new and commodious. The 
paupers of. Hamilton County, outside suburbs, is 4 
the city, are there cared for. It can be 
reached only by private conveyance from 



County Jail, the, on Sycamore 
Street, between North and South Court 
Streets, east of the Court House, is in 
charge of the sheriff of Hamilton Coun- 
ty. It is a massive stone structure. All 
of the inside work, the cells, &c, are 
made of boiler-iron. 

Court House of Hamilton County 
is on Main Street, at the eastern termi- 
nus of Court Street. The structure is 
200 feet square, and four stories high. 
Besides the common pleas, district, su- 
perior, and probate court rooms, it con- 
tains the offices of all the county officers, 
to wit: nine judges, the prosecuting at- 
torney, clerks of the courts, auditor, treas- 
urer, sheriff, coroner, commissioners, so- 
licitor, board of control, board of equaliza- 
tion, fee-commissioners, recorder, and the 
Law Library containing about 15,000 vol- 
umes. Notwithstanding all these, the im- 
mense building is not all occupied, sev- 
eral offices on Main Street and some back 
rooms remaining empty. 

Courts. — See Law-Courts. 

Covington is on the south bank of the 
Ohio River, opposite Cincinnati, and con- 
nected with it by the Suspension Bridge. 
It is, next to Louisville, the largest city in 
Kentucky, but it is practically a suburb 
of Cincinnati. It comprises 1,350 acres, 
and has 32,000 inhabitants. The princi- 
pal building is the U. S. Court House 
and Post Office, completed in 1879 at a 
cost of nearly $300,000. It is in the 
Gothic style, and handsomely built of 
Indiana limestone with Buena Vista sand- 
stone trimmings. In its construction, 
materials from fifteen States, and five 
kinds of marble, were used. The Odd 
Fellows' Hall is a good building. There 
are one high, four district, and twelve 
Catholic schools and convents, and also 
20 churches, classified as follows: 4 
Baptist, 2 Christian, 1 Episcopal, 1 Ger- 
man Protestant, 1 German Reformed, 
8 Methodist Episcopal, 2 Presbyterian, 
and 10 Catholic. The public library has 
5,000 volumes. There are four newspa- 
pers. Four lines of horse-cars traverse 
the city, and all stop at Fountain Square, 
Cincinnati. 

Cumminsville, formerly one of the 

iles from Fountain 

Square, but now within the limits of the 

city, and constitutes its 25th ward. Its 



AVNG'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



27 



name comes from one of the pioneer set- 
tlers, who cultivated the ground on which 
the village stands. The Catholic Orphan 
Asylum is located here, as well as several 
large distilleries. Three steam-railroads 
pass through it, — the Dayton Short-line, 
C. H. & D., and M. & C. Spring-grove 
Avenue and the Colerain Pike also bisect 
it. The Avenue line of horse-cars passes 
through Cumminsville to Spring-grove 
Cemetery. 

Custom House, the U. S., is on the 

south-west cor. of Fourth and Vine 
Streets. The building belongs to the 
United-States Government, and contains 
the custom-house, post-office, assistant 
treasurer's office, and United-States 
courts. It is built of Buena Vista free- 
stone, in the Roman-Corinthian style. It 
is much too small to supply the growing 
need:-; of the city; and the government 
has now in course of erection a building 
into which all the departments and courts 
above mentioned will be removed as soon 
as it is completed. See Government 
Building. 

Cuvier Club, organized in 1874 for 
the protection of game and fish and for 
social purposes, has a very fine collection 
of 3,000 preserved specimens of birds 
and fish. Its rooms, at 200 West Fourth 
Street, are commodious, and, besides the 
large display-room, include a small li- 
brary and reading-room. There are about 
400 members, each paying $10 a year. 
Ladies and children can see the collec- 
tions every day from 9 to 1 o'clock, free. 
Visitors at other limes are to be intro- 
duced by members. 

Dayton, Ky., a suburb of Newport, 
opposite that part of Cincinnati known 
as Pendleton, is largely inhabited by per- 
sons doing business in the city. It is 
regularly laid out, the houses being for the 
most part small and neat. Population 
about 1,000. Distance from Fountain 
Square by the usually travelled route, 
three miles. It can be reached by horse- 
car from the Esplanade. 

Deaf Mutes, the School for, is in 
the Second Intermediate School building, 
on Ninth Street, bet. Main and Walnut 
Streets. The school was established in 
1875, and was started with ta pupils. At 
the last session 32 pupils were in attend- 
ance, requiting the services of two teach- 
ers. The method of instruction is by 
sign-language and the manual alphabet. 
Until recently it was supported wholly 



by the city, but in 1879 the State made 
an appropriation toward its support. 

Deer Creek, although almost lost to 
sight by being turned into Eggleston- 
avenue Sewer, is yet a stream, especially 
after a heavy rain. Its source is in the 
ravines of Mt. Auburn, about three miles 
from its mouth. For the distance of a 
mile or more the old creek has been trans- 
formed into a sewer, and empties into the 
Ohio immediately east of the Little 
Miami Depot. 

Delhi, a suburb on the river, about 
nine miles west from Fountain Square, is 
inhabited by persons doing business in 
the city, and by farmers from the sur- 
rounding country. There are many ele- 
gant private residences, churches, schools, 
and other public buildings. Population, 
about 2,000. The village can be reached 
by river, the Lower-river Road, and the 
Warsaw Pike. 

Dental College. — See Ohio College 
of Dental Surgery. 

Depots of Stecm-railroads. — 

There are six depots into which all inward 
trains enter. Below is a list of them, the 
names being those by which they are 
most generally known: — 

C. H. & D. depot, cor. of Fifth and 
Hoadly Streets, reached by the Third- 
street and by the Baymiller-street lines 
of horse-cars. Kentucky Central depot, 
cor. of Eighth and Washington Streets, 
Covington, Ky., reached by Covington 
lines of horse-cars. Little Miami depot, 
cor. of Front and Kilgour Streets, reached 
by the Elm-street line of horse-cars. 
Ohio & Mississippi depot, cor. of Fn nt 
and Mill Streets, reached by the Third- 
street line of horse-cars. Plum-street 
depct, cor. of Plum and Pearl Streets, 
reached by Third»street line of horse- 
cars. Southern Railroad depot, cor. 
McLean Avenue and Gest Street, 
reached by Eighth-street line of horse- 
cars. 

The following is the list of railroads 
entering Cincinnati, and the depots into 
which they enter: — 

Atlantic and Great Western, C. H. & 
D. depot ; Baltimore & Ohio, Plum-street ; 
Bee Line (C. C. C. & I.), C. H. & D.; 
C. C. C. & I. (Bee Line), C. H. & D.; 
Cincinnati & Eastern (Batavia N.G.), 
Little Miami; Cincinnati & Muskingum 
Valley, Little Miami; Cincinnati & Ports- 
mouth, Little Miami; Cincinnati & West- 
wood (N. G.), C. H. & D.; Cincinnati, 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Hamilton, & Dayton, C. H. & D. ; Cincin- 
nati, Hamilton, & Indianapolis, C. H. & 
D. ; Cincinnati, Richmond, & Chicago, 
C. H. & D.; Cincinnati Southern, South- 
ern Railroad; Cleveland, Mt. Vernon, & 
Columbus, Little Miami; College Hill 
(N. G.), C. H. & D.; Dayton Short- 
line, C. H. & D.; Fort Wayne, Mun- 
cie, & Cincinnati, Plum Street; Grand 
Rapids & Indiana, C. H. & D.; Indian- 
apolis, Cincinnati, & Lafayette, Plum 
Street; Kentucky Central, Kentucky 
Central; Little Miami (Pan-handle), 
Little Miami; Louisville Short-line, 
Little Miami; Marietta & Cincinnati, 
Plum Street; Ohio & Mississippi, Ohio 
& Mississippi; Pittsburg, Cincinnati, & 
St. Louis, Little Miami; Whitewater 
Valley, Plum Street. 

Dexter Hall. — See Music-hall and 
Exposition Building. 

Dispensaries. — See Miami Medical 
College Dispensary, Ohio Medical Col- 
lege Dispensary, Homoeopathic Free Dis- 
pensary, Women's Dispensary Associa- 
tion, City Physicians, and Ohio College 
of Dental Surgery. 

Distilleries, as well as the breweries, 
are among the most interesting objects in 
Cincinnati. The amount of distilled and 
rectified liquors manufactured in 1878 in 
this city reached 17,890,766 gallons, val- 
ued at the almost incomprehensible sum 
of $18,528,415. Engaged in the business, 
there are 85 distilleries and rectifying- 
houses, with an invested capital of $4,- 
180,000, giving employment to 900 hands, 
and paying last year a revenue tax of 
$7,793,625.80. The largest of these dis- 
tilleries, and second largest in the world, 
is that of James W. Gaff & Co., situated 
in the lower end of the city, bet. the 
tracks of the Ohio & Mississippi, the In- 
dianapolis, Cincinnati, & Lafayette, the 
Marietta & Cincinnati, the Dayton Short- 
line, and the Cincinnati, Hamilton, & 
Dayton R.R.'s, and about 100 feet from 
the Ohio River. The area of the distil- 
lery property, including the stock-pens 
and adjuncts, is 16 acres; and it has a 
frontage of 500 feet. The distillery has 
a capacity of 16,000 gallons a day, the 
pens for 4,000 head of cattle and 10,000 
head of hogs; and the four-story bonded 
warehouse has storage-room for 30,000 
barrels. When running at the full capa- 
city, the distillery employs nearly 100 
hands. At 876 West Sixth Street is the 
large rectifying-house, where the same 
firm rectify and compound every grade 



of liquors. Visitors will be admitted, 
but oniy upon permits obtained at the 
office of J. W. Gaff & Co., room 22, 
Pike's Opera House. 

Drives. — The beautiful suburbs and 
excellent macadamized roads which 
abound both within and without the city 
limits, east, west, and north in Ohio, and 
southwardly in Kentucky, make it emi- 
nently delightful for recreation by car- 
riage or horseback. Perhaps the finest 
drive in the city, where only one can be 
taken, is that which leads via Hunt 
Street, through Avondale, past the Zoo- 
logical Gardens, through the Burnet- 
woods Park and Clifton, to Spring-grove 
Cemetery, returning by Spring-grove 
Avenue, through Cumminsville, to Foun- 
tain Square. This drive will occupy 
about three hours, and is replete with 
magnificent scenery and elegant private 
residences throughout its whole course. 
To those so inclined, a drive through 
Spring-grove Cemetery, which is reached 
by the Avenue, is very attractive. This 
drive maybe continued on to College Hill, 
and a return made by way of Clifton, 
Avondale, Walnut Hills, and Mt. Auburn, 
returning to the city by Sycamore Street. 
Another beautiful drive is by the Harri- 
son Pike, through Fairmount, to Cheviot 
and Westwood. The Price's-hill drive is 
also delightful. The top of the hill is 
reached by way of Eighth or Gest Streets, 
thence west to Warsaw through a re- 
markably picturesque region, returning by 
the Lick-Run Pike, through the villages 
of Lick Run and Fairmount. There is a 
beautiful drive through Eden Park, via 
Gilbert Avenue. Continued, this drive 
will lead through East Walnut Hills and 
Woodburn; and a return can be made 
through Mt. Auburn. The Carthage 
Pike leads through Mt. St. Bernard, past 
Longview Asylum to Carthage; and a 
return can be made by Chester Driving 
Park, Spring-grove Cemetery, and Cum- 
minsville, by the Avenue. The finest 
drive in Kentucky is by the Lexington 
Pike to Latonia Springs, five miles south 
of Covington. These are only a few of 
the many drives, and either will well 
repay its cost to citizen or stranger. 
Carriage-hire varies in price, the average 
price being $1.50 per hour for a hack 
carrying four persons; but the stranger 
would do well to make his bargain before- 
hand, to avoid imposition and trouble. 
The principal hack-stand is at the Cus- 
tom House, one square from the Espla- 
nade, on Vine Street. The livery-stables 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



29 



charge for buggies $4 a day, but on 
Sundays and holidays $5. 

Druids, a mutual-benefit secret order, 
paying weekly benefits to its sick mem- 
bers. There are about 500 members in 
the city. Their assemblies are called 
" groves." Their principal hall is at No. 
36 West Court Street, where four of the 
six Cincinnati groves hold their meetings 
semi-monthly. 

Duhme & Co.'s jewelry establish- 
ment is one of the mercantile places in 
the city where anybody can profitably 
spend hours in seeing elaborate and cost- 
ly works of art. Bronzes, statuary, gold 
and silver goods, precious stones, and 
ornaments, displaying the most exquisite 
skill and ingenuity, are here to be seen 
in an endless variety. The firm of 
Duhme & Co., now consisting of Herman 
Duhme and R. H. Galbreath, was estab- 
lished in 1836, and are to-day probably 
the most extensive manufacturers and 
dealers in their line in the West, and 
surely one of the most trustworthy estab- 
lishments in the United States. Their 
stores are on the south-west cor. of 
Fourth and Walnut Streets. 

Dun's Mercantile Agency has 
been established in this city over 30 
years, and has occupied its present 
office, 47, 49, and 51 West Third Street, 
22 years. In all this time the Agency 
has had only four managers; J. A. Scar- 
lett, the present manager, having filled 
that position for the past 10 years. The 
agency employs 45 men in this district 
of 115 counties, and has 84 branch offices 
throughout the United States, Canada, 
and Europe. There are upwards of 1,000 
subscribers in this city and vicinity. 

Eagle Insurance Co. of Cincinnati 
began in 1850, under a perpetual charter, 
to do a fire and marine business. The 
paid-up capital is $100,000; and the 
assets July 1, 1879, amounted to $171,- 
524. Since i860 its cash dividends have 
amounted to $171,000; an average of 
9% a year. The office of the company is 
73 West Third Street. Henry Kessler 
was one of the incorporators, and has 
been president of the company for 17 
consecutive years; and Samuel P. Post 
has been secretary since 1865. The 
directors are Henry Kessler, J. M. Miller, 
William Wood, M. J. Townley, David 
Baker, John K. Green, and Samuel P. 
Poet. 

East-End Garden, situated on the 



river-bank, at the eastern extremity of 
Pendleton, near the depot of the Columbia 
and Mt. Lookout dummy R.R., contains 
about 12 acres of ground, divided by 
gravelled walks into lawns, flower-beds, 
poplar-groves, and an orchard. It has 
been known by several different names. 
The public house attached was for many 
years called Sportsman's Hall, and the 
garden had the same name. Later it was 
Ohmer's Garden, n;:med after its proprie- 
tor, who convertea it into a miniature 
zoological garden. For several years 
past it has been known as the East- 
End Garden. It was for many years a 
favorite place for picnics and pleasure- 
parties, for which purposes it is still fre- 
quently used. It is now known as 
Woodland Park. 

Eclectic Medical Institute, organ- 
ized in 1843, and chartered in 1845, nas 
its building on the north-west cor. of 
Plum and Court Streets. The course of 
medical instruction is on the eclectic plan. 
Students have the privilege of attending 
clinics at the Cincinnati Hospital on pay- 
ment of $5. 

Eden Park, the largest of the city 
parks, contains 206 acres, all improved 
except 25 acres. In the park are located 
the large reservoirs of the water-works. 
The Eden-park and Walnut-hills line of 
horse-cars run through the park, and 
afford a pleasant ride and a number of 
the finest views of the surrounding coun- 
try. In the Shelter House is a well- 
appointed restaurant, where the sale of 
intoxicating liquors is prohibited. Eden 
Park was first improved in 1872, and has 
already cost $450,000. It is situated a 
mile east of Fountain Square, and is 
reached both by the Gilbert-avenue route 
of horse-cars, and the Mt. Adams and 
Eden-park Inclined Plane, with its con- 
nections. Open at all times, free. 

Education, the Board of, has ex- 
clusive control of the public schools, and 
is composed of two members from each 
of the 25 wards of the city. It meets 
every alternate Monday night in the 
Council Chamber, City Buildings. Dr. 
W. H. Mussey is president, and B. O. M. 
De Beck, clerk. The office of the board 
is in the Public Library Building. Fol- 
lowing are the names of the present 
members: First Ward, C. C. Archer, H. 
Garlick; Second Ward, Charles Bird, 
Wm. H. Mussey, M.D.: Third Ward, 
Louis Massman, jun., J. H. Rendigs; 
Fourth Ward, Wm. J. O. Neil, Daniel 



3° 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Finn; Fifth Ward, Sam'l Bailey, jun., 
Thomas McLaughlin; Sixth Ward, John 
Hurley, John Frey; Seventh Ward, 
Frederick Raine, Win. Kuhn; Eighth 
Ward, Thos. McFeely, M.D., Henry J. 
Berens; Ninth Ward, W. B. Davis, 
M.D., W. H. Falls, M.D.; Tenth Ward, 
R. Bingmann, Geo. A. Bauer; Eleventh 
Ward, Theo. Horstmann, L. C. Frintz; 
Twelfth Ward, Vincent Hess, Herman 
Eckel; Thirteenth Ward, Henry Brock- 
mann, Geo. Kreh; Fourteenth Ward, 
Chas. H. Stephens, Henry Bohling; 
Fifteenth Ward, J. W. Underhill, M.D., 
J. A. Remley; Sixteenth Ward, J. B. 
Callahan, Henry Alf; Seventeenth Ward, 
Isaac Simon, C. G. Jenner; Eighteenth 
Ward, G. C. Wilson, James Brown; 
Nineteenth Ward, F. Puttmann, Thomas 
F. Shay; Twentieth Ward, Jas. M. Ryan, 
I. H. Marrow; Twenty-first Ward, J. 
Fischer, W. B. Morrow; Twenty-second 
Ward, Thos. Davies, John Rothan; 
Twenty-third Ward, H. R. Landmeier, 
H. Behrens; Twenty-Fourth Ward, I. C. 
Wiltsee, Isaac Adler; Twenty-fifth, A. M. 
Streng, C. A. Miller. 

Eighth-street Parks are simply two 
open improved squares, extending on 
Eighth Street from Vine to Elm Streets, 
and cover a site originally intended for a 
market-place. 

Elections. — Under the laws of Ohio, 
two general elections are held each year: 
one, the first Monday in April, at which 
municipal officers are chosen; the other, 
the second Tuesday in October, at which 
the officers of the county, of the State, 
and of the United States, are elected. 

Elm-street Club, the, organized by 
George Moerlein, and originally com- 
posed of brewers and men connected 
with brewing interests. Its growing in- 
fluence in politics attracted many local 
politicians of both parties to the club, 
and it is now as much a political machine 
as it is a social club. There are about 
250 members. The initiation fee is $5, 
and the dues $6 a year. The club has 
suitable rooms at 672 Elm Street. 

Emery Arcade, one of the largest in 
the world, extends from Vine to Race 
Streets, bet. Fourth and Fifth. It is a 
passage 400 feet long, protected from the 
weather by a glass roof. Along the sides 
are shops of all kinds, and the Hotel 
Emery; and at the Vine-street entrance 
is the Arcade Bookstore of Peter G. 
Thomson. 



Enterprise Fire and Marine Insur- 
ance Co. of Cincinnati has its office in 
its own building, 82 West Third Street. 
The building, in the late Norman-Gothic 
style, is one of the finest business struc- 
tures in the city, and is four stories in 
height above the basement. It contains 
22 large rooms, many of them being very 
choice offices ; and the upper floors are 
reached by two staircases and an hydrau- 
lic passenger-elevator. The Enterprise 
Insurance Co. was organized in 1865; 
and from that time the management has 
been characterized by a degree of liber- 
ality and skill that has won it friends 
everywhere. Jan. 1, 1879, tne paid-up 
capital was $300,000; the total assets, 
$412,196; the liabilities, including the 
reserve for re-insurance, $85,690; and 
the net assets, $326,506. Since its or- 
ganization the company has paid $2,341,- 
586 for losses, and $207,000 for cash divi- 
dends. The president, John W. Hart- 
well, has been in the insurance business 
in this city longer than any other person 
now engaged in it, and has been president 
of this company since 1869. The secre- 
tary is James W. McCord. 

Equalization, the Boards of, are 
for hearing complaints, and equalizing 
the valuation of all real and personal 
property; but they cannot reduce the 
value of real property below the aggre- 
gate value as returned by the assessors. 
There are seven of these boards: viz , 
The Annual County Board, having 
jurisdiction over the property in each 
county outside of cities of the first and 
second class, and composed of the 
county commissioners and county audi- 
tor. The Annual City Board, hav ing 
jurisdiction over property of cities of the 
first and second class, and composed of 
the county auditor and six citizens. This 
board meets at the auditor's office on 
the fourth Monday of May. Annual 
State Board for Batiks, composed of 
the State auditor, treasurer, and attorney- 
general, who equalize the shares of in- 
corporated banks, and meet on the third 
Tuesday of June. Annual State Board 
for Railroads, constituted as above for 
equalizing the valuation of property of 
railroad companies. Deecnuial County 
Board, composed of the county auditor, 
surveyor, and commissioners; who meet 
on the Tuesday after the first Monday of 
September, 1880, and every tenth year 
thereafter. They have power to equalize 
the valuation of property, outside of 
cities of the first and second class, as 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK' OF CINCINNATI. 



31 



returned by the district assessors. De- 
eeunial City Board, composed of the 
county auditor and six citizens, who have 
the same powers in cities of the first and 
second class as the county board have 
in their jurisdiction. Decennial State 
Board meet on the first Tuesday of 
December, 1880, and every tenth year 
thereafter, and consist of as many mem- 
bers as compose the State senate. They 
are elected by the electors of each sena- 
torial district, and have power to reduce 
or increase the value of property as re- 
turned by the county auditors, provided 
such increase or reduction shall not ex- 
ceed 122 per cent. 

Ernst Station, also called Brighton 
Station, and Fairmount, is in the 24th 
Ward, where Harrison-avenue- Bridge 
crosses Mill Creek. There is a small 
depot near the bridge. The C. H. & D., 
the M. & C, the Westwood Narrow- 
gauge, and the Dayton Short-line Roads 
all slop their accommodation-trains at 
this station. 

Esher's New Palace, No. 522 Vine 
Street, is the remodelled Shickling's 
Academy of Music. It is one of the 
cheap places of amusement, where men 
chiefly make the audience. Wine and 
beer rooms and a saloon are main features 
of the place. Admission 15, 25, and 50 
cents. Vine-street cars pass the door. 

Esplanade, the, is situated in the 
centre of Fountain Square. The Tyler- 
Davidson Fountain springs from the cen- 
tre of it. The Esplanade is a raised 
structure, 28 inches above the crown of 
the street. It is oval in form, extending 
the entire length of the square, 400 feet, 
and is 60 feet in width. The outer rim, 
and the steps approaching it, are made of 
hewn Quincy granite. The floor is made 
of Buena Vista sandstone, smooth dressed, 
and laid in diamond and circular designs. 
Within the granite rim, at distances of 20 
feet, is a row of thrifty young sycamore- 
trees. Between the trees, around the 
entire structure, are ornamented bronze 
gas posts and lamps, which are lighted 
every night. The cost of the Esplanade 
was $75,000. Unless otherwise stated, 
the distances given in this book are cal- 
culated from this point. All the horse- 
cars pass by or close to it. 

Etching Club, formed March, 1879, 
Di. Daniel S. Young, president, meets 
every second Saturday, 4 p.m., at the 
studio of H. F. Farny, Room 62, Pike's 



Opera-House Building. Dues nominal. 
Members use the press in the studio for 
taking impressions of their etched plates. 

Eureka Fire and Marine Insur- 
ance Co. of Cincinnati, 23 West Third 
Street, was organized in 1864, and since 
that time has received $1,001,378 for 
premiums, and paid $584,744 for losses. 
The paid-up capital is $100,000, and the 
assets $167,768. Since July, 1876, the 
company has paid $40,100 for dividends, 
making an average of 13^ % a year. 
The business comprises fire, cargo, and 
marine insurance. The first president 
was Daniel Collier; and his successor in 
1870 was John Kyle, who is now the pres- 
ident. The first secretary was Edward E. 
Townley, who still holds the position. 

Exposition, the Cincinnati Indus- 
trial, is an annual exhibition of arts, 
manufactures, agriculture, mining prod- 
ucts, and other industries, foreign and 
domestic. These annual expositions are 
pubiic institutions, guaranteed by sub- 
scriptions, and are in no sense a private 
speculation. They are managed by a 
board of fifteen commissioners appointed 
by the Chamber of Commerce, the Board 
of Trade, and the Ohio Mechanics' Insti- 
tute, and the officers for 1879 are Edmund 
H. Pendleton president, James H. Laws 
vice-president, John Simpkinson treas- 
urer, and H. McCollum secretary. The 
first six expositions of the present series 
were held in a building erected for the 
National Saengerfest in 1870, on the site 
of the present Music-hall and Exposi- 
tion Building. The first exposition was 
held in 1870, and followed a successful 
textile-fabric exhibition held in 1869. The 
textile-fabric exposition was originated 
and managed by James H. Laws, and 
was the first of its kind in this coun- 
try. From 1870 to 1875 inclusive, the 
expositions were held in the same build- 
ing; but in the latter year the old build- 
ing was thought unsafe, and consequently 
abandoned. At this time Reuben R. 
Springer came forward with his munificent 
plan for a combined Music-hall and Ex- 
position Building. An interval of four 
years elapsed before the completion of 
the new buildings; but delay has only 
increased the enthusiasm for their re- 
sumption, and the seventh exposition (in 
1879) will be held in the largest and most 
beautiful and suitable permanent build- 
ings of this kind in the United States. 
The average attendance on the first six 
expositions was in round numbers 



3 2 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



500,000 persons. The expositions are 
self-supporting, and are secured by a 
guaranty fund of $100,000 each year. 
There are eight acres of exhibiting space 
in the building. Very liberal premiums 
are offered in all departments open to 
competition. Special excursion-trains 
make frequent trips on the railroads en- 
tering the city, carrying passengers at 
half rates, and often at round-trip rates 
much less. The expositions open as 
nearly as possible on the 10th of Septem- 
ber each year, and last one month. Ad- 
mission, 25 cents. Elm-street cars pass 
the doors, Vine-street and John-street cars 
close by. See Music Hall. 

Express Companies. — Six lead- 
ing express companies have offices in 
the city: The Adams Express, in Pike's 
Opera-house Building, south side of 
Fourth Street, bet. Walnut and Vine; 
the Ohio & Mississippi Express, 59 
W. Fourth; the Baltimore & Ohio Ex- 
press, 59 W. Fourth; the Marietta & 
Cincinnati Express, 59 W. Fourth; the 
United-States Express, north-east corner 
of Fourth and Race Streets; and the 
American, on Fourth Street, one door 
east of the United-States. 

Fairmount, formerly a suburban vil- 
lage, but now within the corporation, 
forming a part of the 24th ward, is on 
the west bank of Mill Creek, opposite 
Ernst Station. The Harrison Pike and 
Lick-run Pike pass through the village. 
It is surrounded by high hills, on the 
summit of one of which is the old Baptist 
College, now transformed into a German 
club-house, and called the " Schiitzen- 
plalz," from which a charming view of 
the city and surrounding country in all 
directions can be had. The Westwood 
Narrow-gauge Railroad has a terminus 
here. 

Farmers' College originated in 
Pleasant-hill Academy, founded, and con- 
ducted for 12 years, by F. G. Cary, as 
a private enterprise. It was opened in 
1833, with four pupils, in the residence of 
Mr. Cary. It prospered constantly, and 
during the first 12 years almost 1,200 
young men were educated there. In the 
winter of 1846-7 the academy was incor- 
porated as the'" Farmers' College;" and 
a substantial building 120 feet front by 
48 feet deep was erected on a tract of four 
acres on College Hill. Mr. Cary was 
elected president. The institution is now 
divided into two departments, — the col- 
lege department, comprising the following 



courses: the classical of four years, the 
philosophical of four years, the scientific 
of three years, the ladies' classical of 
three years, and the teachers' course of 
one yeai ; and the preparatory depart- 
ment, fitting boys and girls for the college 
department. The college is a Protestant 
institution, but is not at all sectarian. 
There are two terms, of 20 weeks each, 
beginning Sept. 3. In the year 1878-79 
there were in the whole college 92 stu- 
dents. Rev. John B. Smith is president 
of the college, and Miss Abby A. Judson 
principal of the preparatory department. 

Farmers' Insurance Co. of Cincin- 
nati was organised in 1866, with a capital 
of $100,000. Its business is general fire 
and hull insurance. Since the change of 
secretary in 1878, the company has been 
doing a good business, and its premium 
receipts are constantly increasing. The 
president is J. F. Larkin; the secretary 
is K. F. Benndorf, who was until recent- 
ly the secretary of the German Mutual 
Ins. Co. of Covington, Ky., which com- 
pany he organized in 1874; and the as- 
sistant secretary is H. F. Finke, who has 
been connected with the Farmers' since 
1868. The office is No. 19 West Third 
Street. 

Ferries. — Since the completion of 
three bridges over the Ohio, the ferries 
have lost most of their former business. 
The usual fare for pedestrians is two cents ; 
but the ferries make half-hourly trips 
between midnight and daylight, during 
which time the fare is five cents. There 
are now four lines, as follows: Ander- 
son's Ferry, six miles down the river, and 
used principally by Kentucky farmers 
bringing their produce to market; Cov- 
ington Ferry, with its Cincinnati landing 
at the foot of Central Avenue; Ludlow 
Ferry, starting from the foot of Fifth 
Street, and landing at the eastern iimit of 
Ludlow, Ky. ; and the Newport Ferry, 
with its landing in this city at the foot of 
Pike Street. Skiffs and small craft carry- 
ing passengers at reasonable rates are 
available at all places on the river from 
Columbia to Riverside. 

Fertilizer Company, the Cincin- 
nati, has its sheds in the O. & M. and 
I. C. & L. R.R.'s, six miles west of the 
city, on the river-bank. By a contract 
with the city this company gathers and 
consumes all the garbage, offal, and dead 
animals found within the city limits. 
These are manufactured into a fertilizer, 
soap-grease, bone-dust, &c, and shipped 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 33 



to the South, East, and to Europe. The 
enterprixe is quite profitable, both to the" 
city and the Fertilizer Company. 

Fire-Department, the, of Cincin- 
nati, is acknowledged to be one of the 
best equipped and most efficient in the 
world. It was the first paid steam fire- 
department in this country, and was or- 
ganized in 1853. It consists of iS steam- 
engines, 1 hand-engine, i chemical-en- 
gine, 5 hook-and-ladder companies, all 
in use, beside 2 steam-engines in reserve, 
40 hose-reels, 34,250 feet of hose, 95 
horses, and a total of 154 men. During 
the year 1878 there were 391 alarms, with 
losses aggregating only $515,310, and in- 
surance of $388,902. It is managed by 
a board of five commissioners, appointed 
by the mayor, and confirmed by the 
Common Council. The fire-marshal is 
Joseph Bunker, who has been connected 
with the fire-department since 1854. 
The headquarters are on the south side 
of Sixth, between Vine and Race Streets. 
See Cisterns. 

Firemen's Insurance Co. of Cin- 
cinnati, incorporated in 1832, has always 
maintained a leading position among the 
local insurance companies. The corpo- 
ration was formed by a subscription of 
stock by the fire-engine companies of the 
city. The first president of the company 
was George W. Neff, who managed its 
affairs until his death in 1850. He was 
succeeded by Josiah Lawrence, at whose 
death in 1852 Henry E. Spencer, who 
had been mayor of the city four consecu- 
tive terms, from 1843 to 1851, was elected. 
Mr. Spencer is still president, and conse- 
quently has held the position for 27 
years. The terms of the three presidents 
extend over a period of 47 years. George 
McLaughlin has been secretary of the 
company since 1864. Its dividends in 
the last 25 years have averaged 18 % per 
annum; and in one year (1863) the cash 
dividends paid the stockholders amount- 
ed to 41 %. 

First Congregational (Unitarian) 
Church was incorporated in 1830. The 
society has been administered to, and has 
had its pulpit occupied at various times, 
by many distinguished persons, among 
whom were Revs. John Pierpont, Wm, 
H. Channing (during whose stay the 
congregation was spoken of as " the 
Church of the Christian Brethren"), 
James H. Perkins, Horace Mann, James 
Freeman Clarke, Henry W. Bellows, 
Theodore Parker, Ralph Waldo Emer- 



son, Abiel A. Livermore, Moncure D. 
Conway, C. G. Ames, John Weiss, Sam- 
uel Longfellow, Robert Collyer, Thomas 
Vickers, and C. W. Wendte. The soci- 
ety prospered harmoniously until 1859, 
when the preaching of Mr. Conway cre- 
ated a decided opposition to him. The 
opponents formed " the Church of the 
Redeemer," and bought the Universalist 
Church, cor. of Mound and Sixth Streets. 
The First Society worshipped in various 
places until, in Mr. Vickers's ministration, 
the church was built on the north-east 
cor. Plum and Eighth Streets, now the 
only church occupied by the Unitarians. 
In 1875 a re-union of the two congrega- 
tions took place under the present pastor, 
C. W. Wendte; and since then the build- 
ing has been modernized, and the mem- 
bership increased. The officers and trus- 
tees of the church are Judge Fayette 
Smith, president; Zeph Brown, treas- 
urer; John U. Caldwell, secretary; Theo. 
Stanwood, Michael Tempest, and M. E. 
Ingalls. 

First Presbyterian Church. — The 
history of this church runs parallel with 
that of the city, or rather is inseparably 
interwoven with it. The three pioneer 
settlers of this vicinity were all mem- 
bers of the Presbyterian Church, and, in 
laying out the plan of their future city, 
did not forget its claims. They set aside 
for its use a plat of ground occupying 
the south half of the square bounded 
by Main and Walnut and Fourth and 
Fifth Streets, on part of which the present 
church is built. Until 1793 the congrega- 
tion worshipped on this ground, " with no 
dome but the canopy of heaven, no aisles 
but the majestic trees of the ancient for- 
est, and no carpet but the greensward." 
In this year, through the exertions of 
James Kemper, their first regular minis- 
ter, a meeting-house was erected, " a sub- 
stantial frame building, about 40 feet by 
30, enclosed with clapboards, but neither 
lathed, plastered, nor ceiled. In that 
humble edifice the pioneers and their 
families assembled for public worship; 
and during the continuance of the war 
they always attended with loaded rifles 
by their side." About a quarter of a 
century after, this structure was removed, 
and a brick church built in its place ; and 
this in turn was replaced in 1851 by the 
beautiful edifice that now stands on the 
old site. It is said to have the highest 
steeple in the country, viz., 285 feet. 
Very little of the spacious grounds it 
once owned has been retained by the 



34 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



church; and little by little the land in- 
cluding the burial-ground has been sold, 
until now the church is surrounded by 
business blocks. The membership is be- 
tween 200 and 250, who have since last 
spring been without a regular pastor. 

Flower-Mission, formed by ladies 
of the city and suburbs to supply the 
sick poor with flowers sent, chiefly by 
ladies residing outside the city proper, to 
the Young Men's Christian Association 
Building, where they are arranged, and 
afterwards distributed to the patients in 
the hospitals, by ladies who meet weekly 
for this purpose. This is one of the most 
unostentatious yet useful of the many lo- 
cal charities. See St. John's P. E. Church. 

Foresters, Independent Order of, 
is an organization having weekly sick- 
benefits and an insurance feature; $1,000 
being paid to the family of a deceased 
member, and $5 per week during sick- 
ness. The lodges are called " courts," of 
which Cincinnati has seven; each having 
an average of 50 members. Annual 
dues, $3; each death assessment, $1. 

Fort Washington, a block-house and 
large enclosure of pickets, was erected 
about 1790 for the early settlers of Losante- 
ville (now Cincinnati), and dignified by 
the name of Fort Washington. It was 
intended for a protection against the sav- 
ages, and was large enough to contain 
the entire population, with provisions to 
stand a siege. It was directly opposite 
the mouth of Licking River, on high 
ground, the village then lying on the 
plateau toward the river. The fort stood, 
according to the testimony of the oldest 
inhabitants, on Third Street, bet. Broad- 
way and Ludlow Street, extending south- 
ward almost to Columbia or Second 
Street. After standing a few years it 
was dismantled, and the site soon after- 
ward covered with buildings, the ground 
having been subdivided by the govern- 
ment, and sold. 

Fountains. — See Tyler - Davidson 
Fountain. 

Fountain Square. — The square bet. 
Walnut and Vine, on Fifth Street, the 
site of the old Fifth-street Market-house, 
and the present site of the Esplanade 
and Tyler-Davidson Fountain. The 
street in this square, and the one adjoin- 
ing it on the east, which is occupied by 
the government buildings now in course 
of erection, is 60 feet wider than the 



remainder of Fifth Street, having been 
designed for, and for fifty years or more 
occupied by, a market-house, which was 
in the middle of the street. Both sides 
of the square are lined with handsome 
business-houses. Every line of horse- 
cars passes by or within one block of this 
square. Its location in the heart of the 
business portion of the city, and its gen- 
eral accessibility, have led the publisher 
to adopt it as the point from which most 
of the distances mentioned in this work 
are computed. 

Friends. — There are two churches, 
one known as the Hicksite Congregation, 
Fifth, bet. Central Avenue and John; 
and the other as the Orthodox Congrega- 
tion, Eighth and Mound. 

Fry's Carving-School is over Wm. 
Wiswell's art-store, No. 70 West Fourth 
Street. It is conducted by Henry L. 
Fry, assisted by his son William H. 
Fry, and granddaughter Laura Ann Fry. 
Some of the most exquisite wood-carv- 
ing ever executed in this country is 
that by the parties just named. The 
three generations are masters in their 
line of work; and the last generation 
promises best of all, for Miss Fry has 
already shown extraordinary skill and 
taste in wood-carving, drawing, and 
modelling. The Frys did a large part 
of the elaborate carving in Henry Pro- 
basco's residence in Clifton, and of the 
casement of the great organ in Music 
Hall. Instruction is given daily from 
10 a.m. to 4 p.m.; terms, $10 per month 
for lessons two days each week. Art- 
furniture of all kinds is also made to 
order, and many specimens of the handi- 
work of this family are to be found in 
various parts of the United States. 

Fulton, that portion of the city on the 
river-front lying south-east of Eden Park 
at the foot of the hills, commencing at 
the Little Miami R.R. depot, and extend- 
ing north-east to Pendleton. It comprises 
a portion of the 4th Ward. The Elm- 
street horse-cars and the Little Miami 
R.R. traverse the district. Fulton is 
built on both sides of East Front Street, 
which, after crossing Washington Street, 
is known as Eastern Avenue. 

Furniture Exchange, established in 
the interest of manufacturers of furniture 
throughout the United States, and of per- 
sons engaged in kindred branches of in- 
dustry. It occupies room No. 48, Pike's 
Opera-house Building. 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



35 



Garden of Eden. — This was the 
name of a portion of the ground now 
occupied by Eden Park when it was the 
property of the late Nicholas Longworth, 
and is still so called by many old residents. 
Much of the ground was formerly used 
as a vineyard, and a large proportion of 
the grapes used in the wine manufactured 
by Mr. Longworth was cultivated on its 
sunny hillsides. 

Gas. — The Cincinnati Gas-light and 
Coke Company is the name of a joint- 
stock corporation having a monopoly in 
supplying the city with illuminating gas. 
It was established in 1841; and, by con- 
tract with the city, was granted the ex- 
clusive right to lay gas-mains in the 
streets for a period of 25 years. At the 
expiration of that period the city had 
the privilege of buying the works at a 
fair valuation, but preferred to extend 
the original privileges to the company 
for 10 years, the price of gas to con- 
sumers being largely reduced by the 
terms of the extension. Gas is now fur- 
nished to citizens at from $1.75 to $2.25 
per 1,000 cubic feet. It is made of the 
best quality of second-pool Youghiogheny, 
or Pittsburg bituminous coal, and is of 
17-candle power. The office of the com- 
pany is in an elegant five-story freestone 
building, south-west cor. of Fourth and 
Plum Streets. The works are on the 
river-front, bet. Smith and Mill Streets. 
200 miles of street-mains are in use; the 
longest main extending eight miles to 
Carthage, from which a branch reservoir 
is supplied to light that village. The 
streets of the city are lighted by 6,000 
street-lamps, under control of the com- 
pany. The amount of gas manufactured 
yearly is 500,000,000 cubic feet. Of this 
135 per cent is lost by leakage and other 
waste. The invested capital of the com- 
pany is $4,250,000. Value of the works 
and appurtenances estimated at $6,000,- 
000. Gen. Andrew Hickenlooper is pres- 
ident. 

German Evangelical Protestant 
Churches. — Camp Washington, Camp 
Washington, John A. Vos, pastor; Ger- 
man Prot. Evangelical, Undercliff; St. 
Lucas, Third Street, opposite Parsons, 
P. G. Gerber, pastor; St. Martini, Rivei' 
Road, 21st Ward, E. Gunthurm, pastor; 
St. Mathias, Elm and Liberty Streets, 
J. F. Kammerer, pastor; Texas, Clark 
and Freeman Streets, G. J. Kannmacker, 
pastor; Third, Walnut, bet. Eighth and 
Ninth Streets, Carl Tuercke, pastor. 



German Evangelical Union 

Churches. — St. Paul's, Race and Fif- 
teenth Streets, Eduard Voss, pastor; St. 
Peter's, McMicken Avenue and Main 
Street, H. W. Pohlmeyer, pastor; Zion, 
Bremen and Fifteenth Streets, W. Beh- 
rendt, pastor. 

German Protestant Orphan Asy- 
lum has its building in Mt. Auburn, on 
Highland Avenue, opposite the Widows' 
Home. It was established in 1849, and 
is under control of a board of trustees 
chosen from the various German Prot- 
estant denominations, and is supported 
chiefly by an endowment-fund, contribu- 
tions, and by subscriptions from nearly 
1, coo members. The building is a red 
brick of three stories and a basement, and 
is quite commodious. The grounds con- 
tain seven acres, well cultivated. Sepa- 
rate from the main building, there is also 
a large dining-hall used every spring and 
autumn for a festival which is sometimes 
attended by 20,000 people, each of whom 
is expected to donate something. The 
receipts at one of these festivals have 
amounted to $10,000. The provisions 
used at the festivals are donated and pre- 
pared by ladies. Children having one 
parent living are admitted if the father is 
or was a member in good standing. 1'he 
average number of inmates is about 100. 
At a proper age, children are placed in 
families, or to learn a trade; and a boy 
or a girl at 18 years of age receives $100. 
There are branches of the society in Cov- 
ington and Newport. 

Cermania Fire and Marine Insur- 
ance Co. of Cincinnati was organized 
in 1864. Its cash capital is $100,000, 
and assets $139,655. Since 1870 it has 
paid cash dividends of $108,000, being an 
average of 12 % a year. The president 
is Peter A. White; the secretary is D. B. 
Meyer, who has been assistant secretary 
or secretary since its organization; and 
the assistant secretary is Charles A. 
Farnham. Office, 27 West Third Street. 
The Germania is one of the few local 
companies doing an agency business, 
and has now about 30 agencies in Ohio 
and Michigan. 

German Reformed Churches. — 
First German Reformed, Elm and Fif- 
teenth Streets, J. Bachman, pastor; Ger- 
man Evangelical Reformed, Salem, cor. 
Orchard and Sycamore Streets, J. Heck- 
mann, pastor. 

Gibson House, on the north-west cor. 
of Fourth and Walnut Streets, for many 



$6 KING'S POCKET-BOCK OF CINCINNATI. 



years has been, and is to-day, one of the 
most popular of the hotels in Cincinnati. 
In size it is the largest in the city, and 
for cleanliness in every department it 
cannot be surpassed by any in this coun- 
try. The hotel has 300 well-furnished 
rooms, and has accommodated 880 per- 
sons at one time. In 1873 the whole ex- 
terior and interior were remodelled; and 
now the Gibson House is one of the most 
imposing blocks in Cincinnati. In 1879 
the hotel was refrescoed and refitted, and 
is now in excellent condition throughout. 
It is probably the most conveniently situ- 
ated of the large hotels, and all lines of 
horse-cars pass either by or close to the 
house. The management of the hotel is 
all that could be desired; for the proprie- 
tors are Oliver H. Geffrey, who has been 
connected with the house for 25 years, 
and William Gibson, the brother and suc- 
cessor of John B. Gibson, who was Mr. 
Geffrey's former partner. The terms are 
$2.50 and $3 a day, the hotel being kept 
on the American plan. 

Globe Insurance Company of Cin- 
cinnati was organized, under the general 
insurance laws of Ohio, in 1865. The 
cash capital paid in was $52,700. Up 
to July 1, 1879, the Globe has paid 
$297,138 for fire-losses ; $194,572 for 
cargo-losses; $77,683 for hull-losses; and 
$2,778 for flat boat-cargo losses; mak- 
ing a total payment of $572,171 for losses. 
The balance of its capital stock of $100,- 
000 and its surplus of $26,944 have been 
earned by the company; and, in addition 
to this, $159,000, free of taxes, has been 
paid to the stockholders for dividends; 
making the total earnings amount to 
$214,844. S. F. Covington, the presi- 
dent, has been connected with the Globe 
since its organization, and was its first 
secretary. The present secretary is 
Robert W. Stewart. Solomon Levi and 
Samuel J. Hale have been directors of 
the company fi im the beginning. The 
Globe bought its office building, No. 68 
West Third Street, in 1865. 

Good Fe'lows, Ancient Order of. 
— There are 15 lodges of this order within 
the limits of Cincinnati and suburbs; the 
membership being mostly composed of 
Germans, or citizens of German descent. 
The lodges will average about 70 members 
each. Sick members receive benefits of 
$5 per week. 

Good Samaritan Hospital is a no- 
ble charity. The building is delightfully 
situated on the south-east cor. of Sixth 



and Lock Streets, on the Mt. Adams 
slope. It was built by the U. S. Govern- 
ment for a marine hospital, but was never 
used for that purpose During the late 
war it was a soldiers' hospital; and after 
the close of the war the property, which 
is said to have cost the government about 
$500,000, was bought by Lewis Worlh- 
ington and Joseph C. Butler for $75,000, 
and given to the Sisters of Chanty, one 
branch of the Sisters of St. Vincent de 
Paul. There are accommodations for 
175 resident patients. Diseases of all 
kinds are treated. The donors stipulated 
that one-half of the beds should be open 
to the poor if calls were made for them ; 
and now from 300 to 500 charity patients 
are cared for each year in the hospital. 
Sister Anthony, who has lived in Cincin- 
nati for 43 years, and has been connected 
with the hospital for 22 consecutive years, 
says that she feels compelled to receive 
any one who comes there, — a resident or 
stranger, with or without money, and of 
any religious belief. A number of parties 
have given $3,000 or more, with which 
sum a "free bed" is founded. It is 
hoped ultimately to make the hospital 
free; but at the present time there are 
various charges for the different kinds of 
accommodations afforded. There is a 
free dispensary connected with the hospi- 
tal. Visitors are admitted at any hour 
of the day. Horse-cars, Baymiller-street 
line. 

Government Building, the U. S., 
now in course of erection on the north 
side of Fifth Street, bet. Main and Wal- 
nut, will contain the post-office with its 
auxiliary departments, the custom-house, 
the U. S. courts, the assistant treasurer's 
office, and other government offices. It 
is a massive structure in the Renaissance 
style, of five superimposed orders, and 
built of granite from Maine and Missouri. 
Its dimensions are 354 feet by 164 feet, 
four stories and mansard roof above the 
sidewalk, and basement and sub-basement 
below. The ground cost $700,000, and 
the structure will cost over $5,000,000. 
The superintendent of the construction is 
S. Hannaford. 

Government of the City is vested in 
the mayor, common council, board of 
city commissioners, board of sinking-fund 
commissioners, board of police-commis- 
sioners, board of fire-commissioners, 
board of education, and police-court. 
All the other departments are subordinate 
to these, and these to each other. The 
mayor has lately been deprived of much 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



37 



of his power, the control of the police 
and street-cleaning departments having 
been taken from him by special legislation 
for Cincinnati. He exercises a veto 
power over the acts of the common coun- 
cil, collects peddlers', hucksters', market, 
hack, and dog licenses, and makes a few 
unimportant appointments. This is al- 
most the limit of his duty. The board of 
city commissioners have control of the 
water-works, street cleaning and repairs, 
and the parks, sewers, etc. They elect 
the civil engineer and the city auditor. 
The solicitor and treasurer are elected 
by the people. The board of police-com- 
missioners have charge of the police- 
department, the City Infirmary, " out- 
door" poor, and the health-department, 
and appoint the superintendent of police 
and the rank and file of the force, the 
health-officer and the sanitary police, the 
officers of the City Infirmary, district 
physicians, and overseers of the poor. 
The board of education has entire charge 
of the public schools and the Public 
Library. The fire-commissioners have 
exclusive control of the fire-department, 
and appoint the officers and members 
thereof.. The police-court has final juris- 
diction of all offences against the laws 
and ordinances, the punishment for which 
is not confinement in the penitentiary. 
In the latter cases it is merely an exam- 
ining court. The Cincinnati Hospital is 
managed by a board of seven trustees, 
appointed by the courts, of which board 
the mayor is ex officio a member. The 
House of Refuge is managed in the same 
manner. The workhouse is in charge of 
a board of five directors, one of whom is 
appointed each year by the mayor, and 
confirmed by the common council, to 
serve five years. The University board 
consists of eighteen members, who serve 
six years, three being elected each year. 
The common council is simply a legisla- 
tive body, and appoints none but its own 
officers. 

Grand Hotel, the Cincinnati, is 
one of the finest hotels in this country, 
and one of the grandest buildings in this 
city. It was built by a joint-stock com- 
pany, whose prime object was to provide 
Cincinnati with a hotel strictly first-class 
in every respect. The building, six sto- 
ries above the sidewalk, is of Ohio free- 
stone, and contains 300 guest-rooms. It 
fronts 175 feet on Fourth Street, and 200 
feet on Central Ave. ; but a part extends 
through to Third Street, a distance of 400 
feet. The rotundas and corridors are 



among the grandest in this country: the 
main rotunda, too feet square, is probably 
the largest in any hotel in the world. 
Throughout the building the furniture 
and appointments are of the choicest and 
most expensive kind. Every requisite 
of a first-class modern hotel is found at 
the Grand. The whole property is val- 
ued at $1,000,000. The hotel was opened 
in 1874, and has ever since been conduct- 
ed by the lessees and proprietors, Gil- 
mour & Sons, who had previously been 
the proprietors of the Eulaw and St. 
Clair Hotels at Baltimore. The Grand 
is conveniently situated, and is on the 
American plan; the terms being $3 and 
$4 a day. 

Grand Opera-House, north-west cor. 
of Longworth and Vine Streets, main 
entrance on Vine, gallery entrance on 
Longworth Street. The auditorium is 
on the ground floor: seating capacity, 
2,300. There are six proscenium boxes, 
a gallery, balcony, dress-circle, and par- 
quette. The means of egress are the 
most perfect of any theatre in the city: 
besides the regular modes of exit, there 
are six large windows on each side of the 
auditorium, reaching down to the floor, 
which can easily be pushed open out- 
ward, on the one side into Longworth 
Street, and on the other into an alley 
between the theatre and the Ohio Me- 
chanics' Institute. The Opera-House is 
devoted to opera and the drama, Robert 
E. J. Miles being the lessee and manager. 
Only first-class performances are given. 
The regular dramatic season begins in 
September, and closes in April. Admis- 
sion to dress-circle, 75 cents; parquette, 
$1.00; balcony, 50 cents; gallery, 25 
cents; reserved seats, 25 cents extra. 
The Opera-House is half a minute's walk 
from Fountain Square. 

Greenwood Hall, in the third story 
of the Ohio Mechanics' Institute build- 
ing, south-west cor. of Sixth and Vine 
Streets, and named in honor of Miles 
Greenwood, who superintended the con- 
struction of the building, and was for 
several years president of the Institute, 
is a commodious hall, with side-room con- 
veniences, and is largely used for balls, 
concerts, and travelling entertainments. 

Grocers' Exchange is an association 
of wholesale grocers, who meet at the 
call of the president to discuss matters of 
interest to the trade. Its monthly meet- 
ings are held in the rooms of the Board 



38 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



of Trade and Transportation. Dues, $25 
a year. James H. Laws is president. 

Gymnasiums. — See Cincinnati Gym- 
nasium, and see Turnverein. 

Hacks. — Stands: No. 1, on the west 
side of Broadway, bet. Front and Second 
Streets; No. 2, on the south side of Fifth, 
bet. Main and Sycamore; No. 3, on 
the east side of Walnut, bet. Gano and 
Seventh; No. 4, in the centre of Fifth, 
bet. Main and Walnut; No. 5, on the 
west side of Vine, bet. Fourth and Baker; 
No. 6, on the west side of Vine, bet. 
Third and Pearl, southwardly from Pearl 
100 feet; No. 7, on the south side of 
Sixth Street, bet. Plum and Elm Streets. 
Ordinances: Section 7. — Driver to 
exhibit Card. — The driver shall hand 
to each adult passenger in his coach, 
before a bargain for his services is made, 
a card whereon shall be printed in a clear, 
legible manner, the number of his coach, 
the name of the owner and driver, and 
the rates of fare. Sect. 8. — Rates of 
Fare. — The rates of fare for carrying a 
single passenger shall not exceed the 
following rates: where no bargain is 
made, it shall not be more than 50 cents; 
in all cases, children over ten years of 
age half-price; under that age, free. Each 
passenger may have a trunk conveyed 
without additional charge; but must pay 
for every additional trunk 25 cents, and 
for all other articles occupying a seal, 
weighing over 30 pounds, 25 cents each. 

Halls, Public. — Scattered through- 
out the city there are more than 100 
public halls used for general purposes. 
Among the most important are Green- 
wood Hall, Sixth and Vine; Hopkins 
Hall, Fourth and Elm; Melodeon Hall, 
Fourth and Walnut; College Hall, Wal- 
nut, bet. Fourth and Fifth; Apollo Hall, 
Sixth and Walnut; Eureka Hall, Ninth 
and Walnut; Geyer's Assembly Rooms, 
Court Street, bet. Main and Walnut; 
Pike's Opera-hall, Fourth, bet. Walnut 
and Vine; Mozart Hall, Vine and Long- 
worth; Women's Christian Temperance 
Union Hall, 200 Vine; V. M. C. A. Hall, 
Sixth and Elm. 

Hamilton County, of which Cincin- 
nati is the county-seat, exclusive of the 
town lots contains 213,000 acres. It has 
fifteen townships, viz., Anderson, Cincin- 
nati, Colerain, Columbia, Crosby, Delhi, 
Green, Harrison, Miami, Millcreek, Spen- 
cer, Springfield, Sycamore, Symmes, 
Whitewater. The villages in the county 



are Camp Dennison, Montgomery, Love- 
land, Reading, Sharon, Runyan, Even- 
dale, Lockland, Carthage, Wyoming, 
Scott, Harrison, Cleves, North Bend, 
Warsaw, Delhi, Cheviot, Avondale, Clif- 
ton, Ludlow Grove, Oakland, Winton 
Place, College Hill, Sharpsburg, St. Ber- 
nard, Linwood, Madisonville, Pleasant 
Ridge, Crance, Plainville, Mt. Carmel, 
Newtown, California, Mt. Washington, 
Riverside, Mt. Airy, Hartwell, Glendale, 
Home City. Hamilton County is in the 
south-west corner of Ohio, bet. the Great 
and Little Miami Rivers. In round num- 
bers there are 50,000 voters in the county, 
showing a population of over 350,000. 

Harmonic Society, founded in 1869, 
is the largest musical organization in the 
city. Its chorus numbers over 300 voices. 
It has taken great interest in the May 
musical festivals, and has formed the 
nucleus of their choruses. Besides the 
active members, it has a large number of 
contributing members. 

Harrison Pike connects with Harri- 
son Avenue at the bridge over Mill Creek, 
at Ernst Station. It passes north through 
Fairmount, winding around one of the 
high hills in gaining the summit, and 
then takes a westerly course, passing 
through a lovely country, where almost 
every sunny slope is a vineyard, to 
Cheviot, and thence west to the village of 
Harrison, from which the pike takes its 
name. The road is well macadamized, 
and furnishes one of the many delightful 
drives out of the city. 

Hartwell is an incorporated village, 
about ten miles north of Fountain 
Square. It is named after John W. 
Hartwell, who was vice-president of 
the C. H. & D. Railroad at the time 
the station was located. It is a neat 
village, with a population of about 400, 
having a Methodist church, and a graded 
school, and is the home chiefly of Cin- 
cinnati business-men. The C. C. C. & 
I., and the C. H. & D. R.R's have de- 
pots in the village. 

Harvard is a word familiarly used to 
signify Harvard College or Harvard Uni- 
versity. Although the University is situ- 
ated in Cambridge, Mass., about 1,000 
miles from Cincinnati, still, as there are 
many of its graduates and undergraduates 
here, the name Harvard has become quite 
familiar. The college has for several years 
held examinations for admission simultan- 
eously at Cambridge and Cincinnati, so 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



39 



that persons not tlesiring to go East can 
try the examinations in this city. The 
alumni have formed a club, known as the 
Harvard Club, with the purpose of retain- 
ing the community of feeling shared while 
in college, and of working unitedly when- 
ever any interest of the college is to be ad- 
vanced. There are about ioo graduates 
of the university in this city, and they 
hold many important professional and 
business positions; about a third being 
lawyers, and a fourth being physicians. 
The club gives an annual dinner. 

Hat and Fur Establishment of 
A. E. Burkhardt & Co. is one of the 
noteworthy sights in Cincinnati. It is 
not only one of the most elaborately fitted 
up business-places in this city, but also 
one of the finest establishments of its 
kind in the world, and surely the most 
costly in the United States. The build- 
ing is a massive stone structure. No. 113 
West Fourth Street, between Race and 
Vine Streets. The retail department oc- 
cupies the first floor; is 18 feet high; and 
the furniture and fixtures are of black 
walnut, ornamented with carved and 
stamped work, and inlaid with marble. 
The basement, sub-basement, and second 
floors are used for the wholesale and 
jobbing departments, and the third and 
fourth floors for manufacturing. Each of 
the six floors is 25 feet wide and 150 feet 
deep. In the rear is a five-story brick 
building, used exclusively for handling 
furs and skins and for storage. The 
business of the firm is probably the most 
extensive in its line in the United States. 
There are five distinct departments, as 
follows: the retailing of American and 
foreign hats, caps, furs, canes, umbrellas, 
robes, and kindred goods; the whole- 
saling and jobbing of the same; the direct 
importing of all goods belonging to similar 
stocks; the manufacturing of all kinds 
of furs, and the exporting of American 
fur skins. In furs the business done ex- 
ceeds that of any firm in the West, and 
in quality the stock is as fine as any in 
this country. The wholesale and jobbing 
customers of this house are scattered 
throughout the Western, Middle, and 
Southern States. One aim of the firm 
has been to introduce new and elegant 
goods; and the house is justly entitled to 
be called the " arbiter of fashions." The 
business of Burkhardt & Co. was estab- 
lished in 1863, and since that time has 
been a constant success. 

Health, Board of. —The functions 



of the old board of health are now vested 
in the board of police-commissioners. 

Health of Cincinnati, the, judged 
by the death-rate in proportion to popula- 
tion, as compared with other large cities 
where accurate records are kept, is a 
theme for congratulation. Estimating the 
population of the city at 280,000, — the 
basis on which such calculations have 
been made for a number of years past, — 
the mortality of 1878 was in the propor- 
tion of 17.23 per 1,000, or one in every 
58.05 inhabitants. This places Cincinnati 
in the foremost rank of the healthful 
populous centres of the United States. 

Hebrew Relief Association elects 
annually a board of directors, who meet 
every Sunday morning at the south-west 
cor. of Fifth Street and Central Avenue 
to give weekly pensions to the poor, espe- 
cially widows and people unfit for work, 
and also to aid transient poor from other 
cities. About $9,000 a year are donated 
for these purposes. The association is 
composed of Israelites, and A. Aub is 
president. 

Hebrew Union College, founded in 
1875 by the union of American Hebrew 
congregations, governed by a board of 
governors; B. Beitmann of Cincinnati 
being its presiding officer. It has two 
departments, — 1, preparatory; 2, colle- 
giate, — each of four years. Students in 
the preparatory must simultaneously at- 
tend the classical course of the high 
school, and those in the collegiate depart- 
ment must attend the academical course 
at the University of Cincinnati, if they 
enter for the degree of rabbi. The sub- 
jects taught are the Jewish literature, 
theology, and history, Semitic philology, 
preparing for the Jewish pulpit, and pro- 
fessorships in Semitic philology. The 
semesters open annually the first Monday 
in September and February. Tuition 
free, books free, no religious or other 
test. The first collegiate class opens 
Sept. 1, 1879, the other classes to be 
added year after year: the preparatory is 
complete. In the year 1878-9 there were 
23 regular students and 12 extra hearers. 
The sessions for regular students are hold 
daily at 4 p.m.; for students in Semitic 
languages, daily at 5 p.m. The college is 
at present in the Plum-street Temple. A 
number of students receive stipends from 
$150 to $400 a year, provided by the 
collections of Hebrew ladies' societies 
throughout the country. The president 
is the Rev. Dr. Isaac M. Wise. 



40 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Heuck's Opera-House, on the north- 
west cor. of Vine and Thirteenth Streets, 
the best of the " Over-the-Rhine " amuse- 
ments, under the management of its pro- 
prietor, after whom the building is named, 
A dramatic company is kept, and the per- 
formances are principally of the comedy 
and variety order. The seating capacity 
of the auditorium, which contains a par- 
quette, dress-circle, and gallery, is 1,500. 
There are entrances on Thirteenth Street, 
and through the beer-saloon on Vine 
Street. Beer, wine, liquors, and cigars 
are allowed; and each chair is fitted with 
a little bracket on which to rest the 
glasses. Admission ranges from 15 to 
50 cents. The Vine-street cars pass the 
door. 

Hibernia Hall, south-east cor. of 
Ninth and Plum Streets, second story. 
The A. O. U. W. Hall is on the floor 
above. It is the meeting-place of the 
various Irish societies, notably the An- 
cient Order of Hibernians and the Friend- 
ly Sons of St. Patrick. It is also rented 
for balls, assemblies, lectures, and political 
meetings. 

Hibernians, Ancient Order of, a 
mutual-benefit secret order of Irishmen, 
governed by a central division, to which 
subordinate divisions send delegates. 
The executive officers of each local divis- 
ion form the executive council of the 
central division, by which all benefits are 
dispensed. There are four local divisions 
in the city, three of which, as well as the 
central body, meet at Hibernia Hall. 

Highland House and Belvedere, 
the newest and by far the most fashion- 
able of the unique hill-top resorts, is sit- 
uated on Mt. Adams. The attractions at 
this delightful place are unsurpassed, and 
never fail to draw forth the most enthusi- 
astic admiration of visitors. The halls, 
restaurant, bowling-saloon, billiard-room, 
ladies' reception-room, and parlor are 
decorated and furnished in a costly man- 
ner. The views from all parts of the 
house and grounds, and especially from 
the esplanade, belvedere, and balconies, 
are as grand as any in this locality. 
The Ohio River, spanned by three mag- 
nificent bridges, the romantic beauty of the 
Kentucky hills, the picturesque scenery 
of the Licking valley, the charming land- 
scape of Eden Park, together with a full 
view of Cincinnati, Covington, and New- 
port, form a panorama of the grandest 
and most varied character. Connected 
with the Highland House is a ladies' lid- 



ing-school and pony-track. In the bel- 
vedere and on the grounds various enter- 
tainments take place; and on Tuesday 
and Friday evenings, until Oct. 1, the 
Theodore Thomas orchestra concerts are 
given here. At the concerts the admis- 
sion is 25 cents, but at other times free, 
unless otherwise advertised. The High- 
land-House property is owned by a stock- 
company, of which G. B. Kerper is presi- 
dent. Horse-Cars. — Sixth and Bay- 
miller Streets run direct; and on all other 
lines of the Consolidated Street R.R. Co., 
tickets to the Highland House are sold, 
and the passengers transferred at Walnut 
Street. 

Hilltops, the, a name given generally 
to the elevated ground forming the 
boundary of three sides of the city, before 
its encroachments on adjacent territory. 
They form a semicircle abou> the lower 
levels, the east and west diameter of 
which is three miles, and the north and 
south radius a mile and a half. They 
have an average elevation above the Ohio 
River of 400 feet, reaching higher at many 
points, but seldom lower than that figure. 
They are broken only by Deer Creek and 
Mill Creek on the north, and Lick Run 
on the west. They are now covered with 
elegant private residences, public institu- 
tions, and places of public resort. The 
summit is reached in all directions by the 
four inclined-plane railways. 

Historical and Philosophical So- 
ciety of Ohio, College Building. Li- 
brary of 7.500 volumes and 30,000 pam- 
phlets. Museum of historical curiosities. 
It has 83 members. Terms, $10 a year, 
$100 for life; corresponding and honor- 
ary members not charged. Meetings, 
first Saturday evening of each month. 
Open from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m., except Sun- 
days. Visitors welcome. The president 
is M. F. Force, and the secretary Julius 
Dexter. 

Home of the Friendless, an insti- 
tution having for its object the reclama- 
tion of abandoned women. It is man- 
aged by ladies connected with the various 
Protestant denominations of the city. 
The building is on the south side of Court 
Street, bet. Central Avenue and John 
Street, is four stories in height, and can 
accommodate about 150 inmates. Com- 
mitments of young and incorrigible girls, 
who are on the road to ruin, are some- 
times made from the police-court, when 
they are too old to enter the House of 
Refuge. These are kindly cared for, 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



41 



although the Home has no authority to 
detain them. An average of 500 women 
and abandoned infants find temporary 
quarters in the Home each year. 

Homoeopathic Free Dispensary, 
the Cincinnati, cor. Seventh and Mound 
Streets. All kinds of cases treated free. 
There are three departments, — the med- 
ical, the surgery and diseases of women, 
and the eye and ear. Consultation, 9 to 
11 a.m. ; dispensary open from 2 to 4 P.M. 
daily. 

Hopkins Hall, erected about ten 
years ago by L. C. Hopkins, and given 
his name. It is on the south-west cor. 
of Fourth and Elm Streets, in the second 
story. Entrance on Fourth Street. The 
main hall is capable of seating about 
eight hundred persons. Attached is a 
smaller hall, that can be used for a re- 
freshment-room or cloak-room. Hopkins 
Hall is largely used for minstrels, poultry- 
shows, political meetings, etc. 

Hopkins Park is named in honor 
of a former dry-goods merchant, L. C. 
Hopkins, who gave the city the three- 
fourths of an acre that the park contains. 
It is situated on the brow of Mt. Auburn, 
at the head of Sycamore Street and south 
end of Auburn Avenue. 

Horse-Cars. — Fountain Square is 
the horse-car centre of Cincinnati; the 
cars of all the lines below the hills pass- 
ing it in their route, with the exception 
of the Third-street and Eighth-street lines, 
which pass within a square's distance. 
On almost all lines a single fare is 5 
cents: tickets in packages of six, 4 cents 
each; or 25 for a dollar. On route 9, sin- 
gle fare is 4 cents; 25 tickets for 90 
cents. Route 9 tickets are not taken on 
the other lines: all other tickets are good 
on either line. Transfer tickets are 
given, without extra charge, on all 
West-End lines, to persons desiring to go 
as far west as Spring-grove Avenue or 
Brighton Station, a change of cars being 
made at Coleman Street. Through 
tickets, including two Bottom lines, one 
Inclined-plane, and one Hill line, are 
sold on the cars for 10 cents. Single 
fare on the inclined planes, 5 cents. The 
following is a list of the various lines, 
with their routes; the most popular name 
of the route being given. 

Avenue //tie. — See Cumminsville and 
Spring-grove line. 

Baymiller-strcct line start from the 
cor. of McLean and Harrison Avenues, 



south on McLean to Western Avenue, 
south-east to Liberty, east to Baymiller, 
south to Sixth, east to Elm, south to 
Fifth, east to Lock, south to Third, west 
to Lawrence, north to Fourth, west to 
Elm, north to Sixth, thence west and 
north by double track to place of begin- 
ning. 

Clifton line start from top. of Clifton 
Inclined Plane, north to Calhoun, east to 
Vine, north to Hammond, east to Car- 
thage Pike, north to Clifton, Burnet 
Woods, and Zoological Gardens. 

Covington lines. — There are four 
lines to Covington, all starting from the 
Vine-street end of Fountain Square, 
south on Vine to Front, east to suspen- 
sion bridge, which they all cross. One 
of these lines also traverses Newport, via 
the suspension bridge over the Licking 
River. 

Cumminsville and Spring-grove 
line begins at the intersection of Spring- 
grove and Harrison Avenues, north on 
Spring-grove Avenue to Spring-grove 
Cemetery, passing through Cummins- 
ville; return by same route. 

Ede7i-park, Walnut-hills, and Avon- 
dale line start from the top of Mt. 
Adams Inclined Plane, northwardly 
through Eden Park over a trestle bridge 
454 feet long and by Gilbert Avenue to 
Curtis Street, east to Kemper Lane, north 
to McMillan, east to Park Avenue, north 
to Chestnut, returning by same route. 
The route is soon 10 be extended to 
Avondale. 

Eighth-street line start from west 
end of Eighth Street, east on Eighth to 
Central Avenue, south to Fourth, east to 
Main, north to Sixth, west to Elm, north 
to Eighth, west to place of beginning. 

Elm-street line start from East-End 
Garden in Pendleton; west on Eastern 
Avenue to Washington and Third, thence 
on Third to Martin, thence to Pearl, west 
to Broadway, north to Fourth, west to 
Elm, north to McMicken Avenue; re- 
turning on Elm to Fifth, east to Broad- 
way, south to Pearl, east to Front, and 
continuing by Front and Eastern Avenue 
to place of beginning. Connection is 
made at the East-End Garden with the 
Columbia and Mt. Lookout steam dum- 
mies. 

Ereeman-street line. — Same as 
Seventh-street line. 

Gilbert-avenue line. — Same as Wal- 
nut-hills line. 

John-street liite start from Fourth 
and Main; west on Fourth to John, 
north to Findlay, west to Baymiller, 



42 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



north to Bank, west to Coleman, north 
to Central Avenue; returning east and 
south on Central Avenue to Fifth, east 
to Main, and south to Fourth. 

Mt. Auburn line start at Fifth and 
Mam, north on Main to Inclined Plane, 
from the summit of which north on Locust 
to Mason, east on Mason to Auburn, and 
north on Auburn and Washington Streets 
to Zoological Gardens ; returning by same 
route to Main and Court, west on Court to 
Walnut, south to Fifth, and east to Main. 

Newport line start from the Walnut- 
street end of Fountain Square, east on 
Fifth to Broadway, south to Pearl, east 
to the Louisville Short-line Railroad 
Bridge, thence across the bridge to 
Newport, making connection with the 
Bellevue and Dayton steam dummy. 

Riverside and Sedauisville line 
start from Eighth-street and Walker-mill 
Road, south on the latter to Lower River 
Road, and west to Riverside. Return 
by same route. 

Seventh-street line cars start from 
Fourth and Vine, north on Vine to Sev- 
enth, west to Freeman, north to Bank, 
west to Coleman, north to Central Ave- 
nue, east to Freeman. Returning, south 
on Freeman to York, east to Linn, south 
to Ninth, east to Walnut, south to Fourth, 
west to Vine. 

Sixth-street line. — Same as Baymil- 
Ier-street line. 

Third-street line start from Third 
and Lawrence, north on Lawrence to 
Fourth, west to Smith, north to Fifth, 
west to Freeman, north to Sixth, west to 
Mill-Creek Bridge; returning by the 
same route to Fifth and Wood, south on 
Wood to Third, and east to Lawrence. 

Vine-street, or Route q, start from 
Vine-street end of Fountain Square, 
north on Vine to McMicken Avenue, 
thence north-west to Mohawk Bridge; 
returning by same route. 

VValniit-liills line start from Fourth 
and Walnut; north to Fifth, east to 
Broadway, north to Hunt, east, via 
Effluent-pipe Street to Gilbert Avenue, 
north to Walnut Hills; returning by 
Gilbert Avenue to Broadway, south to 
Fourth, and west to Walnut Street. 

Horticultural Society, the Cincin- 
nati, has been established about 36 years. 
At its rooms, 180 Main Street, meetings 
are held every Saturday, when topics of 
interest to horticulturists and agricultur- 
ists are discussed, and specimens of fruit 
exhibited. The membership is about 
600. 



Hospital for Contagious Diseases, 

popularly known as the " Pest House," 
a branch of the Cincinnati Hospital, lo- 
cated in an isolated tract of ground in 
Lick-run Valley, in the vicinity of the 
Potter's Field, or pauper burying-ground. 
The house is new and commodious, and 
has accommodations for about 100 pa- 
tients. It is designed for the treatment 
of small-pox and other contagious dis- 
eases. A physician and corps of nurses 
are employed, the former at a salary of 
$50 per month. 

Hospitals. — See Cincinnati Hospi- 
tal, Good Samaritan Hospital, St. Mary's 
Hospital, Jewish Hospital, Hospital for 
Contagious Diseases. 

Hotels. — The principal hotels are the 
Burnet House, Third and Vine Streets; 
Crawford House, Sixth and Walnut 
Streets; Gibson House, Fourth and Wal- 
nut Streets; Grand Hotel, Fourth Street 
and Central Avenue; Hotel Emery, Vine, 
bet. Fourth and Fifth; Hunt's Hotel and 
Dining Rooms, Vine, bet. Fourth and 
Fifth; St. James, Fourth and Hammond 
Streets; St. Nicholas, Fourth and Race; 
Walnut-street House, Walnut, bet. Sixth 
and Seventh. 

Hotel Emery is on Vine Street, bet. 
Fourth and Fifth Streets, but has its 
entrance in the Emery Arcade. It was 
opened in November, 1877, and has 175 
guest-rooms, all well furnished. It is 
one of the newest, largest, and best- 
kept hotels in the city, and is conducted 
on both the European and American 
plans. On the European plan the prices 
of rooms range from $1 to $2.50 per day, 
and meals are served in the hotel restau- 
rant at moderate prices. On the Ameri- 
can plan the terms are $3 and $4 per 
day. The owners are Thomas Emery's 
Sons. 

House of Refuge. — A house of cor- 
rection for incorrigible and criminal 
youth of both sexes, between the ages 
of eight and sixteen years. The build- 
ing is situated in Camp Washington, on 
the Colerain Pike, 3^ miles from Foun- 
tain Square. The buildings are of blue 
native limestone, with window-caps and 
cornices of white limestone. It is four 
stones in height, besides the basement, 
and has a frontage of 227 feet. There 
are now about 500 inmates, four-fifths of 
whom are boys. They are given the 
rudiments of a general education, includ- 
ing music, and are taught useful trades. 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



43 



Incorrigible children are committed from 
the police-court. The term of confinement 
lasts during the minority of the child. 
The annual cost to the city, by which 
the Refuge is maintained, is about $50,- 
000. 

Hughes High School, named in 
honor of its benefactor, Thomas Hughes, 
who left the bulk of his fortune by will 
to the city, for the purpose of founding a 
high school. The building is situated on 
Fifth Street, opposite the beginning of 
Mound Street, and was built in 1853, at 
a cost of $25,000. It is a massive build- 
ing, and in architectural beauty is worthy 
of the city. The average attendance of 
pupils is about 500. Pupils must reside 
in the district west of Central Avenue and 
south of Clark Stieet. 

Hunt's Hotel and Dining-Rooms, 
on the east side of Vine Street, bet. 
Fourth and Fifth, is one of the most 
widely known places of its kind in this 
city. The restaurant is exceedingly popu- 
lar, and is one of the most commodious 
in the West. The prices are low, and the 
cuisine is good. '1 his restaurant, in the 
oyster season, has the largest oyster trade 
in the city. The hotel has 100 rooms, 
and is conducted on the European plan; 
the prices of rooms ranging from 50 cents 
to $1 a day. The proprietors are C. B. 
Hunt & Co. 

Inclined Planes. — There are four of 
these popular and useful elevators in the 
city, — one in the western , one in the east- 
ern, and two in the northern parts. All 
land their passengers on the heights about 
400 feet above the level of the river. 
Clifton Inclined Plane is at the inter- 
section of McMicken Avenue and Elm 
Street. The Elm-street and the Vine- 
street horse-cars lead directly to it; and 
at the top is the Bellevue House, where 
connection is made with horse-cars for 
Ml. Auburn, Corryville, Zoological Gar- 
dens, Burnet-woods Park, and Clifton. 
Mt Adams 6° Eden-park Inclined 
Plane is on Lock Street, about 100 feet 
south of Fifth Street. The Baymiller- 
street line of horse-cars pass the foot of 
the plane; and when special attractions 
are offered at the Highland House, which 
is situated at the head of the plane, cars 
from various parts of the city are run 
direct to the Inclined Plane. At the 
Highland House connection is made with 
the Eden-park, Walnut-hills, and Avon- 
dale lines of horse-cars. Alt. Auburn 
Inclined Plane is at the head of Main 



Street, and is reached by the Main-street 
line of horse-cars. The Lookout House 
is at the top of the plane, and horse-car 
connection is there made with the Mt. 
Auburn line for the Zoological Gardens. 
Price's-hn'1 Inclined Platte begins at 
the foot of Eighth Street, where it inter- 
sects the Walker-mill Road. This is the 
only one of the inclined railways that has 
a double track and double set of ma- 
chinery, — one for pedestrians, and the 
other for horses and vehicles. The 
Eighth-street horse-cars stop at the foot 
of the plane. 

Insane Asylum. — See Longview In- 
sane Asylum. 

Isbell's Jewelry and Bric-a Brae 
Establishment, 58 West Fourth Street, 
is a place which persons interested in 
exquisite works of the highest class of 
modern fine-art and ingenuity should not 
fail to visit. In this store is kept a rich 
collection of fine jewelry, watches, dia- 
monds, bronzes, bric-a-brac, and house 
and parlor ornaments. The present 
firm, composed of E. E. Isbell and 
Thomas Gaff, continues a business estab- 
lished 75 years ago, and enjoys the pat- 
ronage of the wealthiest and most cul- 
tured class of citizens. It is the only 
firm receiving by its private wires correct 
time direct from the Marine Observatory 
at Washington. At the front-door of the 
establishment is the only pavement clock 
in the city. 

Inwood Park, a name given to the 
old Shoenberger homestead, on Vine 
Street, about half way up the Vine-street 
Hill. The grounds contain 14 acres, 
and are used ior picnics, balls, and pleas- 
ure-parties. The surface is diversified 
with hills and ravines. It has all the 
necessary appurtenances for dancing, 
swinging, and athletic exercises, besides 
a wine and beer house and restaurant. 
The most convenient way of reaching 
the park is by the Mt. Auburn Inclined 
Plane. A bridge 1,100 feet in length 
spans the principal ravine between the 
Lookout House and Inwood Park. 

Jewish Congregations. — Brother- 
ly Love, purely Germans, occupies a 
brick building, dedicated by Rabbi I. M. 
Wise in 1867. It is situated on the cor. 
of John and Melancthon Streets, and its 
seating capacity is 400. Membership, 
60 families. Children 0/ Israel, Re- 
formed; founded in 1830. The present 
building, south-east cor. of Eighth and 



44 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Mound Streets, known as the Mound- 
street Temple, is in a modified Gothic 
style. It was finished in 1868, at a cost, 
it is said, of $150,000. Seating capacity, 
1.200; membership, 200 families : rabbi, 
M. Lilienthal. Children of Yesku- 
rum, Reform, founded in 1844. The 
present building, south-east cor. of 
Eighth and Plum Streets, known as the 
Plum-street Temple, completed in 1866, 
is one of the most unique and costly 
church structures in the city. It is in 
the pure Moorish style, elegantly fur- 
nished and decorated, and without the 
ground is said to have cost $275,000. 
Seating capacity, 1,540; membership, 
240 families ; rabbi, Isaac M. Wise. 
K. K. Adath Israel, Polish, cor. of 
Walnut and Seventh Streets; member- 
ship, 60 families; rabbi, Henry Runner. 
Orthodox Polish, of an old creed; wor- 
ship in a small room on the south-west 
cor. of Eighth Street and Central Ave- 
nue. Sherith Israel, founded in 1856; 
worship on Lodge Street, bet. Sixth and 
Seventh. Membership, 80 families; 
rabbi, S. H. Epstein. 

Jewish Hospital, the, founded in 
1847 f° r tne benefit of sick Israelites only, 
was originally located on Betts and Cen- 
tral Avenue. It was removed to the 
present building, cor. of Third and Baum 
Streets, in 1863. It contains two wards, 
one for male and one for female patients, 
besides a dozen rooms for pay-patients. 
The wards will accommodate about 30 
persons. 

Kindergartens. — Since Friedrich 
Froebel began to successfully teach 
infants by means of a class of schools 
named kindergartens, there have sprung 
up, throughout Europe and America, 
many schools based upon the same meth- 
ods and adopting the same name. In 
many American cities, such as New 
York, Boston, St. Louis, and Philadel- 
phia, kindergartens have been made an 
important branch of the public-school 
system, while in many other cities kinder- 
gartens have been established by indi- 
viduals and educational institutions. In 
Cincinnati there are no kindergartens con- 
nected with the public schools; but there 
are five of them in a nourishing condi- 
tion, one conducted by Miss Helene 
Goodman, another by the Cincinnati 
Wesleyan College, a third by Miss Lizzie 
Beaman,afourthbyMissKatherineDodd, 
and a fifth by the Cincinnati Orphan Asy- 
lum. Miss Goodman's kindergarten is the 



best known, and occupies part of the first 
floor of Miss Nourse's school-building, 
166 West Seventh Street, where the rooms 
are lofty, well ventilated, neatly furnished, 
and so arranged that the little children 
are made quite comfortable while being 
amused and taught their first lessons. 
Miss Goodman was a pupil of Madame 
Rrauss of New York City, and estab- 
lished her kindergarten in this city in 
1875. Since that time she has enthusi- 
astically devoted herself to her work, and 
in so doing has had the hearty support of 
influential citizens. 

Knights of Pythias, a secret benevo- 
lent order, similar in character to the 
Masons and Odd Fellows. The mem- 
bers are uniformed, and make a hand- 
some display on parade. There are fif- 
teen lodges and one division in Cincin- 
nati. Their principal armories are at the 
north-west cor. of Sixth and Walnut, 
and the south-west cor. of Eighth and 
Central Avenue. Total membership esti- 
mated at 1,500. 

La Belle Riviere is the name given 
by the French to the Ohio River. 

Landmarks and Historical Places. 
— The pioneers built log-houses for de- 
fence and shelter, but they were only of a 
temporary character. A few small-win- 
dowed two-storied houses yet remain of 
those built in the second period of houses 
in this city; all without special interest, 
except one on the south side of old Con- 
gress Street, east of Lawrence, and known 
as Rose Cottage. Here lived Judge Dan- 
iel Symmes, and after him Nicholas Long- 
worth. While living at Rose Cottage, 
Judge Symmes built in 1812, on the south 
side of Congress Street, near Lawrence, 
a stone house, which after Judge Symmes's 
death was occupied by Peyton S. Symmes, 
and was for a long time the centre of 
social interest in the city. The walls are 
built of limestone taken from the bed of 
the river; and the roof is a high gable, 
slanting toward the street, with an attic 
room in the peak, and without a dormer 
window. The hall is on the west side; 
and it is deep and broad, with a hand- 
some staircase in the rear. The orna- 
mentation on the woodwork is quite 
elaborate and interesting. Doubtless in 
its day it was one of the finest houses in 
this region; although it is by no means 
the oldest now standing, nor has it the 
most historical interest. The St. Clair 
House, shut in from the streets by later 
buildings, stands in the block bounded by 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



45 



Seventh, Eighth, and Main Streets and 
St. Clair Alley. The date of its erection 
is unknown, and there is a doubt whether 
it was built by Gen. St. Clair or by his 
son. From the records of real-estate 
transfers, it seems to have been built in 
1806, and tradition says by the general. 
The walls are of brick brought from 
Pittsburg ; and the door-step is a huge 
block of sandstone, said to be the first 
piece of this kind of stone used for that 
purpose in the city. The house has a 
hall through the centre, with doors in 
front and rear, and a series of rooms 
built on each side, forming a semi-court 
at the back. The staircase is wide, and 
the stairs of easy ascent. The old house, 
hidden from sight and almost forgotten, 
is still in good condition and the walls 
complete, and it is one of the points of 
great local interest. The "Bazaar" is 
the most curious, and, architecturally 
speaking, the oddest old landmark, in the 
city. It stands on the south side of Third 
Street, just east of Broadway. In 1829 
Mrs. Frances Trollope thought to revo- 
lutionize the trade and society of the 
growing town, so she built a house where 
pleasure and business should be com- 
bined. Her efforts were without effect, 
and the old structure looks as if it had 
been dropped from some other country 
among uncongenial mates. The design 
of the facade is nondescript. There are 
three high windows, reaching over two 
stories; and the windows have a half 
Gothic, half Moorish effect, which is not 
altogether displeasing. There is an iron 
balcony running across the front below 
the cornice. Here were heid the Fourth 
of July celebrations and the annual balls 
of the early times. 

The element of the population that 
held Virginia traditions built, between 
1825-30, several fine houses in the semi- 
classical style, the oldest being the Key's 
House, where Charles McMicken lived, 
and a part of which may yet be seen in 
front of the University of Cincinnati 
building. It is on a side-hill overlooking 
the Hamilton Road, once the great thor- 
oughfare between the North and South. 
In much the same style is the house now 
owned and occupied by David Sinton, on 
the east side of Pike Street, almost oppo- 
site the east end of Fourth. The house 
was begun by Martin Baum, and finished 
by Nicholas Longworth, who died there. 
It is a one-story house, very wide and 
deep, with a broad hall through the cen- 
tre, resting on a half-story or basement. 
The place has always been known as the 



gathering spot for the culture and refine- 
ment of the city. In the square on Bank 
Street, occupied by the Sisters of the Good 
Shepherd, is another of those grand old 
houses. It was the home of Major 
Daniel Gano. Anothei of the same class 
was buiit by Thomas Carneal, and still 
stands in Ludlow, Ky. On the north- 
east cor. of Orchard and Main Streets is 
a plain brick house, having long porches 
in the rear, which was the home of Wil- 
liam Woodward, the founder of Wood- 
ward College. When Third was the 
fashionable street, there were many fine 
houses on both sides of it, built mostly 
with Greek-temple facades. Here lived 
Samuel Foote and Griffin Taylor. Of 
this class of houses only one remains, — 
that of Geo. T.Williamson bet. Plum and 
Elm Streets. Major William Barr built 
two now old and noted houses. The first, 
or at least part of it, can be seen on the 
north-west cor. of Smith and Sixth 
Streets; and the second is standing on 
Barr Street, near Mound. Major Clark- 
son's house, on Bank Street, is a relic of 
the time when the north-west section of 
the city below the hills was only farm- 
land. There were many other dwellings 
of note; but the old public buildings have 
been destroyed. The court-house was 
twice burned, and the early churches and 
mills have disappeared. Near a century's 
life has left in the city but little that is 
either quaint or charming. — Pitts H. 
Burt. 

See Burnet Residence and Lytle 
House. 

Lane Theological Seminary was 

chartered and first opened for academic 
instruction in 1829. The theological de- 
partment went into operation in 1832 
under the presidency of Rev. Lyman 
Beecher, D.D.; and since that time about 
700 students have received theological 
training. In 1835 the academic depart- 
ment was discontinued. At present there 
are six instructors, and accommodations 
for 50 students. The grounds comprise 
about five acres; and the buildings in- 
clude a dormitory, boarding-hall, library- 
hall, chapel, and several dwellings for the 
professors. Besides these, there is now 
being erected a recitation-hall, which will 
be a beautiful structure, and also a valu- 
able adjunct to the seminary property. 
The building is to be of blue limestone, 
three stories in height, with mansard roof. 
It will contain recitation-rooms for all the 
seminary classes, chapel for daily prayers, 
gymnasium, etc. The library now con- 



46 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



tains 13,000 volumes of standard theolo- 
gical, rare, valuable, and miscellaneous 
works. Lane Seminary is under control 
of the Presbyterian Church ; but all stu- 
dents, whatever may be their denomina- 
tional connection, are welcomed. It has 
had a prosperous career, and has a prom- 
ising future. It is situated on Gilbert 
Avenue, Walnut Hills, and can be visited 
at any time during the day. Horse-cars, 
— Eden-park, Walnut-hilis, and Avondale 
line, and the Gilbert-avenue line. 

Latonia Springs, a beautiful suburb 
in Kentucky, six miles from Fountain 
Square, on the Lexington Pike. It was 
once a noted watering-place, and favorite 
resort of Kentuckians. There is a fine 
hotel, ample grounds, spring-houses, and 
other convenient buildings. The waters 
possess no medicinal virtues, and as a 
watering-place Latonia Springs is a thing 
of the past. It is a beautiful drive, how- 
ever, the route being picturesque through- 
out its length. 

Law - Courts. — Common Pleas 
Court for Hamilton County is com- 
posed of seven judges, elected by the 
people for a term of five years. This is 
the court of general, civil, and criminal 
jurisdiction, and throughout the State is 
the court established for this purpose by 
the constitution. It has appellate juris- 
diction, as well as jurisdiction in proceed- 
ings in error, from justices of the peace 
in civil actions for any amount, and origi- 
nal jurisdiction in all civil cases for 
amounts of $100 and upwards. It has 
also appellate and error jurisdiction from 
the probate court. Sessions held in the 
Court House. Probate Court for 
Hamilton County has one judge, elect- 
ed by the people for a term of three years. 
It has original and exclusive jurisdiction 
in all matter of wills, administrations of 
estate, and guardianship; and concurrent 
jurisdiction with the common pleas in 
habeas corpus and in condemnation of 
lands for public uses. This court was 
established by statute, and has no appel- 
late jurisdiction. Sessions held in the 
Court House. Superior Court of Cin- 
cinnati has three judges, elected for a 
term of five years, by the people. Its 
jurisdiction is limited to the city, and 
therein is concurrent with the common 
pleas in all civil cases of $100 and up- 
wards. It has no criminal or appellate 
jurisdiction, but is a special court estab- 
lished by statute. District Court for 
First Judicial District, that is, for 



Hamilton County, is composed of any 
three judges of the court of common 
pleas, whose term is fixed by such rules 
as the court of common pleas may make. 
This court has original jurisdiction in 
mandamus and quo warranto cases, and 
appellate jurisdiction from common pleas 
in all cases where the constitutional right 
of trial by jury is not granted. On ap- 
peal, all cases are tried de novo. It has 
jurisdiction in error in all civil cases from 
the common pleas and superior courts. 
Error in criminal cases lies to supreme 
court direct. This court also was estab- 
lished by statute. Sessions held in the 
Court House. Police Court of Cincin- 
nati consists of one judge, elected by the 
people for two years. It has jurisdiction 
over all offences against the city ordi- 
nances, and of any misdemeanors within 
four miles of the city. In all felonies it 
has jurisdiction to hear and bind over to 
the grand jury. Sessions held in the City 
Building. Justices of the Peace are 
elected by the people for three years. 
They have original jurisdiction in all 
civil cases for money only under $100, 
and concurrent jurisdiction in cases up to 
$300. In cases of all crimes and misde- 
meanors, including bastardy, they have 
power to hear and bind over to the grand 
jury. There are ten justices, who have 
their offices or court-rooms in different 
parts of the city. United States Cir- 
cuit and District Courts for the South- 
ern District of Ohio are held in Cincin- 
nati in the Post-Office and Custom-House 
Building. 

Law-Library, the Cincinnati. — 

As early as 1834 a special charter was 
obtained from the General Assembly for 
the incorporation of the " Cincinnati 
Law-Library; " but no organization took 
place under this charter, and nothing 
effective was done until 1846, when a 
committee was appointed to obtain sub- 
scriptions. Rooms were then provided, 
and the library started on a modest scale. 
It has steadily increased, both in number 
of books and members, until now it con- 
tains 10,000 volumes, and is one of the 
most conveniently arranged and most 
complete law-libraries in the country. 
The rooms are in the Court House, and 
are open to members, introduced stran- 
gers, and to the senior class of the Cin- 
cinnati Law-School. 

Law-School, the Cincinnati, a de- 
partment of the Cincinnati College, occu- 
pies rooms in the third story of College 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 47 



Building. The school is divided into two 
classes, junior and senior, each having a 
separate course of study and text-books. 
The term begins on the Thursday next 
following the second Tuesday of October, 
and continues until the second Wednes- 
day of the ensuing May. The students 
enjoy the use of a library of 1,600 vol- 
umes belonging to the school, and seniors 
also have access to the Cincinnati Law- 
Library. During the school-year 1878-9 
there were 127 students attending the 
lectures. Rufus King the dean, Geo. 
Hoadly, Henry A. Morrill, Manning F. 
Force, and Ex-Gov. John W. Stevenson 
compose the faculty. 

Law's Insurance Agency is the 
oldest in the city, and the leading agency 
in the State of Ohio. It is conducted by 
John H. Law, who represents several of 
the largest and strongest companies in 
the world; and among them are the 
Royal of Liverpool, with assets of $30,- 
045,000; the Imperial and Northern of 
London, $37,495,000; the London and 
Lancashire of Liverpool, $8,460,000; the 
Fire Association of Philadelphia, $3,800,- 
000; the Phenix of New York, $2,800,- 
000; the United Firemen's of Philadel- 
phia, $650,000; and the Metropolitan 
Plate Glass of New York, $146,000. The 
agency employs a score of men, and 
occupies elegant and commodious quar- 
ters on the south-east cor. of Third and 
Walnut Streets. 

Libraries. — The most important pub- 
lic libraries are the Public Library, the 
Mercantile Library, the Cincinnati Law 
Library, the libraries of the Historical 
and Philosophical Society, the St. Xavier 
College, the Sisters of Notre Dame 
Academy, the Lane Theological Semi- 
nary, Mt. St. Mary's Seminary, and the 
Cincinnati Hospital. There are num- 
erous valuable private libraries, many of 
which are rich in specialties. Some of 
the noteworthy private libraries are those 
of A. T. Goshorn, most of which was pre- 
sented to him by the citizens of Philadel- 
phia, in recognition of his services as 
director-general of the Exposition in 1876, 
the room itself being exquisitely fitted 
up by a committee sent here for the pur- 
pose; Robert Clarke, containing bibliog- 
raphy and literary history, science, and 
rare and numerous works in Scottish 
history and poetry; Henry Probasco, a 
costly collection of ancient, rare, and ex- 
quisitely-bound books, well arranged, 
classified, and catalogued; Rev. Thomas 



Skinner, D.D., rich in theological works; 
E. T. Carson, having probably the most 
complete Masonic collection in the world, 
besides a fine Shakspearian collection; 
J. B. Stallo, a large library with a spe- 
cialty of philosophical works; Stanley 
Matthews, abounding in law, scientific, 
and theological works; George McLaugh- 
lin, containing standard historical works, 
and a great variety of books on art, as 
well as many curious books; M. F. Force, 
a fine collection of books relating to 
American Indians; T. D. Lincoln, one 
of the most extensive and useful collec- 
tions of law-books in the world. 

Licking River has its source in Floyd 
County, Ky., 180 miles from its mouth. 
It empties into the Ohio, between the 
cities of Newport and Covington, oppo- 
site the foot of Broadway, Cincinnati. 
It is navigable for steamers as far as the 
falls at Cole's Garden, four miles from its 
mouth. Above that point, in dry sum- 
mers, it has but little water; but in win- 
ter and spring flat-boats descend it for 70 
or 80 miles. An effort was once made to 
improve the channel by means of dams 
and locks, but the enterprise was aban- 
doned. 

Lick Run. — This name applies to a 
village, a creek, and a turnpike. The 
village is a short distance west of Fair- 
mount, and is part of the 24th ward of 
the city. Lick-run Creek rises in Green 
township, and flows almost due east to 
Mill Creek, emptying into that turbid 
stream at Fairmount. The Lick-run Pike 
adheres closely to the bed of the stream, 
and terminates at Fairmount, where it 
joins the Harrison Pike. 

Lincoln Club, a Republican club, 
organized in 1879, and similar in its 
organization and objects to the Union 
League of New York. Its club-house, on 
the south-west cor. of Eighth and Race 
Streets, was until recently the residence 
of Dr. George Mendenhall. It is ele- 
gantly furnished and well located. None 
but Republicans are eligible for member- 
ship, which now numbers 400. Each 
member holds one share of stock, valued 
at $25, and pays $10 a year for dues. 
Visitors may be introduced by members, 
and Republicans from other places are 
cordially welcomed. 

Lincoln Park, situated in the West 
End, covers 10 acres. There is a lake 
and an island; the lake being used in 
winter for skating, and in summer for 



4 8 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



boating. Horse-cars, — Freeman-street 
line. 

Linwood, a village incorporated in 
1874, with a population of 500, is on the 
east border-line of Cincinnati. It is situ- 
ated on the Little Miami R.R., 6.^ miles 
from the Court-House, and lies nestled 
among the hills, from the tops of which 
can be seen the farms lying in three 
counties. There is a graded school, 
Congregational, Baptist, and Methodist 
churches, a hame-factory, etc.; but the 
people are chiefly business-men of Cincin- 
nati; and the town presents the appear- 
ance of a neat New-England village. 

Literary Club, organized 1849. Meet- 
ings are held Saturday evenings from Sep- 
tember to June. Membership is limited 
to 100, seven-eighths of all votes cast re- 
quired to elect. Initiation fee, $10; an- 
nual dues, $20. The rooms at 2393 West 
Fifth Street are adorned with numerous 
fine engravings, statuettes, busts, sketch- 
es, and paintings. Visitors are admitted, 
but only at the invitation of members. 
The president is Herbert Jenney, and the 
secretary S. E. Wright. President Hayes 
has been a member since 1849. 

Longview Insane Asylum, the 

largest institution of its kind in the West, 
is supported by Hamilton County alone, 
although two directors are appointed by 
the governor of Ohio. It costs about 
$100,000 annually to run it. The noble 
edifice is located half a mile south-east of 
Carthage, on rising ground. It is of 
brick, is 612 feet long, five stories in 
height, and is thought fire-proof. The 
stairways are built of iron. The building 
contains 650 rooms. The yearly average 
of patients treated is about 1,000; the 
average of resident patients being 750. 
It was completed in i860, and cost $500,- 
000. Any one can visit the institution 
and examine the grounds on Thursdays. 

Lookout House is on Jackson Hill, 
at the head of the Mt. Auburn Inclined- 
plane Railway. The building is an ob- 
long square, 80 by 200 feet, including the 
south balcony, which extends its entire 
length. The grounds, which contain 
about six acres, are handsomely divided 
into lawns and flower-beds, the lawns 
being furnished with refreshment-tables. 
It is the oldest, and was for several years 
the only, place of the kind in the city. 
5,000 guests can easily be entertained. 
Admission free. Horse-cars, — Main- 
street line. 



Lookout Opera-House, a large oc- 
tagonal building surmounted by a dome, 
in the grounds adjoining the Lookout 
House. It contains a stage for dramatic 
performances. The auditorium is ar- 
ranged in the form of an amphitheatre. 
The house can also be used for a circus, 
the ring being cast in the parquette. 
Admission is usually 25 cents. Horse- 
cars, — Main-street line. 

Ludlow, a Kentucky suburb, opposite 
the mouth of Mill Creek. Distance from 
Fountain Square, two miles. The popu- 
lation is about 1,500, composed chiefly 
of Cincinnati business and working men. 
The Fifth-street ferry lands at the east- 
ern end of the village. The Third-street 
horse-cars connect with the ferry. 

Lutheran Churches. — English 
Evangelical, Elm, bet. Ninth and Court 
Streets, no pastor; German Evangelical, 
Race, bet. Fifteenth and Liberty, A. 
Broemer, pastor; German Protestant, St. 
Johns, Elm and Twelfth, Charles J. 
Scholz, pastor. 

Lytle House, the, No. 66 Lawrence 
Street, was built in 1814; and although 
one of the oldest buildings now standing, 
it is yet in an excellent state of preserva- 
tion. It was built for Gen. William 
Lytle, and has always been occupied by 
his family and descendants. His grand- 
son was Gen. W. H. Lytle, who fell at the 
battle of Chickamauga. One of the men 
who worked on the house at the time of 
its erection was Joseph Jones, now in his 
94th year, one of the oldest living resi- 
dents of the city. In 1837 Andrew Jack- 
son visited Cincinnati, and during his 
slay remained at this house. 

Mannerchor, A. P. A., a singing- 
club connected with the German branch 
of the American Protestant Association. 
The chorus numbers about 50 voices. 
Weekly meetings are held. 

Mannerchor, Cincinnati, a German 
singing society, having male and female 
voices, under the direction of Otto Singer. 
The society has about 120 active and 200 
contributing members. Meetings for 
practice were held weekly in Mannerchor 
Hall, cor. Vine and Mercer Streets. The 
building was destroyed by fire on the 4th 
of August, and the valuable musical 
librarybelonging to the society burned. 
It will be replaced as rapidly as possible. 

Mannerchor, Germania, was organ- 
ized in the year 1872, by seceders from 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



49 



the Cincinnati Mannerchor. From a 
small beginning the society has increased 
its numbers to 250, most of whom are 
contributing members. The active mem- 
bers do not exceed 40. 

Mannerchor, St. Cecilia, originally 
composed of the members of the choir of 
St. Mary's Catholic Church. It now has 
about 40 active members, belonging 
mostly to the German Catholic choirs of 
the city. The society was organized in 
May, 1867. 

Manufactures. — Cincinnati occupies 
a leading position among the manufactur- 
ing cities of the United States, and an 
eminent one among those of the world. 
She is singularly well situated for procur- 
ing raw material and for distributing 
manufactured goods. The business cen- 
tre of a great iron region; convenient to 
lumber of all kinds, grain, cotton, cattle, 
sheep, hogs, wool, stone, and other raw 
materials in great abundance; with a 
community of manufacturers distin- 
guished for their economical administra- 
tion, pecuniary ability, scientific attain- 
ments, mechanical skill, and artistic 
taste, the future development of her 
industries will only be measured by the 
ambition and activity of her citizens. A 
distinguishing feature of the city is the 
scope of her products and the large num- 
ber of individual manufacturers. Her 
aggregate production is not so much 
measured by colossal establishments as 
by the multitude of manufactories of 
moderate capacity, which, in the main, 
are conducted by practical men, who have 
grown up in their business, and who have 
used their earnings to increase their pro- 
duction, and enlarge their usefulness to 
the city. Her manufactured products in 
1878, according to the figures of J. F. 
Blackburn, secretary of the Board of 
Trade and Transportation of Cincinnati, 
aggregated $138,736,165; the cash capi- 
tal invested to produce this value, $57,- 
509,215: the value of the real estate 
occupied, $45,245,687; the number of 
establishments engaged, 5,272; and the 
number of hands employed, 67,145. It 
is a significant fact, that in the last year 
of the financial pinch, with a bankrupt- 
law abominable in its workings, with the 
near approach of the day fixed for the 
resumption of specie payment, concerning 
which grave anxieties were exercised, 
with a continued gravitation to lower 
values, and doubt reigning in the minds 
of a large class of business-men, the 



actual value of Cincinnati's product was 
$3,612,399 in excess of the previous year, 
and the number of hands employed larger 
than ever before. The aggregate produc- 
tion of the year was less than $8,000,000 
below that of 1875; and yet since the 
latter year the decline in values has been 
enormous. It must be seen, that, to pro- 
duce these results, the actual product 
must have been materially increased. It 
is safe to say that the general decline has 
been fully 33 per cent. From this it 
would appear that the production in 1878 
represented goods, the value of which in 
1875 would have amounted approximately 
to $208,104,247, indicating the largest 
production, measured by quantity, that 
the city has ever enjoyed. Of the whole 
production in 1878, the manufactures of 
metals aggregated $19,391,164: wood, 
$12,940,424; food, $22,032,161; liquors, 
$24,531,726; clothing, $11,966,962; 
leather, $8,893,075; soap, candles, and 
oils, $8,525,427; drugs, chemicals, etc., 
$4,031,700; paper, $4,240,447; tobacco, 
$4,371,527; printing and publishing, 
$4,952,200; carriages, cars, etc., $3,824,- 
199; stone and earth, $2,362,937; cotton, 
wool, hemp, etc., $1,418,400; book-bind- 
ing and blank-books, $578,000; fine arts, 
$578,670; miscellaneous, $4,097,146. The 
manufactures of either food, metals, or 
liquors were larger in 1878 than the entire 
manufactures of Cincinnati in 1840. Many 
products of this city, too, are as wide in 
their distribution as the whole is varied 
in its nature. They go not only through- 
out this country, but to all the nations of 
Europe, to China, Japan, Australia, South 
America, British Columbia, Sandwich 
Islands, etc. They carry the good name 
of the Cincinnati producers with them, 
and are steadily laying the foundations 
for a trade, both at home and abroad, of 
which the present is but a feeble promise. 
— Sidney D. Maxwell. 

There are two sets of annual reports 
that are invaluable in ascertaining the 
history and condition of the trade, com- 
merce, and manufactures of this city. 
They are the reports of the Chamber of 
Commerce, edited from 1849 to 1853 by 
Richard Smith, from 1854 to 1871 by 
William Smith, and from 1872 to 1879 by 
Sidney D. Maxwell: and those of the 
Board of Trade and Transportation, 
edited from 1868 to 1873 by H. H. Tatem, 
and from 1874 to 1879 ^Y J- F- Black- 
burn. 

Markets. — One by one the old-fash- 
ioned markets are disappearing. The 



50 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Pearl-street Market, on Pearl, bet. Plum 
and Central Avenue, was the first to dis- 
appear; and its place was taken by the 
Plum-street Depot. The Fifth-street 
Market, which was regarded the finest 
in the city, gave way to the Esplanade 
and Tyler-Davidson Fountain, although 
the Esplanade is occasionally used as a 
flower-market, an ornamental stand be- 
ing placed thereon for the purpose, to fill 
the letter of the law, inasmuch as the site 
was deeded 60 years ago for market pur- 
poses only. The markets now in active 
operation are : Lower Market, on Pearl 
Street, bet. Sycamore and Broadway; 
Sixth-street Market, on Sixth, bet. Plum 
and Central Avenue; Court-street Mar- 
ket, on Court, bet. Walnut and Vine; 
Findlay Market, on Findlay, bet. Elm 
and Plum; and Wade-street Market, on 
Wade, bet. Central Avenue and John 
Street. During market-days, hucksters 
and farmers are allowed to occupy the 
streets for a number of squares at each 
end of the market-houses. It is surmised 
that all the market-houses will soon be 
abolished. 

Masonic Temple. — This is a mass- 
ive freestone building, in the Byzantine 
style, situated on the north-east cor. of 
Third and Walnut Streets. It is five 
stories high, 195 by 100 feel, with unfin- 
ished spire, and cost about $200,000. 
The basement and ground-floor are occu- 
pied by banks and other business offices. 
The second floor is chiefly occupied by 
lawyers' offices. The upper stories are 
devoted to the uses of the Masonic order, 
and are the meeting-places of most of the 
city lodges. There are separate halls for 
the entered apprentice, fellow-craft, and 
master-masons' lodges, the royal arch 
chapter, commandeiy, and consistory. 
The Temple contains also a large ban- 
quet-hall. It is under the control of Nova 
Cesarea Harmony Lodge, No. 2. In an 
architectural point of view, it is one of the 
chief ornaments of the city; and the inte- 
rior, which can be visited any week-day 
at 10 a.m., is well worth being seen. 

Masons, Free and Accepted. — In 
this city there are 16 lodges of Master Ma- 
sons, including three colored lodges. Of 
these, nine lodges meet monthly in Ma- 
sonic Temple, viz.; N. C. Harmony, No. 
2; Miami, No. 46; Lafayette, No. 81 ; Cin- 
cinnati, No. 133 ; McMillan, No. 141; 
Cynthia, No. 155 ; Hanselmann (Ger- 
man), No. 208; Kilwinning, No. 356; 
and Excelsior, No. 369. Vattier Lodge, 



No. 386, meets on the north side of Sixth 
Street, bet. Central Avenue and John 
Street ; Hoffner Lodge, No. 253, meets 
in Cumminsville ; Walnut-hills Lodge, 
No. 483, meets at north-west corner of 
Gilbert Avenue and McMillan Street; 
Yeatman Lodge, No. 162, meets at 1079 
Eastern Avenue. Of the higher Masonic 
bodies, the following meet in Masonic 
Temple : Cincinnati, No. 2, McMillen, 
No. 19, and Willis, No. 131, Chapters 
of Royal Arch Masons; Cincinnati Coun- 
cil, No. 1, Royal and Select Masters; 
Cincinnati, No. 3, and Hanselmann, No. 
16, Commanderies of Knights Templar; 
and the Ancient and Accepted Scottish 
Rite, consisting of Ohio Consistory S. P. 
R. S., 32 ; Cincinnati Chapter of Rose 
Croix, 18 ; Dalcho Council, P. of J., 
16 °; and Gibulum Lodge of Perfection, 
14°. Kilwinning Chapter of Royal Arch 
Masons, No. 96, and Kilwinning Council 
of Royal and Select Masters, No. 52, 
meet on the north side of Sixth Street, 
bet Central Avenue and John Street. 
Three colored lodges meet at the north- 
west cor. of Sixth and Main, viz.: Cor- 
inthian, No. 1; True American, No. 2; 
St. John, No. 3. Prince White Chapter, 
R. A. M., No. 1, and Zerubbabel Com- 
mandeiy, Knights Templar, No. 1, meet 
at the same place. The number of Ma- 
sons in Cincinnati is estimated at 3000. 

Medical Colleges. — See Miami 
Medical College, Medical College of 
Ohio, College of Medicine and Surgery, 
Eclectic Medical Institute, Pulte Medical 
College, and Physio-Medical Institute. 

Medical College of Ohio, the oldest 
medical college in the West, having been 
founded in 1819. The college edifice is 
on the south side of Sixth Street, be- 
tween Vine and Race Streets. Two 
sessions per annum are held: the regu- 
lar session, beginning in October, and 
ending in March following; the spring 
session, beginning in March, and lasting 
until June. Fees for the course, $75; 
matriculation, dissecting, hospital, and 
practical chemistry, each $5; gradua- 
tion, $25 There are 10 professorships. 
Prof. W. W. Dawson is dean of the fac- 
ulty. Daily clinics are held at the Good 
Samaritan Hospital, of which the college 
faculty have charge. Students also have 
the privilege of the clinics at the Cincin- 
nati Hospital. 

Medical Society, the Cincinnati, 
a society of physicians of the regular 
school, for the reading of papers and the 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



51 



discussion of topics of interest to the 
medical profession. It originated in 1874 
by a secession from tlie Academy of 
Medicine, caused by an unsatisfactory 
solution of a problem of medical ethics. 
During the autumn, winter, and spring 
months, the society holds weekly meetings 
at Schmidt's Hall, north-west cor. of 
Race and Seventh Streets. Membership 
fee, $3; annual dues, $2. Dr. William 
Carson is president, and Dr. R. B. Davy 
secretary. 

Melodeon Hall, north-west cor. of 
Fourth and Walnut Streets, in the third 
story. It is one of the" large public halls 
in the city, and is used for first-class en- 
tertainments. It was for a term of years 
leased by the Allemania Club. It is now 
the property of Peter Gibson, owner of 
the Gibson House adjoining. He pur- 
poses tearing the building down, and ex- 
tending the hotel to Fourth Street. 

Memphis & Ohio-river Packet 
Co., located, and its boats owned, in Cin- 
cinnati. Three boats a week will run be- 
tween Cincinnati and Memphis, requir- 
ing six first-class steamers to meet the 
service; viz., the "Andy Baum," "J. 
W. Gaff," " J. D. Parker," " Vint Shin- 
kle," " Cons. Millar," and one now being 
contracted for. Passenger and freight 
rates fluctuate, according to the season 
and stage of water. Wharf-boat at foot of 
Sycamore Street. Office, 11 and 12 Pub- 
lic Landing. James S. Wise is superin- 
tendent, and James D. Parker secretary 
and treasurer. 

Mercantile Library. — See Young 
Men's Mercantile Library Association. 

Merchants' and Manufacturers' 
Insurance Co. of Cincinnati is one of 
the oldest and largest of the local com- 
panies. Its charter, granted in 1838, is 
perpetual. Its cash capital is $150,000, 
and assets $225,866. In the 40 years of 
its existence it not only has paid $866,- 
146 for losses, but also has declared 
dividends that will average over 12 per 
cent a year, for 1879 lne dividend being 
10 per cent. A general fire and cargo 
business is done: and the company's 
office is at 15 West Third Street. The 
record of the time of service of its officers 
is noteworthy. B. B. Whiteman was sec- 
retary of the Cincinnati Insurance Co. 
from 1832 to 1850; and then became con- 
nected with the Merchants' and Manufac- 
turers', which he served as secretary and 
president from 1850 to 1879. He was suc- 



ceeded as president by William H. Cal- 
vert, who had been the secretary of the 
Cincinnati Insurance Co. for 11 years. 
The present secretary, William C. Her- 
ron, is the successor in office of H. C. 
Gassaway, who had filled the position for 
13 years. 

Merchants' Exchange. — See 
Chamber of Commerce. 

Meteorological Data for this city in 
1878. Temperature. — The mean tem- 
perature of the year was 57.24°, which is 
1. 48° above the average of the seven pre- 
ceding years. The highest was 96°, July 
n, 17, and 18; the lowest, — 1°, Dec. 
24; the yearly range, 97°. The coldest 
month was December, mean temp. 31.43°; 
the coldest week, Dec. 22 to 28, mean 
temp. 16.39; l ^ e coldest day, Dec. 24, 
mean temp. 8.50°. The warmest month 
was July, mean temp. 81.53°; the warm- 
est week, July 14 to 20, mean temp. 
84.86°; the warmest day, July 12, mean 
temp. 87.50°. The greatest monthly 
range of temperature was 56° in January, 
and least monthly range was 31° in July 
and August. The mean temperature of 
spring was 58.75°; summer, 76.36°; au- 
tumn, 57.46°; winter, 36.38°. Average 
for the past seven years: spring, 54.30°; 
summer, 76.72°; autumn, 56.1 i°; winter, 
35.91°. The last light frost of spring was 
on May 13; the first light frost of autumn 
was on Oct. 12. Rains. — The entire 
amount of rain and melted snow was 
41.62 inches, which is 0.89 inches above 
the average precipitation of past seven. 
years. Either snow or rain fell on 155 
days. The longest interval without rain 
of any consequence was from May 18 to 
June 7: only 0.03 inches fell during that 
period. Rainfall by seasons. — Spring, 
9.61; summer, 13.46; autumn, 8.00; win- 
ter, 10.55. Average for past seven years: 
spring, 9.59; summer, 13.56; autumn, 
7.96; winter, 9.63. There were 73 clear, 
102 fair, and 35 cloudy days other than 
those on which rain or snow fell. Rela- 
tive humidity. — The mean relative hu- 
midity was 64.40^; the average for past 
seven years was 64.50^. Winds. — The 
prevailing direction of wind was south- 
east; total movement of air, 50,806 miles; 
the highest monthly velocity of wind, 
5,149 miles, December; the least monthly 
velocity of wind, 3,302, August. Barom- 
eter, corrected for temperature, and ele- 
vation above sea-level (620.4 f eet ), mean 
barometer, 29.959; highest, 30.699, Jan. 
7; lowest, 29.239, Feb. 21 ; and the annual 
range, 1.460 inches. Highest monthly 



52 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



pressure, 30.119, December; lowest 
monthly pressure, 29,752, April; greatest 
monthly range, 1,219, January; least 
monthly range, .331, August; average 
monthly range, .819. — Nelson Gorom, 
Sergeant Signal Corps, U.S.A. 

Methodist Episcopal Churches. — 

East Cincinnati District. — Asbury 
Chapel, Webster Street, east of Main; 
Camp Washington Church, Camp Wash- 
ington, Colerain Road; Columbia Church, 
Columbia; Grace Church, Maple Avenue, 
Avondale; High -street Church, High 
Street, 1st ward; McKendree Chapel, 
East Front, near Reed; Mt. Auburn 
Church, Auburn Avenue; Mt. Lookout 
Church, Mt. Lookout; Mt. Washington 
Church, Mt. Washington; Pearl-street 
Church, E. Pearl, near Ludlow; Pendle- 
ton Church, Pendleton; Trinity Church, 
Ninth, bet. Race and Elm; Walnut-hills 
Church, Walnut Hills; Wesley Chapel, 
Fifth, west of Broadway. West Cincin- 
nati District. — Christie Chapel, Court 
and Wesley Avenue ; Cumminsville 
Church, 25th ward; Fairmount Church, 
Fairmount; Finley Chapel, Clinton, west 
of Cutter; McLean Church, Ninth, near 
Freeman; St. John's Church, Longworth 
and Park; St. Paul's Church, Seventh 
and Smith; York-street Church, York 
and Baymiller. German. — Blanchard 
Chapel, Spring-grove Avenue, near Har- 
rison Road; Buckeye-street Church, 
Buckeye, near Main; Everett-street 
Church, Everett, between Cutter and 
Linn; Race-street Church, Race, be- 
tween Thirteenth and Fourteenth ; Afri- 
can Union Chapel, Seventh, between 
Plum and Central Avenue. 

Miami Canal. — See Canals. 

Miami Medical College, established 
in 1852, owns and occupies the building 
on Twelfth Street, nearly opposite the 
Cincinnati Hospital, where daily clinics 
are held during the college sessions. The 
faculty consists of 17 well-known physi- 
cians, of which Dr. John A. Murphy is 
the dean, and Dr. W. H. Taylor the 
secretary. The college museum is one 
of the most extensive in the country. 
Two sessions are annually held. The 
preliminary term of the regular winter 
course begins in September, and lasts one 
month, when the regular winter session 
begins, which lasts until March. The 
spring course of lectures begins in March, 
and ends in June. Fees for the entire 
course of lectures, $75; matriculation, 



demonstrator, and hospital tickets, $5 
each; graduation, $25. Connected with 
the college is the Miami Medical College 
Dispensary, which is open to students. 

Miami Medical College Dispens- 
ary, a noble charity, in the buildings of 
the Miami Medical College. All sick 
persons who apply are treated and fur- 
nished medicines free of charge. The 
morning session, between 8 and 9 o'clock, 
is devoted to diseases of the eye and ear; 
the afternoon, between 3 and 4, to all 
other complaints. The dispensary is 
open all the year round. During the 
lecture-season, students of the college are 
admitted to the clinics, making it an im- 
portant part of their medical education. 
The attending physicians are the faculty 
of the college. The annual number of 
patients treated is nearly 8,000. 

Miami Stock-yards, on Eggleston 
Avenue, Cleveland and Court Streets, 
are in complete order, with accommoda- 
tions for 10,000 hogs, sheep, and cattle. 
The Little Miami and the Louisville 
Short-line R.R.'s enter the yards, and the 
Cincinnati & Eastern and the Miami 
Valley Narrow-gauge R.R. are to make 
these yards their terminal point. The 
cattle-yards are covered, and every pen 
floored, and are provided with every con- 
venience for watering and feeding. The 
yards occupy three acres, and were open- 
ed in 1876. The company has a capital 
of $100,000. The president and treasurer 
is Benjamin Eggleston, and the superin- 
tendent is H. A. Bowman. The receipts 
for the year ending March 1, 1879, were 
nearly 100,000 hogs. 

Miami Valley Insurance Co. of 
Cincinnati was incorporated in iS37,and 
is to-day the fourth oldest Ohio insurance 
company. The cash capital is $100,000, 
and the gross assets $136,263. The cash 
dividend for 1878 was 10%. Since its 
organization it has received, for fire and 
marine premiums, $910,943.95, and paid 
for losses, $407,340.02. The president is 
George W. Jones, who has held the posi- 
tion since 1871 ; and the secretary William 
Hall. The office of the company is at 
No. 35 West Third Street. 

Military. — See Army. 

Mill Creek has its source in Butler 
County, about 35 miles from its mouth. 
As it passes through the city, its waters 
are exceedingly filthy, having received 
the noxious discharges of paper-mills, 
starch-factories, breweries, and distilleries, 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



53 



for a distance of 12 miles. The Great- 
Liberty-street and McLean-avenue sew- 
ers add to its filthiness between Ernst Sta- 
tion and the Ohio. Until 1870 Mill Creek 
was the west corporation line of the city. 
The corporation line is now two miles 
west of the creek. The Mill-creek Bot- 
toms are subject to annual overflow by 
back-water from the Ohio. As a conse- 
quence they are exceedingly fertile; and 
all available places not used for manu- 
facturing purposes, stock-yards, and brick- 
kilns, are devoted to market-gardening. 
In the lowest grounds the clay deposit of 
the annual inundations is used for mak- 
ing brick. This deposit is very smooth, 
and in some places is made to a depth 
of four inches, It is removed when of 
the consistence of potter's clay, and needs 
but little manipulation to be pressed into 
brick. 

McCook Monument. — See Monu- 
ments. 

Monuments, —The McCook Monu- 
ment is in Washington Park, and was 
erected in 1876 in honor of Col. R. L. 
McCook, by the Ninth Ohio Regiment, 
which, during the late war, he command- 
ed until he lost his life. The base, die, 
shaft, and capital are of Cjuincy granite; 
and the bust is of heroic size, representing 
Col, McCook in uniform, The Woodward 
Monument is placed in the school-yard 
on Franklin Street, bet. Sycamore Street 
and Broadway. It consists of a bronze 
statue of William Woodward, represent- 
ing him draped in a cloak, and standing 
on a granite pedestal. It was erected by 
the alumni of the Woodward college and 
high-school, of which Mr, Woodward 
was the founder and benefactor. 

Mt. Auburn, formerly one of the 
most beautiful suburbs, but now the sec- 
ond precinct of the 2d ward, lies on the 
hill at the head of Main Street, and is 
easiest reached by the Mt, Auburn In- 
clined-plane Railway. Avondale adjoins 
it on the north, the corporation line divid- 
ing them. It abounds with elegant pri- 
vate residences and public institutions. 

Mt. Harrison, the western highlands 
immediately north of Price's Hill. It was 
named Mt. Harrison because this eleva- 
tion was the home of ex-President Har- 
rison, who, in the early history of the 
city, built a dwelling on the slope facing 
Cincinnati. The dwelling was an old 
land-mark until removed in T876. On 
one part of this elevation Chief-Justice 



Chase, during the early period of his 
residence in this city, erected a dwell- 
ing which yet stands. The locality has 
comparatively few improvements, but 
some of these are of the best character; 
and the whole district, with its delight- 
ful elevations, its graceful slopes and 
groves, is one of surpassing natural 
beauty. 

Mt. Lookout is a subdivision of the 
1 st ward, about four miles direct from 
Fountain Square. It is one of the most 
attractive suburban districts in the city. 
The observatory of the University of 
Cincinnati is situated here. It also con- 
tains a large park, which is used for pic- 
nics, barbecues, etc. A steam dummy- 
railroad connects Mt. Lookout with the 
Elm-street line of horse-cars. The dis- 
tance by railroad is six miles. The car- 
fare is 10 cents. 

Mt. Washington is one of the north- 
eastern suburbs of Cincinnati, its resi- 
dents chiefly business-men from the city. 
It is noted for its beautiful rolling private 
grounds, perfect drainage, and consequent 
good health; also for its fine avenues of 
evergreens and deciduous trees, with prob- 
ably the finest collection of hardy mag- 
nolias in the county. It has a town-hall, 
a fine graded public school, young ladies' 
seminary, and three churches. 500 feet 
above the Ohio-river level, the views are 
magnificent, reaching on some high 
points five miles each way river-ward. 
The Little Miami River flows at its base. 
Residences comfortable, and some very 
fine. Reached by Little Miami Railway 
via Columbia all rail, and via Linwood 
within two miles. Incorporated, with 
mayor, council, marshal, board of health, 
etc.; 1,000 inhabitants, and a thick pop- 
ulation of thousands around it, and de- 
pending on it for business purposes. 

Mozart Hall, in the third story of the 
Catholic Institute, cor. of Vine and Long- 
worth Streets. The Grand Opera-House 
is on the ground floor. The hall belongs 
to the institute, and is used for fairs, lec- 
tures, balls, church and other entertain- 
ments. It is quite accessible, being half a 
square north of Fountain Square. 

Museums. — Although there are no 
public museums, there are many collec- 
tions belonging to individuals and socie- 
ties, which, if brought together, would 
form a nucleus for a museum that from 
its beginning would take a good rank 
among the public museums of this coun- 



54 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



try. There is, as has been stated under 
Art, a project to build a grand art-muse- 
um; but it is quite probable that in the 
same building accommodations will be 
provided for various collections usually 
not classified under art-matters. The 
following list is only of a part of the 
many collections in and around the city, 
and they can be seen by obtaining for 
this purpose an introduction to the per- 
sons owning or having charge of them. 
A rt Collections. — See heading Art. A u- 
tograpks and Manuscripts. — An ex- 
ceedingly valuable collection, by reason of 
its immense numbers, rare manuscripts, 
unique arrangement, and admirable classi- 
fication, is owned by L. J. Cist, who has 
been engaged at this work for nearly 43 
years. Robert Clarke has a large collec- 
tion of literary MSS., including some 
fine letters and poems of Robert Burns. 
The Historical and Philosophical Society 
and the libraries also have collections. 
Birds and Fishes. — See Cuvier Club, 
Natural History Society, and Zoological 
Society. Charles Dury of Avondale has 
an extensive collection of stuffed native 
birds. Books. — See Libraries. Coins. 

— The collection of Thomas Cleneay is 
said to be the most costly, most numer- 
ous, and most valuable in the United 
States. Joseph Tilton also has a large 
collection on which considerable money 
and many years' time have been spent. 
Fossils. — -The largest private collection 
in this country is that of Paul Mohr, 
The collection of C. B. Dyer is note- 
worthy for its variety, and that of S. A, 
Miller for its arrangement. A valuable 
collection was presented to the University 
of Cincinnati by Robert Clarke. Indian 
Relics, — ■ See Stone, etc,, below. Insects. 

— A most beautiful collection of butter- 
flies, moths, and beetles is the property 
of Charles Dury of Avondale, who has 
also a fine collection of other insects, and 
stuffed animals, birds, and fishes. V. T. 
Chambers of Covington is said to be one 
of the most scientific of American ento- 
mologists, and has a useful collection re- 
lating to entomology. Medical Museums 
can be seen at the various medical colleges 
and at the Cincinnati Hospital. Natural 
History Specimens. — See Natural His- 
tory Society, Cuvier Club, and Zoologi- 
cal Society. Paintings. — See Art. 
Shells. — A beautiful and varied collec- 
tion owned by Prof. A. G. Wetherby of 
Avondale. Statuary. — See Art, Mer- 
cantile Library, and St. Peter's Cathedral. 
Stone and Flint Implements, Orna- 
ments, etc. — Two of the most valuable 



and largest private collections of this 
class in the West are owned in this city 
by Thomas Cleneay and H. H. Hill. 
Another collection belongs to Florien 
Giauque of Glendale. 

Musical Club, the, composed of 
leading local musicians, professional and 
amateur, and a number of gentlemen 
prominent as patrons of music. It was 
organized in 1876, and has about 75 mem- 
bers. The purpose of the club is the 
cultivation of classical and modern 
chamber-music and the promotion of 
good feeling and harmony among mu- 
sicians. The club meets weekly in the 
rooms of the Literary Club. 

Musical Societies are almost innu- 
merable; and it would be impracticable to 
mention all of them. Those, however, 
that have a regular place of meeting, and 
hold regular meetings, may be noticed 
here, viz.: Alert Singing Club, A. P. A. 
Mannerchor, Odd Fellows' Mannerchor, 
Herwegh (Polish) Mannerchor, Cincin- 
nati Mannerchor, St. Cecilia Mannerchor, 
Germania Mannerchor, Schweizer Man- 
nerchor, Cincinnati Choral Society, Cin- 
cinnati Music Club, the Orpheus, Druiden 
Sangerchor, Harmonic Society, Harugari 
Mannerchor, Oneida Singing Club, 
Turner Mannerchor, and the College 
Choir. Most of these societies are noticed 
under their appropriate heads elsewhere. 

Music-hall and Exposition Build- 
ing is one of the chief ornaments of the 
city, and one in which the citizens have 
reason to take the greatest pride. It oc- 
cupies most of the block bounded by Elm, 
Fourteenth, Plum, and Grant Streets, 
and faces Washington Park. The build- 
ing is of brick, in the modernized Gothic 
style. The whole front on Elm Street is 
402 feet; 95 feet being given to each of 
the Exposition buildings, and 178 feet 4 
inches to the Music Hail. The widest 
part of the building is 316 feet. The 
highest point is the pinnacle of the front 
gable, — 150 feet above the sidewalk. The 
buildings are so arranged that they can 
be used separately or together, and the 
upper stories so that they can be con- 
nected by bridges. In these buildings is 
the grand Music Hall, 112 feet wide and 
192 feet long, having a stage 112 feet 
wide by 56 feet deep. In the Music Hall 
there are 4,428 seats, and standing-room 
for 3,000 persons, beside which the stage 
will accommodate 1,500. In this hall is 
the great organ, described elsewhere. 
Over the vestibule is Dexter Hall, named 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CTNCTNNATI. 



55 



in honor of Julius Dexter, the chairman 
of the building committee. This hall is 
112 by 46 feet, 30 feet high. The wings 
are known as the Exposition Buildings; 
but they are used for various purposes 
when the exposition season is over, and 
part of them will probably be used by 
the Women's Art Museum Association. 
The whole cost of the building will be 
about $500,000; of which sum Reuben R. 
Springer has given $235,000, — and by 
reason of this munificence the building is 
often called Springer Music Hall, — and 
citizens have contributed the balance. 
The whole property is managed by the 
Music-hall Association referred to below. 
Horse-cars, — Elm-street line passes the 
building, and the Vine-street line within 
two squares. 

Music-hall Association, the Cin- 
cinnati, war. organized in December, 
1875, to build and control the Music Hall 
described above. Reuben R. Springer 
in May of that year had offered $125,000 
towards the building of a music-hall, 
provided the citizens would contribute an 
equal sum, and the city would permit the 
hall to be erected on public ground. 
These conditions were fulfilled, and the 
association organized as follows: The 
whole subscribers to the fund selected 
fifty of their number to form a joint-stock 
company, and to hold one share of stock 
of the par value of $20. A shareholder 
cannot sell his share to anybody not first 
approved by the trustees ; and at his 
death the share reverts to the association, 
to be at once put into the hands of a suit- 
able person. The shareholders can hold 
only one share each; and they elect 
seven trustees, — one being elected every 
year to serve seven years. The Music 
Hall and the Exposition Buildings which 
have since been added must be rented as 
low as will keep them in repair No profit 
can be made, and no trustee is permitted 
to receive any compensation. The presi- 
dent of the association is Joseph Long- 
worth, and the secretary J. F. Blackburn. 

Narrow-gauge Railroads. — Three 
narrow-gauge railroads enter Cincinnati. 
Cincinnati &* Eastern is the longest 
line, and reaches Sardinia in Brown 
County. Cars start from the Little 
Miami Depot. Passengers change cars 
at Batavia Junction, eight miles from the 
depot, to the narrow-gauge track, which 
passes through Newtown and Batavia to 
Sardinia. College-hill Narrow-gange 
begins at Winton Place, and runs through 



College Hill to Mt. Pleasant. Passen- 
gers lake cars at the C. H. & D. Depot. 
Wcstivood Narrow-gauge begins at 
Ernst Station, where it has a depot; but 
down-town passengers take the cars at 
the C. H. & D. Depot, and change at 
Ernst. The road runs eight miles west 
to Westwood, or Cheviot. 

National Banks. — See Banks. 

National Insurance Co. of Cincin- 
nati was chartered in 1851. It has a cash 
capital of $100,000, and assets of $145,000. 
Its entire premium receipts have amount- 
ed to $1,311,118; its losses to $831,309. 
The business includes fire, marine, and 
inland insurance. The office, which is 
probably the most neatly furnished of 
those of the local insurance companies, 
is at 69 West Third Street. Judge John 
Burgoyne has been president since the 
company was organized, excepting three 
years while he was judge of the probate 
court of Hamilton County. Henry Ur- 
ner has been secretary of the company 
since 1854. The president and secretary 
of the National have been longer in the 
insurance business in this city than any 
one now engaged in it, excepting John 
W. Hartwell, of the Enterprise Insur- 
ance Co., Judge Burgoyne beginning in 
1844, and Mr. Urner in 1846. The cash 
dividends paid by the National will aver- 
age 11 per cent. 

National Lafayette and Bank of 
Commerce was organized under the 
present name in 1879. It is virtually a 
consolidation of the National Bank of 
Commerce, established in 1876, and the 
Lafayette Bank established in 1832. The 
capital paid in is $400,000, and the de- 
posits about $1,800,000. The bank is 
situated at No. 20 West Third Street, 
and part of its rooms are occupied by the 
Safe Deposit Co. Wm. A. Goodman is 
president, Henry Peachey vice-president, 
Wm. J. Dunlap cashier, and Charles J. 
Stedman assistant cashier. The directors 
are John Shillito, A. D. Bullock, A. H. 
Andrews, R. A. Holden, S. H. Burton, 
H. Peachey, and Wm. A. Goodman. 

National Theatre is the oldest and 
one of the largest theatres in the city. 
Many years it was the only theatre Cin- 
cinnati had, and on its boards have trod 
the greatest actors that ever visited this 
section. It is situated on the east side of 
Sycamore Street, between Third and 
Fourth, and its inconvenient location has 
caused its disuse for several years past. 



56 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



It was opened in September, 1879, by W. 
L. Allen, with minstrel performances; 
but a dramatic company with "stars" 
each week is promised. 

Natural History, the Cincinnati 
Society of, comprising about 200 gentle- 
men of scientific attainments, has an 
endowment of $50,000. The museum of 
the society is filled with rare and inter- 
esting objects, fossils, skeletons, minerals, 
shells, and other natural-history and 
geological specimens. The building is 
owned by the society, and situated at 
No. 108 Broadway. It is open free to 
the public on Saturdays between the 
hours of 10 o'clock a.m. and 4 p.m., but 
strangers introduced by members can see 
the collections at other times. 

New Jerusalem Church, south-west 
cor. of Fourth and John Streets. The 
church has recently been remodelled, and 
has some claims to architectural beauty. 
The religious principles enunciated by 
Emmanuel Swedenborg are taught. The 
congregation numbers about four hun- 
dred. The church has a fine library of 
the works of Swedenborg and other 
writers on the dogmas of the church, 
which is open to the public. 

Newport is south-east of Cincinnati, 
and connected with it by the Louisville 
Short-line Bridge across the Ohio, and is 
connected with Covington by a bridge 
across the Licking River. It is virtually 
a suburb of Cincinnati, although a city 
of Kentucky. The population is about 
20,000. It is built on an elevated plain, 
commanding a fine view, and has numer- 
ous shade-trees. It is said to have an 
admirable water-works system, and excel- 
lent water. It is sought mainly by busi- 
ness-men of Cincinnati as a dwelling- 
place by reason of its pure air and pleas- 
ant surroundings. Horse-cars run to 
and from Newport to Fountain Square, 
fare 10 cents. 

Newsboys' Home. — A branch of 
the Union Bethel, where homeless boot- 
blacks and newsboys are furnished free 
lodgings, baths, and cheap meals, 10 cents 
being the full price. 

Newspapers (daily).— The three 
great English morning papers of Cincin- 
nati are the " Gazette," " Enquirer," 
and " Commercial," all of which are 
printed from stereotype-plates. " The 
Gazette" was established in 1793, and 
was the first newspaper published in the 



North-west Territory. A bound volume 
of " The Centinel," as the forerunner of 
" The Gazette" was named, for the year 
1793, is in possession of the Historical 
and Philosophical Society. Since the 
year 1826 "The Gazette" has been a 
daily paper. It has a very large circula- 
tion, and that of the weekly is said to 
exceed any other political paper published 
in the West. It is Republican in politics. 
It has the fastest and most complete 
printing-machinery in the world, and the 
first machinery of the kind that was built. 
A single perfecting-press, with a folding- 
attachment, is capable of printing, cut- 
ting, pasting in book-form, and folding 
ready for mailing, 30,000 eight-page papers 
per hour. It is also capable of printing a 
16-page paper, — the size of "The New 
York Herald's " pages, in a single sheet. 
This marvel of printing-machinery is 
open to public inspection on Tuesday 
mornings, between the hours of 8 and 10 
o'clock, at which time the weekly edition 
is being printed. "The Gazette" also 
prints a semi-weekly. Office, south-east 
cor. of Sixth and Vine Streets. Richard 
Smith is the chief editor. " The En- 
quirer," the largest daily, both in size and 
in extent of circulation, has been in ex- 
istence about 40 years, and is a Demo- 
cratic newspaper. It has made a great 
advance in popularity and influence by 
reason of its enterprise in gathering news 
from all parts of the world. The print- 
ing-machinery consists of three perfect- 
ing-presses, each having a capacity of 
15,000 papers per hour, and a number of 
folding-machines. " The Enquirer " pub- 
lishes a weekly paper, having a large cir- 
culation. Office, 247 Vine Street. The 
chief editor is John R. McLean, who is 
also of the firm of Faran & McLean, the 
proprietors of " The Enquirer." "The 
Commercial " was established in 1842, 
and has been a very successful paper. It 
is independent in its political views, but 
generally supports the Republican candi- 
dates for National and State legislative 
and executive offices. Its daily circula- 
tion is very large. Its printing-machinery 
consists of two Web perfecting-presses, 
capacity 15,000 per hour each, and a suf- 
ficient number of folding-machines. The 
principal editor and owner of " The Com- 
mercial " is Murat Halstead. Office, 
north-east cor. of Fourth and Race 
Streets. The evening English dailies are 
the " Star" and " Times." " The Star" 
is an eight-page paper of same size and 
form as " The Gazette," being a quarto 
sheet of 48 coiunins, It is printed from 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



57 



stereotype-plates, on the fast Bullock 
perfecting-press, capable of a speed of 
20,000 per hour. It prints four editions 
daily. " The Star " is independent in 
politics. It has a good weekly, which is 
also an eight-page quarto sheet. Lewis 
A. Leonard, editor and business man- 
ager. Office, 230 Walnut Street. " The 
Times" is a large folio paper, furnished 
at five cents per copy, but only 12 cents a 
week. It was established by Calvin W. 
Starbuck, 30 years ago, but is now owned 
by a joint-stock company. It has been 
uniformly successful. Since the forma- 
tion ol the Republican party, " The 
Times" has been one of its acknowledged 
organs. The circulation of the weekly, 
which is in a measure devoted to agricul- 
ture, is very large. In August, 1829, the 
size was enlarged to nine columns on each 
of the four large pages. Henry P. Boy- 
den is managing editor. Office on Third 
Street, bet. Vine and Walnut. The Ger- 
man dailies are the " Volksblatt," "Volks- 
freund," " Freie Presse," and "Abend 
Post." The " Volksblatt" has the largest 
circulation, and is independent in politics. 
It has improved machinery, and is printed 
from stereotype-plates. It is owned by a 
joint-stock company. Frederick Hassau- 
rek is the chief editor. Office 269 Vine 
Street, bet. Sixth and Seventh. The 
" Volksfreund" is the German Democrat- 
ic organ. It was established in 1850, 
and is owned and edited by Henry 
Haacke. The circulation of the daily, 
weekly, and Sunday editions is large. 
The office is No. 209 Vine Street. The 
" Freie Presse," daily and weekly, is a 
Republican paper of good circulation 
and considerable merit. It is the rival of 
the " Volksblatt" among German Repub- 
licans, and its influence is increasing. It 
is published by A. Torges, jun., at the 
north-east cor. of Vine and Canal Streets. 
The "Freie Presse" also publishes an 
evening edition, called the " Tagliche 
Abend Presse." The " Abend Post " is 
an evening daily, Republican in politics, 
published at No. 342 Main Street, by 
Jcup & Raberg. It has been established 
about two years. Of the above dailies, 
the "Gazette," "Commercial," "En- 
quirer," "Times," "Volksblatt," and 
"Volksfreund" are members of the As- 
sociated Press, and use the despatches 
furnished by that organization. The 
" Star," " Freie Presse," and " Abend 
Post " use the National Associated Press 
despatches, which are furnished by the 
Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Co. 
"The Cincinnati Law Bulletin" is a 



small daily devoted to the needs of the 
legal profession. It is published at No. 
17 West Eighth Street. 

Newspapers and Periodicals pub- 
lished in Cincinnati, according to the 
City Directory for 1879, exclusive of 
the dailies mentioned elsewhere, are as 
follows: 37 English weeklies, 12 German 
weeklies, 1 semi-weekly, 57 monthlies, 5 
semi-monthlies, and 2 quarterlies. They 
are devoted to almost every conceivable 
interest, and are of all sizes and at all 
prices. Newspapers and periodicals can 
be obtained of J. R. Hawley, 164 Vine 
Street; Perry & Morton, 162 Vine Street; 
Alfred Warren, 219 Central Avenue; and 
the Cincinnati News Co., 181 Race 
Street. 

Nourse, Miss Clara E. — For 19 
years Miss Nourse's family and day 
school has been recognized as one of the 
worthy educational institutions of Cincin- 
nati. In 1879 its location was removed 
to 166 West Seventh Street, where it oc- 
cupies the " Cochnower House," one of 
the finest residences in the central portion 
of the city. The school comprises an Eng- 
lish department and a French depart- 
ment. It is conducted by Miss Nourse, 
assisted by 14 competent teachers. The 
boarding-pupils are received into the 
family residence of Miss Nourse on Park 
Avenue, Walnut Hills, and are conveyed 
to and from the school in a private omni- 
bus. Part of the first floor of the school- 
building is occupied by Miss Goodman's 
kindergarten. 

Observatory, the Cincinnati, is 
situated on a four-acre lot on Mt. Look- 
out, and is now a department of the Uni- 
versity of Cincinnati. Here is placed 
the celebrated Mitchel telescope, one 
of the most perfect instruments in the 
world. The focal length is 16 feet ; and 
the diameter of the object-glass is n 
inches, having magnifying powers vary- 
ing from 100 to 1,400 times. A regular 
course of instruction in mathematics and 
astronomy is given, with practical ap- 
plications of the principles studied. H. 
T. Eddy is the professor of astronomy 
and mathematics, and Ormond Stone the 
resident astronomer. The observatory 
may be reached by private conveyance, 
or by the Elm-street line of horse-cars 
connecting with the Mt. Lookout steam 
dummy. See Astronomical Society. 

Obstetrical Society, the Cincin- 
nati, composed of prominent obstetri- 



58 ICING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



cians, holds monthly meetings at the 
homes of members. The society is limited 
to twenty members. Dr. J. W. Under- 
bill is president. 

Odd Fellows, Independent Order 
of. — There are 32 lodges of this order in 
this city, composed of some 6,000 mem- 
bers. They have a revenue of over 
$60,000, and assets invested in govern- 
ment bonds and other property amount- 
ing to over $300,000. The beautiful Odd 
Fellows' Temple, on the cor. of Fourth 
and Home Streets, cost over $90,000, be- 
sides which the order has !h different 
parts of the city 14 lodge-rooms fitted 
up and furnished in handsome and appro- 
priate style. Ohio Lodge No. 1, insti- 
tuted in 1830, was the first lodge west of 
Pittsburg, and is the parent lodge in the 
State of Ohio, in which there are 630 
lodges, and nearly 45,000 members. 
In addition to the lodges, there are 15 
encampments, having over 1,600 mem- 
bers, with investments valued at over 
$50,000. 

The 32 lodges are: Ohio, 1; Washing- 
ton, 2; Cincinnati, 3; Franklin, 4; Wm. 
Penn, 56; Magnolia, 83: Eagle, 100; 
Fidelity, 71 ; Fulton, 112; Germania, 113 ; 
Metropolitan, 142; Woodward, 149; Mo- 
hawk, 150; American, 170; Palmetto, 
175; Crystal Fount, 176; Teutonia, 177; 
Vulcan, 178; Hermann, 208; Queen City, 
229; Mill-creek, 249; Humboldt, 274; 
North-western, 296 ; Wm. Tell, 335; 
Losanteville,336; Spencer, 347; Eclipse, 
348; Nathan Stewart, 388; Kirkup, 401 ; 
Globe, 470; Moltke, 473; Fairmount, 
480. The 15 encampments are: Wildey, 
t: Washington, 9; Cincinnati, 22; Man- 
ketewah, 32; Schiller, 42; Philadelphon, 
53: Hermann, 66: Charter Oak, 77; An- 
derson, 85; Wm. Tell, 109; Walnut Hills, 
117; Covenant, 124; Mozart, 161 ; Ohio, 
178; Pioneer, 37. In addition to the 
Halls at Fourth and Home Streets, the 
14 lodge-rooms are: Eagle Hall, south- 
west cor. Eighth Street and Central Ave- 
nue; Wm. Penn Hall, north-east cor. 
Eighth Street and Central Avenue; Globe 
Hall, Ninth Street and Central Avenue; 
Magnolia Hall, Sixth and Walnut ; Queen- 
city Hall, Eighth and Freeman Streets: 
Vulcan Hall, Martin Street; ?\ilton Hall, 
Eastern Avenue: Spencer Hall, Eastern 
Avenue; Germania Hall, Court Street; 
Kirkup Hall, cor. Curtis and Gilbert 
Avenue; Moltke Hall, Freeman Street; 
Mill-creek Hall, Cumminsville; Nathan 
Stewart Hall, Twenty-first Ward; Fideli- 
ty Hall, Clinton and Cutter Streets. 



Ohio, one of the five States into which 
the North-west Territory was divided, 
and of which Cincinnati is the metropo- 
lis, contains 39,964 square miles, and in 
1870 had a population of 2,665,260 per- 
sons. The first permanent settlement 
was made near the mouth of the Mus- 
kingum River by a party of 47 persons, 
mostly New-Englanders, under the lead- 
ership of Gen. Rufus Putnam, son of 
Israel Putnam of Revolutionary fame. 
They started on their long journey in 
the autumn of 1787, and reached their 
destination in the spring of the follow- 
ing year. The little town was named 
Marietta, in honor of Marie Antoinette, 
the unfortunate wife of Louis XVI. 
From this time the immigration, chiefly 
from the New-England States, was so 
constant, that in 1802 Ohio was admitted 
to the Union. Ohio is 210 miles from 
north to south, 200 miles from east to 
west, has a navigable frontier on the 
south, through the windings of the Ohio 
River, of 430 miles, has a lake shore on 
the north of 200 miles, and in 1875 ranked 
as the third State in population, wealth, 
and power. The word Ohio, which is of 
Indian origin, is said to mean " beauti- 
ful." It is also said to mean " bloody " 
and " white." The State is universally 
known as the Buckeye State. 

Ohio College of Dental Surgery, 
established in 1845. The building is on 
the west side of College Street, bet. Sixth 
and Seventh" Streets. The regular ses- 
sion each year commences in October, 
and ends in March. Fees: lectures, 
$75; matriculation, $5; demonstrator of 
anatomy, $5; graduation, $20. A Spring 
session is also held, for which the fees 
are $30 additional. The branches taught 
are clinical dentistry, mechanical den- 
tistry, anatomy, physiology, histology, 
pathology, therapeutics, chemistry, mi- 
croscopy, operative dentistry, and hy- 
giene. H. A. Smith is dean. 

Ohio Mechanics' Institute, on the 
south-west cor. of Sixth and Vine Streets. 
The Institute was incorporated in 1829. 
From a small beginning, it encountered 
many drawbacks and difficulties from 
debt, but is now, and has been for years, 
on a solid foundation, owning the valua- 
ble building devoted to its uses. A large 
portion of the immense library it once 
possessed has been transferred to the 
Public Library. Five managers of the 
Industrial Exposition are chosen from 
the Ohio Mechanics' Institute. Besides 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



59 



the rooms devoted to the uses of the In- 
stitute in their large building, there is a 
public hall, known as Greenwood Hall, 
occupying the entire third story. The 
ground-floor is rented for business pur- 
poses. The structure is of Gothic archi- 
tecture, 90 by 75 feet, and 100 feet high. 
It is an ornament to the city. 

Ohio Medical College Dispensary, 
one of the great charities of the city, is 
located in the building of the Medical 
College of Ohio. All sick persons who 
apply are supplied with medicines, and 
treated free of charge. An hour or more 
is devoted each day to this great humane 
work by the faculty of the college. From 
6,000 to 8,000 patients are treated annu- 
ally. During the lecture-season students 
of the college are admitted to the clinic, 
but the dispensary is open every day 
during the year. 

Ohio River, upon the banks of which 
Cincinnati is situated, is one of the most 
important rivers of the United States, 
and is formed by the confluence of the 
Alleghany and Monongahela Rivers at 
Pittsburg, Penn., whence it flows in a 
south-westerly direction, dividing Ohio, 
Indiana, and Illinois, on the right, from 
Virginia and Kentucky on the left. Its 
entire length is 950 miles, and it enters 
the Mississippi River 1,216 miles from 
the mouth of the latter river. Its most 
important tributaries are the Wabash, 
Cumberland, Muskingum, Kanawha, 
Kentucky, and Tennessee. Its medium 
breadth is 1,800 feet, and opposite Cin- 
cinnati its elevation above the level of 
the sea is 414 feel. The navigable waters 
of the Ohio and its tributaries are esti- 
mated at 5,000 miles; and the extent of 
area drained at 200,000 square miles. 

Old Men's Home. — A. M. Taylor 
of New Jersey left $10,000 for a home for 
aged and indigent men, provided $50,000 
more should be raised for the same pur- 
pose. To secure this an organization 
was effected, and a canvass for subscrip- 
tions begun and carried through success- 
fully, the work being done almost wholly 
by Edward Sargent. In 1879 an ar " 
rangement was made with the trustees 
of the Widows' Home and Asylum for 
Aged and Indigent Women to erect a 
building supplying the needs of both in- 
stitutions. (See Widows' and Old Men's 
Home.) The trustees are John Shillito, 
Anthony H. Hinkle, and Edward Sar- 
gent. 



Old Streets, Boundaries, and 
Incidents. — In the winter of 1831-32 
a flood submerged the whole lower level 
of the city. Water rose to the second 
stories of the highest houses on Front 
Street. Steamboats passed through Sec- 
ond, at that time Columbia Street. A 
large number of the original citizens lived 
near the river; and it was not until the 
" miserable Yankees " came, and made a 
fuss about fever and ague, " and such 
aboriginal invigorators," that people who 
were " anybody " lived on the hill, — 
say Fourth Street. Front Street, from 
Walnut west to Elm, was lined by beauti- 
ful homes. The wharf was the meet- 
ing-place, especially Sunday morning. 
There the best townsmen exchanged the 
news, took a quiet "nip" at the "Or- 
leans Coffee-house" situated just east of 
Main Street on the Public Wharf, and 
surrounded by a large open garden, and 
thence went to church. Joseph Darr, 
the proprietor of the coffee-house, is now 
living in comfortable abundance, the 
owner of the large mansion south-east 
cor. Seventh and Race. The chief busi- 
ness-streets were Main and Lower Mar- 
ket, now East Pearl. Pearl Street was 
opened in 1832; and at what is now its 
intersection with Main, stood a large 
tavern, with a large wagon-yard into 
which teamsters drove. This tavern was 
bought from Daniel Home by merchants, 
who built a row of four-story brick stores, 
thought at the time to be the finest in 
Amer'ca, some of which are still standing 
on the north side of the street. The 
projectors of this first great commercial 
enterprise were Goodman & Emerso;., 
Carlisle & White, J. D. & C. Jones, C. 
& J. Bates, Foote & Bowler, Blachly & 
Simpson, Reeves & McLean, David 
Griffin, and John R. Coram. Pearl 
Street, west of Walnut, was opened in 
1844. Fifth Street, except from Main to 
Vine, was occupied by cheap residences; 
and a wooden market-house filled the 
space now occupied by the Esplanade. 
About 1833 Broadway and East Fourth 
began to be pretentious as desirable resi- 
dence streets. Prior to 1841 Fourth 
Street west of Walnut, as far as Plum, 
was a beautiful street. In 1841 improve- 
ments were made west of Plum, and 
gradually reached the " fence " which 
ended the street at what is now Wood 
Street. In 1832 Columbia, now Second 
Street, was merely a dirty creek, crossed 
by wooden bridges at all intersections 
west of Walnut. No business of impor- 
tance was done west of Main. The 



6o 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



wharfage was between Main and Broad- 
way, and even as late as 1846 the wharf- 
space was a great mud-hole, sprinkled 
with coarse gravel. All transportation 
was done by river, by canal, or by coun- 
try wagons. As late as 1842 the Little 
Miami R.R. opened the State of Ohio, 
and about 1848 the Madison & Indian- 
apolis R. R. the State of Indiana. In 
1840 streets beyond the canal were sim- 
ply unmacadamized roadways. Central 
Avenue was then Western Row, which 
north of Court Street ran through pas- 
tures. Nearly every family kept a cow; 
and the cows were driven to the pastures 
in the morning, and were turned loose to 
wander home .u night to be milked in the 
alleys and side-yards. The great charac- 
teristics of a city were not to be seen in 
Cincinnati until about 1848, when a 
" hog-law " drove those " first scaven- 
gers " from the streets. Ash-piles were 
condemned, and the city supplied with 
water and gas. Most of the houses were 
cheaply built, and but few men kept 
carriages. There were only a few 
schools worthy of note. The merchants 
often entertained customers at their 
homes, and the general habits of pioneer 
simplicity prevailed. Turnpikes from 
the city were built between 1834 and 1840, 
and many of the citizens of to-day re- 
member the mud-roads to Walnut Hills. 
Prior to 1840 Ciifton was unknown. 
Cumminsville, now the 25th ward, and 
Camp Washington, now the 24th ward, 
were all farms. The " sports " gathered 
at a mile race-track, south of the old 
Brighton House, where the John-street 
horse-car stables are. The principal 
drives were up the river-bank to " Cor- 
bin's," or down to old Joe Harrison's 
place. Only occasional pleasure-parties 
ascended the hills, and then chiefly to- 
wards Cleves. The " down-river " road 
found all the fast horses, and Joe Harrison 
gave them good cheer. A few elegant 
homes, some yet in good condition, lined 
the hill-side of the road which was 
approached by Front Street, and by a 
road, the Sixth Street of the present 
time. West of Western Row, Sixth 
Street was not improved much earlier 
than 1840. A great orchard stood on a 
high bank west of Park Street ; milk- 
yards and brick-kilns generally occupied 
that locality. The pioneers of wealth in 
that street were Abraham M. Taylor, 
who recently gave $10,000 towards the 
Old Men's Home, James Taylor, Wil- 
liam Neff, J. P. Tweed, Ambrose Dud- 
ley, Pollock Wilson, H, W. Derby, and 



others. The great Barr Estate was north 
of Sixth Street, and was subdivided after 
1843, and the Hunt or Pendleton Estate 
at the head of Broadway about 1846. . In 
that neighborhood few houses were seen. 
The pork-houses were on Sycamore and 
Canal Streets; the wholesale dry-goods 
houses, on Pearl and Main Streets; 
and the large grocery houses, on Main, 
Front, and Pearl Streets. Such is a 
faint outline of what the great city of 
Cincinnati was only forty years ago. — 
From Notes 0/ Geo. W. Jones. 

Orphan Asylums. — See Boys' Pro- 
tectory, Children's Home, Cincinnati 
Orphan Asylum, Colored Orphan Asy- 
lum, German Protestant Orphan Asy- 
lum, Newsboys' Home, St. Aloysius's 
Orphan Asylum, St. Peter's and St. Jo- 
seph's Orphan Asylum, — all noticed in 
their alphabetical places. 

Opera- Houses. — See Amusements. 

Ophthalmic and Aural Institute, 
connected with the Pulte Medical Col- 
lege, is devoted to the homoeopathic treat- 
ment of diseases of the eye and ear. The 
poor are treated free of charge. 

Orangemen. — There are about eighty 
active Orangemen in the city. They 
constitute the True Blue Lodge, which 
meets semi-monthly at Odd-Fellows' Hall, 
north-east cor. of Fourth and Home 
Streets. 

Organ, the Great, in Music Hall, is 
one of the largest and finest in the world. 
It was built in Boston, but the artistic 
screen of wild cherry was designed and 
carved by residents of Cincinnati. It is 

60 feet high, 50 feet front, 30 feet deep. 
It has 96 registers, 6,237 pipes, 32 bells, 
14 pedal-movements, and 4 keyboards of 

61 notes each. Its cash cost was $32,000. 
A description with illustrations, in pam- 
phlet form, edited by George Ward Nich- 
ols, is for sale by the superintendent of the 
hall, price 10 cents. The organ can be 
visited week-days from 4 to 6 P.M. An 
organ concert, by George E. Whiting, 
takes place Wednesday and Saturday 
afternoons at 2^ o'clock; admission, 25 
cents. 

Orphan Asylum, the Cincinnati, 

the oldest charity of the kind in the West, 
was chartered in 1833. It is situated at 
Mt. Auburn, and is conducted by ladies, 
but its finances are managed by gentle- 
men. The institution is Protestant, but 
not sectarian, and is supported by an 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



61 



endowment-fund, subscriptions, and con- 
tributions. The policy of the manage- 
ment differs somewhat from that of other 
orphan-asylums, in that it aims to secure 
greater chances of usefulness and respec- 
tability to the children, by keeping them 
in the institution longer than they are 
usually kept, and by giving them the 
benefits of a common-school education. 
A kindergarten, which had 30 children 
last year, is attached to the institution; 
and the older children attend regularly 
the public school on Mt. Auburn, the 
average number of the latter being 70. 
Between school-hours and during vaca- 
tion the children are trained in domestic 
work. About 17,000 children have been 
cared for by this institution since its 
organization. Mrs. Catharine Bates is 
president, Mrs. Aaron F. Perry vice- 
president, Mrs. John R. Wright record- 
ing secretary. 

Orpheus, the Cincinnati, a musical 
association having about 100 members 
of both sexes. Weekly practice-meetings 
are held in the hall of the German Mutual 
Insurance Co.'s building, at the south- 
west corner of Twelfth and Walnut 
Streets. 

Out-door Poor, so called because 
they cannot be admitted to the Infirmary. 
They are widows with families, and men 
out of work, whose families would sufier 
if not relieved by the city authorities. 
They are supplied with a limited amount 
of provisions and coal, on certificates 
issued by the sanitary police detailed for 
the purpose. The city is divided into 12 
poor-districts. Provisions are issued 
from the Infirmary office, on Plum Street, 
between Seventh and Eighth Streets. 

Overseers of the Poor. — Formerly 
the " out-door poor " had their wants at- 
tended to by a board of 25 overseers, one 
from each ward, at a salary of $600 each 
per annum. These overseers have been 
discontinued, and their duty devolved 
upon the sanitary police. 

" Over-the-Rhine " is a name desig- 
nating the district lying in the angle 
formed by the "elbow" of the canal, 
east of Plum Street, north of Canal or 
Eleventh Street, and south of the north- 
ern circle of hills. It contains part of 
the 9th, the 7th, 10th, nth, and 13th 
wards. It is the most densely popu- 
lated portion of the city, and is inhabited 
by about 25,000 persons, almost exclu- 
sively Germans, and Americans of Ger- 



man descent. Music flail is situated in 
this district. Innumerable variety-shows, 
beer-gardens, and other places of amuse- 
ment and recreation, are in its precincts. 
It is a famous place of resort at all times, 
but especially on Sunday, for those who 
love excitement and beer. There is no 
sabbath " Over-the-Rhine." Nearly all 
the business-houses are kept open seven 
days in the week, and many saloons all 
night. 

Painters. — A. W. Corwine, a minia- 
ture-painter, was, about 1820. the first 
artist of ability wbose name occurs in the 
annals of Cincinnati; a few years after- 
ward came Thomas Dawson ; and about 
20 years ago William Miller was a minia- 
ture-painter, well remembered by many 
of the present generation of Cincin- 
natians. A. Hervieu, who accompanied 
Fanny Wright on her second journey to 
this country, became a resident of the 
city, and was probably the first histori- 
cal and landscape painter in the West. 
One of his large paintings was " The 
Landing of Lafayette in Cincinnati in 
1825." All traces of this painting have 
been lost, but it is believed to have been 
taken to Europe. Hervieu was em- 
ployed by Mrs. Frances Trollope; and 
only a few years ago his decorations could 
yet be seen on the panels of the doors of 
her country-house now standing on the 
south-west cor. of McMicken Ave. and 
Dunlap Street. In the early part of the 
decade of 1830-40, James H. Beard be- 
gan painting portraits, and tried various 
branches of art, until in 1846 he moved 
to New York; but since that time he has 
resided for short periods in this city, 
where Frank Beard, his son, did his first 
work. Miner K. Kellogg, and William 
H. Powell, the painter of" De Soto dis- 
covering the Mississippi River," were 
local contemporaries of Beard. E. Hall 
Martin, a native of this city, painted 
portraits and genre subjects. Thomas 
Buchanan Read, painter and poet, was 
one of the Cincinnati artists of 40 years 
ago; his first attempts being in 1839 in 
sculpture. Somewhat later than Read, 
W. I. Sonntag and W. W. Whittredge, 
known as Worthington Whittredge, made 
in Cincinnati their first efforts at land- 
scape-painting, and were prominent 
among the local artists until the decade 
of 1850-60. Joseph O. Eaton about the 
same time was the painter of many excel- 
lent portraits and other works; but, after 
spending some years here, he moved to 
New York. John R. Johnson, born in 



62 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Cincinnati, was also a contemporary, but 
remained to a later period until his re- 
moval to Baltimore. C. T. Webber, an- 
other of the same group, is still a resident 
of this city, where he has practised his 
profession for 30 years. His portrait of 
Gov. Charles Anderson is a noted speci- 
men of great skill. Edwin C. Cridland, 
a pupil of Beard, began here about 1850. 
John R. Tait, a native of this city, has 
spent most of his time in Europe, and, 
after short periods of residence in Cincin- 
nati, has become a resident of Baltimore. 
Mrs. Lily Martin Spencer was a well- 
known painter from 1850 to i860. About 
the same period there were R. S. Dun- 
canson, " a man of color as well as a col- 
orist," who was a landscape-painter, hav- 
ing a high. imaginative power; Charles 
R. Soule, the portrait-painter; and A. H. 
Wyant, who began about 1858; J. E. F. 
Hillen, an unrivalled sketcher of trees 
and foliage, and Fabronius, an equal 
master of heads, have a place in the 
record of artists in this city about i860; 
and G. Rossi, an Italian, was one of 
their contemporaries. Thomas C. Lind- 
say, a prolific landscape-artist, has pur- 
sued his industrious career in Cincinnati 
for at least 20 years Henry W. Kemp- 
er, a landscape-painter, lately returned 
after an absence of 15 years, was born 
here ; and Dwight Benton, now a resi- 
dent of Rome, dates his career as a land- 
scape-artist from the time of his residence 
in this city, about 1865. George Sharp- 
less, artist and cotton-merchant, was de- 
voted to landscape-painting for a few 
years in the present decade. John Au- 
brey has been engaged in painting por- 
traits for the past 20 years. About i860 
Theo. Jones was a noted local caricatur- 
rist; and William P. Noble, born here, 
was devoted to the same work, as well as 
to painting in water-colors. William 
Winter, 1860-70, merits special mention 
for prominence in water-color portraits. 
E. D. Grafton, now so well known, has 
for many years been a painter in water- 
colors and an unrivalled arabesque artist. 
A majority of the later artists were edu- 
cated at Munich. Franz Duveneck has 
acquired fame; and his works have been 
highly appreciated, especially in Boston. 
Henry Mosler has the honor of hav- 
ing some of his works admitted into 
the Paris Salon; and one of them was 
bought by the French Government for 
the Luxembourg Gallery. John Twacht- 
mann has left here, and gone to New 
York, where he has met with much suc- 
cess. Henry F. Farny is a resident art- 



ist, of varied talent. J. H. Decamp is 
now a student at Munich; and Frank 
Strobridge, after a short life full of prom- 
ise, died in 1879. Of the" Spanish-Roman 
Set," Alfred Brennan and Robert Blum 
are in New York; and Kenyon Cox is 
studying in Paris. Thomas S. Noble 
was a pupil of Couture, and is the painter 
of many works of merit. Among the 
many artists who have been here for 
brief periods were Eastman Johnson, F. 
C. Welsh, William M. Chase, Victor 
Nehlig, John Mulvany, Ira C. Dennis, 
and E. F. Andrews. 

Paris of America is a name really 
given to this city by " The Cincinnati 
Commercial." One Monday morning in 
the early part of 1878, in " The Commer- 
cial's " local columns, edited then and now 
by Edwin Henderson, appeared a long 
report of the varied and numerous amuse- 
ments taking place on the Sunday pre- 
ceding; and at the head of the report 
was the line " The Paris of America," — 
a phrase eminently suggestive of Sunday 
revelry, and which at once became popu- 
lar. Newspapers, railroads, shows, and 
advertisers have used it so much as an 
attractive catch-line, that it has become 
a generally recognized name for Cincin- 
nati. The term has been occasionally 
applied to Cincinnati for more than ten 
years, and originated from an address by 
Judge George Hoadly, when he prophe- 
sied that Cincinnati would be " a city fair 
to the sight, with a healthy public spirit, 
and high intelligence, sound to the core; 
a city with pure water to drink, pure air 
to breathe, spacious public grounds, wide 
avenues; a city not merely of much traf- 
fic, but of delightful homes ; a city of man- 
ufactures, wherein is made every prod- 
uct of art, — the needle-gun, the steam- 
engine, the man of learning, the woman 
of accomplishments; a city of resort for 
the money-profit of its dealings, and the 
mental and spiritual profit of its culture, 
— the Edinboro' of a new Scotland, the 
Boston of a new New England, the Paris 
of a new France." Shortly afterwards 
the phrase, " Paris of America," was ap- 
plied to Cincinnati ; and in " The Queen 
City," a history and guide of the city in 
1869, George E. Stevens says, " It has 
been no idle fancy that has styled Cincin- 
nati the ' Paris of America.' " 

Parks. — There are 9 public parks in 
the city limits; viz., Eden Park, Burnet- 
woods Park, Lincoln Park, Washington 
Park, Hopkins Park, Mt. Lookout Park, 



AVA'G'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



63 



Eighth-street Park, City Park, and Water- 
works Park: all of which are described 
in their alphabetical places. 

Pendleton. — That portion of the city 
lying on the river-front, at the base of 
the hills, south-east of Walnut Hills, and 
east of Fulton, extending to Sportsman's 
Hall, 35 miles from Fountain Square. 
It constitutes a portion of the 1st ward. 
At its eastern limit are the depots of the 
Columbia and Mt. Lookout steam dummy 
railroad. The Elm-street line of horse- 
cars connect with the dummy. The 
Little Miami R.R. also has a station 
here. 

Pharmaceutical ExaminingBoard 

consists of three members, appointed by 
the Court of Common Pleas. They are 
chosen from ten pharmacists nominated 
by the Cincinnati College of Pharmacy. 
The province of the board is to examine 
applicants in chemistry, materia medica, 
and pharmacy, so as to determine their 
qualifications as retail druggists and dis- 
pensing pharmacists. The board grants 
two certificates, — a first-grade certificate 
authorizing the holder to register before 
this board and conduct a retail drug- 
business; and a second-grade certificate, 
making the holder a " qualified assistant 
pharmacist." Holders of first-grade cer- 
tificates, and graduates of recognized col- 
leges of pharmacy, are registered; and 
by a law enacted in 1S73, and amended in 
1875, all persons in the retail drug-busi- 
ness must be registered. The examining- 
board holds sessions bi-monthly, in Feb- 
ruary, April, June, August, October, and 
December. 

Philosophical Society. — See His- 
torical and Philosophical Society of Ohio. 

Phoenix Club, the largest and most 
fashionable of the Israelite clubs. It 
occupies a fine building on the north-east 
cor. of Court Street and Central Avenue, 
to which the club removed when its 
former club-house on Walnut Street was 
torn down to make room for the new 
government buildings now being erected. 
The present building was remodelled in 
1874 at a cost of $60,000. It contains, 
besides a large hall for balls and parties, 
12 large social rooms, a restaurant, sup- 
per-room, billiard-rooms, library-room, 
and reading-room, the whole elegantly 
furnished. There are 240 members. 
Annual subscription, $60. 

Phoenix Insurance Co., of Hart- 
ford, Conn., justly deserves to be men- 



tioned in a history of Cincinnati. In 1G57 
a branch of the company was established 
in this city. This branch has always had 
full control of the whole Western busi- 
ness, except, in later years, that of the 
Pacific Coast. For the past 14 years it 
has occupied the same office, now over 
the Chamber of Commerce, 22 West 
Fourth Street; and in the spring of 1880 
it will take possession of the whole 
upper part of the fine building now being 
built for Thomas Emery's Sons, on the 
north-west cor. of Race and George 
Streets. The present general agent of the 
western branch-office, H. M. Magill, has 
been connected with the company for 
22 years. The Phoenix of Hartford, 
widely known as the " time-tried and 
fire-tested company," is one of the most 
successful American corporations, and 
one which has done much towards giving 
Hartford its reputation as a great insur- 
ance centre. The company was organ- 
ized in 1854, with a capital of $100,000; 
and, as only 10% was paid in, the total 
cash assets were $10,000. Jan. 1, 1879, 
the cash capital was $1,000,000, and the 
total assets $2,624,083. The losses paid 
by the Phoenix since its organization, 25 
years ago, amount to over $13,000,000; 
of which $1,223,219 were paid for losses 
in the two great fires in Chicago and 
Boston. 

Physicians, Surgeons, and Den- 
tists. — It often occurs that a stranger 
in a city has need of medical or surgical 
aid, and is timid about asking the advice 
of an acquaintance, or wants confidence 
in intrusting himself to practitioners un- 
known to him. For this reason the pub- 
lisher has given below the names of some 
practitioners who rank unquestionably 
among the most highly esteemed, the 
most successful, and the most trustworthy 
persons of their profession; and the pub- 
lisher wishes to state very clearly that no 
personal or pecuniary considerations 
whatever, directly or indirectly, have in- 
fluenced him in the selection of the names 
given. The men have already established 
their reputations by long residence and 
success, or by being intrusted with pro- 
fessorships at medical colleges and re- 
sponsible appointments at hospitals. It 
is necessary to add that the list is only a 
small part of the large number of emi- 
nently respectable and able physicians, 
surgeons, and dentists, and that there are 
many practitioners in this city, whose 
names are not given for want of space, 
who, in the judgment of the ablest ex- 



6 4 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



perts, rank equal in every particular to 
those whose names are found below. It 
is also necessary to warn a stranger likely 
to be influenced by advertisements, to 
keep away from the doctors who ad- 
vertise. For a person once getting into 
the hands of a quack — and quacks are 
numerous among ihe great advertisers in 
a profession — will very likely pay dearly 
for his experience. A person afflicted in 
any manner whatsoever can always safely 
intrust himself to the care of a regular 
practitioner in first-class standing; and 
to aid in finding such practitioners this 
list can be relied on. 

General Surgeons. — W. W. Dawson, 
professor of surgery and dean at the 
Medical College of Ohio, and Surgeon at 
the Good Samaritan Hospital. Office, 
north-west cor. Third and Broadway. 
W. H. Mussey, professor of surgery at 
the Miami Medical College, and surgeon 
at the Cincinnati Hospital; office, 70 
West Seventh. P. S. Conner, professor 
of anatomy and surgery at the Medical 
College of Ohio, and surgeon at the Cin- 
cinnati Hospital; office, 159 West Ninth 
Street. C. S. Muscroft, sen., surgeon at 
the Cincinnati Hospital and the St. Mary's 
Hospital; office, 335 John. N. Pendle- 
ton Dandridge, pathologist at the Cin- 
cinnati Hospital; office, 57 East Fourth 
Street. 

General Practitioners. — Wm. Car- 
son, physician at the Cincinnati Hospital; 
office, 53 East Fourth. C. G. Comegys, 
physician at the Cincinnati Hospital; 
office, 163 Elm. James T. Whittaker, 
professor of medicine at the Medical Col- 
lege of Ohio, and physician at the Good 
Samaritan Hospital; office, 100 West 
Eighth. Joshua W. Underhill, professor 
of materia medica and therapeutics at 
the Cincinnati College of Medicine and 
Surgery; office, 434 John Street. John 
A. Murphy, professor of medicine and 
dean of Miami Medical College, and 
physician at the Cincinnati Hospital; 
office, 163 West Seventh. William Clen- 
denin, professor of anatomy at the Miami 
Medical College, and formerly the health- 
officer of Cincinnati; office, 136 West 
Seventh. 

Gynecologists and Obstetricians. — 
Thaddeus A. Reamy, professor of obstet- 
rics and diseases of children at Medical 
College of Ohio, and gynaecologist at the 
Good Samaritan Hospital; office, 278 
West Fourth Street. Wm. H. Taylor, 
professor of obstetrics at the Miami Med- 
ical College, and obstetrician at the Cin- 
cinnati - Hospital; office. 329 West Seventh 



Street. C. D. Palmer, professor of dis- 
eases of women and gynaecology at the 
Medical College of Ohio; office south- 
east cor. Baymiller and Findlay. 

A urists and Oculists. — Elkanah Wil- 
liams, one of the most celebrated oculists 
in America, and professor of.ophthalmolo- 
gy at the Miami Medical College; office, 
64 West Seventh. W. W. Seely, professor 
of diseases of the eye and ear at the 
Medical College of Ohio, and ophthalmol- 
ogist at the Good Samaritan Hospital; 
office, south-east cor. of Fourth and Broad- 
way. Joseph Aub, professor of diseases 
of the eye and ear at the Cincinnati Col- 
lege of Medicine and Surgery, and oculist 
at the Cincinnati Hospital; office, 84 West 
Seventh. 

Homozopathists. — T. C. Bradford, 
who has practised homoeopathy in this 
city for more than twenty years; office, 
215 Race. J. D. Buck, professor of phys- 
iology and microscopy at the Pulte Med- 
ical College; office, 305 Race. S. R. 
Beckwith, a teacher of homoeopathy for 
more consecutive years than any person 
in this country, and for several years pro- 
fessor of surgery at the Pulte Medical 
College, and Cleveland Homoeopathic 
Hospital College; office, 161 West Sev- 
enth Street. 

Eclectic Practitioner. — A. J. Howe, 
professor of surgery at the Electic Medi- 
cal Institute; office, north-west cor. 
Fourth and Main. 

Dentists. — Jonathan Taft, author of 
several works on dentistry, and for many 
years dean of the Ohio College of Dental 
Surgery, and now professor of dentistry 
and dean of the dental college connected 
with the University of Michigan; office, 
117 West Fourth Street. James Taylor, 
professor of dentistry at the Ohio College 
of Dental Surgery; office, 171 Elm Street. 
L. P. Meredith, a dentist of long experi- 
ence and extensive practice, and author 
of several works on dentistry ; office, 197 
West Fourth Street. D. W. Clancey, 
clinical instructor at the Ohio College of 
Dental Surgery, north-east cor. Seventh 
and John Streets. 

Specialist iti Diseases of the Throat. 
— Bernard Tauber, professor of acoustics 
and anatomy of the ear and larynx at the 
College of Music; office, 157 West Ninth 
Street. 

Physio-Medical Institute, located 
on the north-west cor. of Seventh and 
Cutter Streets. The " doctrines of a vital 
force and the rejection of poisons are 
taught." 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Pike's Opera-House, in the massive 
building belonging to the estate ot' the 
late Samuel X. l'ike, on the south side of 
Fourth Street, bet. Walnut and Vine, is 
the most elegant hall in the city. It has 
a parquette, parquette-cirele, dress-circle, 
gallery, and four proscenium-boxes. The 
dress-circle has eight box-stalls on either 
side, next the stage, each seating four 
persons. The whole seating capacity is 
2,000. The hall is used for opera, dra- 
matic entertainments, concerts, lectures, 
and other transient shows. It is on the 
second floor, and is approached from 
Fourth Street by one wide and two 
narrow stairways. The building stands 
on the site of the old Pike's Opera-House, 
which was destroyed by fire in 1806. It 
is only one square south of Fountain 
Square, and is therefore easily accessible 
by all the street-railroad lines. 

Pioneer Association, the Cincin- 
nati, was organized in 1856 of ladies and 
gentlemen who had resided in Ohio prior 
to the 4th of July, 1812. Subsequently the 
limit for membership was changed to the 
year 1815. Quarterly business-meetings 
in March, June, September, and Decem- 
ber, are held in the Council Chamber of the 
City Building. On the 4th of July, the 
birthday of American Independence; on 
the 7th of April, the anniversary of the 
settlement of Ohio; and on the 28th of 
December, the recognized date of the set- 
tlement of Cincinnati, — on all those days 
the formal and festive gatherings and ex- 
cursions take place. Since the organiza- 
tion was formed, about 400 members have 
died, and their funerals were attended by 
the surviving members. There are now 
about 300 members; and the whole cost 
to each member for enrolment-fee and 
dues has been only $r. The president 
is Nicholas Goshorn; and the secretary 
is John D. Caldwell, who, although not 
by birth entitled to membership, is, how- 
ever, by adoption one of the most honored 
and active members, and has heid his 
present position for almost a score of 
years. 

Police. — The police-force of Cincin- 
nati is controlled by the board of police- 
commissioners. The executive officer is 
the superintendent, and next to him is 
the inspector. The patrolmen are directly 
controlled by 19 lieutenants and 13 ser- 
geants, distributed among ten police- 
districts, each containing a station-house, 
to which a certain number of patrolmen 
report. The rank and file of the force 
for the year 1878 numbered 355. Ten 



patrolmen are detailed as detectives, and 
do not wear uniforms while on duty. 
During the year 1878 the number of 
arrests made was 13.955. Of these, 
9,206 were for crimes and misdemeanors, 
and 4,689 for safe-keeping : the latter 
being discharged without trial before the 
police-court. The police-commissioners 
serve without pay. The salary of the 
superintendent is $2,500 per annum; 
inspector, $1,500; lieutenants, $900 each; 
and patrolmen, $800 each. The total 
cost of the department in 1878 was 
$258,619. It is probably the most efficient, 
and at the same time the least expensive, 
of the police-departments of this country. 
The cost to each resident is about 73 
cents, while in New York the cost is 
about $3.50. 

Police-Commissioners, the Board 
of, have control of the police-depart- 
ment, health-department, city-infirmary, 
and out-door poor, are elected by the 
people, and serve a term of five years 
without compensation. Following are 
the names of the present commissioners, 
with the year of expiration of their terms 
of office: W. W. Sutton, president, 1880: 
John Dorsch, 1881: Daniel Weber, 1882; 
One vacajicy ; J. H. Setchel, 1884. J. 
M. Hanson is secretary of the board, 
which meets every Monday afternoon in 
the City Buildings. 

Police-Stations. — The city is divid- 
ed into ten police-districts, each having 
a station-house for the temporary confine- 
ment of arrested persons. At each sta- 
tion-house a certain number of police- 
men report, morning and evening, for 
roll-call. The station-houses are situated 
as follows: 1st district, Ninth Street, 
near Central Avenue; 2d, Hammond 
Street, bet. Third and Fourth; 3d, Bre- 
men Street, bet. Fifteenth and Liberty; 
4th, Third Street, west of Mill Street; 
5th, cor. Linn and Oliver Streets ; 6th, 
Fulton; 7th, Walnut Hills ; 8th, Corry- 
ville; qth, Sedamsville; 10th, Cuminins- 
viUe. 

Population, according to United- 
States census, was in 1800, 750; 1810, 
2,540; 1820, 9,602; 1830, 24,831; 1840, 
46,338; 1850, 115.456; i860, 161.044; 
1870,216,239. Of the population in 1870, 
there were 79,612 foreigners, including 
49,448 born in Germany, 18,624 in Ire- 
land, 3,526 in Knqland, 2,093 in France. 
210,335 were white, and 5,904 colored. 
Jn 1880 the population will number almost 
400,000. 



66 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Porkopolis is one of the names by 
which Cincinnati is known, and its origin 
is explained in the following manner: 
About 1825 George W. Jones, president 
of the United-States branch-bank, and 
known as " Bank Jones," was very en- 
thusiastic about the fact that 25,000 to 
30,000 hogs were being killed in this city 
every year; and in his letters to the bank's 
Lverpool correspondent he never failed 
to mention the fact, and express his hope 
of Cincinnati's future greatness as a pro- 
vision-market. The correspondent, after 
receiving a number of these letters, had a 
unique pair of model hogs made of papier- 
mache, and sent them to "George W. 
Jones as the worthy representative of 
Porkopolis." The hogs were kept in the 
bank until it closed, and were then taken 
care of by Mr. Jones, who a few years 
before his death handed them over to 
John W. Coleman, one of the largest 
slaughterers at the time; and he in turn 
passed them over to H. A. Bowman, 
superintendent of the Miami stock -yards, 
who leaves them at the office of Samuel 
Davis, jun., & Co. 

Pork-Packers Association of Cin- 
cinnati dates its organization Oct. 30, 
1872, and has for its object the promo- 
tion of the interests of the provision-trade 
by securing concert of action and a free 
interchange of opinion, and by submitting 
recommendations as to rules for the gov- 
ernment of the provision-trade of this 
city to the Chamber of Commerce for 
consideration. Its members comprise 
the leading pork-packers of Cincinnati, 
and to its deliberation the present code 
of laws for lhe government of the local 
provision-trade is largely traceable. It 
was the first to take the lead in granting 
reciprocal judicial privileges to the mem- 
bers of other commercial organizations, 
adopting a like rule throughout the 
country. It has made exhibitions at 
Vienna and at the Cincinnati Industrial 
Exposition, and has always been influen- 
tial in the council of the National Pork- 
Packers' Association. The room used is 
set apart for the association by the Cham- 
ber of Commerce, to which it is a recog- 
nized adjunct; all members of the Asso- 
ciation being members of the Chamber, 
and all members of the Chamber having 
free access to all privileges of the Asso- 
ciation-rooms. 

Portsmouth, Big Sandy, and Pom- 
eroy Packet Co., the Cincinnati, 
owns eight boats. Of these " The Ohio, 



No. 4," " The Telegraph," and " The 
Potomac " make daily trips to Pomeroy, 
O.; "The Bostona, " and "The Fleet- 
wood," daily trips to Huntington, W. 
Va., where they connect with the Chesa- 
peake & Ohio R.R.; "The Bonanza," 
tri-weekly trips to Portsmouth, O. ; " The 
Wildwood," tri-weekly trips to Maysville, 
Ky.; and "The City of Portsmouth," 
daily trips (except Sundays) to Chilo, O. 
The company also does a general towing- 
business, and for this purpose owns three 
boats, " TheT. W. Means," " The Etna," 
and "The Cobb Cecil," and about 20 
barges. " The A. L. Norton," also owned 
by this company, is used for transient 
passenger business. The president is 
David Gibson, the secretary T. N. John- 
son, and the superintendent W. Hon- 
shell. 

Post-office Statistics. — The total 
receipts of the Cincinnati post-office for 
the year 1878 were $431,844.30, and the 
total expenses only $149,159.14. There 
were nearly 40,000 money-orders issued, 
from which the total receipts, with the 
fees therefor, were $2,082,815.07. Free 
delivery is made by 73 carriers, who 
handled 21,006,765 pieces of mail matter; 
3.745.434 letters were delivered from the 
general delivery; letters advertised, 21,- 
476; sent to dead-letter office, 22,269; 
newspapers held for postage, and sold for 
waste paper, 31,286. Deposits for mail- 
ing were, letters, 15,435,828; postal- 
cards, 3,057,840; newspapers, 4,627,548; 
packages of newspapers, 37,296; unsealed 
circulars and other third-class mail mat- 
ter, including books and merchandise, 
pieces, 4,222,908. Total number of 
pieces, 27,381,420; total weight, 950,380 
pounds. Number of postal-cards sold, 
4,100,000. 

Post-office, the, is in the building 
on the south-west cor. of Fourth and 
Vine Streets, and occupies the basement 
and the west half of the first floor; in 
which latter are the registry and money- 
order departments and the offices of the 
postmaster and his secretary. The pres- 
ent quarters are much too small; and the 
post-office, with all its various depart- 
ments, will be moved into the building 
now being erected by the United-States 
Government, as soon as it is completed. 
John P. Loge is postmaster. See Cus- 
tom-House, and see Government Build- 
ing. 

Pottery Decoration has gained for 
the city a name contributing somewhat to 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



67 



its reputation in art-matters. The work 
has been accomplished by amateurs, al- 
most exclusively by ladies. The owners 
of the potteries have assisted their efforts; 
but as yet the potters have failed to 
take the lead in the matter, and have 
confined themselves to the production of 
undecorated wares. The variety and 
superior qualities of the clays of Ohio and 
the neighboring States make possible the 
building-up of a great industry at a place 
where unrivalled facilities are afforded 
for the creation of artistic products from 
materials as well suited for the purposes 
as any in the world. Robert Clarke & 
Co. have just published the eighth edition 
of " China Painting," a valuable manual 
for amateurs, by Miss M. Louise Mc- 
Laughlin of this city. 

Pottery Club, an organization of 
ladies, amateurs in art-work, formed 
April, 1879, for the decoration in under- 
glaze painting of pottery made from the 
clays of the Ohio Valley. Miss M. 
Louise McLaughlin is president, Miss 
Clara Newton secretary. The club meets 
Tuesdays and Thursdays at the Women's 
Art Museum Association Rooms. 

Presbyterian Churches. — Avon- 
dale, Avondale, George C. Heckman, 
D.D., pastor; Central, Mound and Barr 
Streets, Robert Patterson, pastor; Cum- 
minsville, Langland and Lingo Streets, 
G. R. Alden, pastor; Fifth, John and 
Clark, A. B. Morey, pastor; First, 
Fourth, bet. Main and Walnut; First cf 
Walnut Hills, McMillen St. and Gilbert 
Avenue, George Fullerton, pastor; First 
German, Linn, near Dayton Street, J. 
Lichtenstein, pastor; Lincoln Park, Hop- 
kins, west of Freeman Avenue, Edward 
Cooper, pastor; Mt. Auburn, Auburn 
Avenue, E. D. Ledyard, pastor; Olivet 
Mission, Carr, below Sixth, J. P. E. 
Kumler, pastor; Orchard-street, Orchard, 
east of Main, R. H. Leonard, pastor; 
Pilgrim Mission, Fifth, east of Lock; 
Poplar-street, Poplar, east of Freeman 
Avenue, James C. White, pastor ; Second, 
south-west cor. of Eighth and Elm, T. H. 
Skinner, pastor; Second German, Liber- 
ty, west of Freeman, G. W. Winnes, pas- 
tor; Seventh, Broadway, bet. Fourth and 
Fifth ; Sixth, Eastern Avenue, near 
Vance, R. S. Rust, pastor ; Third, 
Seventh, west of Linn, J. P. E. Kumler, 
pastor. 

Prevention of Cruelty to Children 
and Animals, the Ohio State Society 
for, was organized in May, 1873. Its 



principal office is in Cincinnati, at No. 55 
West Fourth Street. Arrangements are 
now being perfected to establish branch- 
offices throughout the State of Ohio. 
During the six years since its organiza- 
tion, it has done a noble work in decreas- 
ing the number of cases of brutality to 
animate beings. The society is supported 
largely by subscriptions. Life-members 
pay $100; active members $5 a year, 
and children $1 a year. It also has re- 
cently begun publishing " The Humane 
Appeal." 

Price's Hill is on the west bank of 
Mill Creek, overlooking the Ohio River. 
Its height above the river is about 400 
feet. The high ground continues west- 
ward beyond Warsaw, a distance of four 
miles. It is covered with elegant private 
residences, convents, schools, and col- 
leges. Its summit is reached by Price's- 
hill Inclined-plane Railway, the foot of 
which is at the junction of Eighth Street 
and Walker-mill Road. The Warsaw 
Pike, winding around the hill by easy 
grades, is also a means of reaching the 
top. There are grounds, pavilion, and 
terrace connected with the Price's-hill 
House at the summit, and music is often 
furnished there. Picnics and pleasure- 
parties also make use of the grounds. 
The views of the river and surrounding 
country are not surpassed by any in this 
city. The Eighth-street line of horse-cars 
stop at the foot of the plane. 

Provisions. — As a great provision- 
market, Cincinnati ranks second to but 
one city in the world ; and as a market 
for the best quality of meats, bringing 
the largest prices, the city ranks first. In 
the winter season of 1877-78, there were 
632,302 hogs packed here; the cost of 
which was $7,540,967. There were 59,- 
107 barrels of hog-meat and 81,653 pack- 
ages of lard produced. During the year 
ending Aug. 31, 1879, the imports and 
exports were as follows : — 
Hogs and hog 

product. Imports. Exports. 

Number of hogs 1,069,146 231,929 

Pork, barrels of. 3.189 67,611 

Lard, pounds of 9,435,791 43,658,859 
Meats, pounds of 18,617,937 93,447-945 

During the summer season about 150,- 
000 hogs are packed. For the year end- 
ing Aug. 31, 1878, the live-stock statistics 
are as follows: — 

Receipts. Shipments. 
Cattle .... 173,987 80,504 

Sheep .... 362,493 286,961 

Horses and mules 16,506 13,220 



68 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



In the provision-trade, that is, slaugh- 
terers, packers, and curers of meats, there 
are 113 firms, with an invested cash capi- 
tal of $4,230,000. They occupy real 
estate valued at 3,248,000; employ 1,250 
persons; and the value of their product 
for 1878, including lard, was $15,561,164. 
Among the most prominent firms in this 
trade are Samuel Davis, jun., & Co., 
office and packing-house cor. Court Street 
and Broadway; Evans & Kinney, office 
room B, Pike's Opera-House, and pack- 
ing-house adjoining the United Railroads 
Stock- Yards; Evans. Lippincott, &; Cun- 
ningham, office and packing-house cor. 
Bank and Patterson Streets; James Mor- 
rison & Co., office and packing-house 
cor. of Bank and Riddle Streets; Joseph 
Rawson & Son, packing-house on Spring- 
grove Ave., near the United Railroads 
Stock-yards, office and warehouses 300 
and 310 Sycamore Street. There are also 
a number of firms who do a commission 
business in provisions; and prominent 
among these is the firm ofWra. H. Davis 
& Co., 271 and 273 Sycamore Street, who 
are also curers of hams and salt meats on 
commission account. F. A. Laidley & 
Co. are not only extensive pork-packers, 
but are also large jobbers in all kinds of 
provisions. Their packing-house is on 
the Colerain Pike, and office No. 85 West 
Second Street. See Stock- Yards. 

Public Library and Reading-room, 
Vine, bet. Sixth and seventh Streets. It 
is under the control of the chairman of 
the Board of Public Education, and six 
persons appointed by that board. It con- 
tains 108,000 volumes and 12,000 pam- 
phlets, and is free in every particular. 
About $60,000 a year is spent for its sup- 
port ($18,000, derived chiefly from a tax 
of one-tenth of a mill, is spent yearly for 
books). Books, pamphlets, manuscripts, 
etc., are constantly donated to it. It is 
open every day, from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m. 
The library is one of the best-arranged 
and most flourishing, and the reading- 
room one of the most complete and com- 
fortable, in this country. The building 
is fire-proof, and is one of the largest and 
finest in this city. It has cost, with the 
ground, $400,000. One branch of the 
library has been opened at Cumminsville, 
and another will probably be opened 
within a year at Columbia. To the libra- 
rian, Thomas Vickers, is due much of 
the success of the library, as well as many 
of the improvements. 

Publishers. — There are four large 
publishing-houses in this city, besides 



several firms publishing subscription- 
books, and a number of booksellers, and 
newspaper and printing offices publishing 
books and pamphlets of various kinds. 
The four great establishments are those 
of Robert Clarke & Co., Van Antwerp, 
Bragg, & Co.. Western Methodist Book 
Concern, ai.d Wilstach, Baldwin, & Co. 
The three last named are referred to in 
their alphabetical places in this book. 
Robert Clarke & Co.'s is the leading 
bookselling and general book-publishing 
house in the South-west. Their estab- 
lishment occupies the large five-story 
stone-front building, No. 65 West Fourth 
Street. This firm is known throughout 
the United States as one of the most 
trustworthy and most successful houses 
in the book-trade. Mr. Clarke has been 
connected with the house since 1855, 
when he bought Tobias Lyon's interest 
in the firm of Lyon & Patterson; the 
style of firm changing to Patterson & 
Clarke. In 1857 Mr. Clarke bought Mr. 
Patterson's interest, and carried on the 
business in his own name. At that time 
the store was in Bacon's building, cor. of 
Sixth and Walnut Street, and the busi- 
ness was chiefly in second-hand and for- 
eign books; this being the first house in 
Cincinnati to import books direct from 
London and Paris. In 1858 R. D. Barney 
and J. W. Dale united with Mr. Clarke; 
and the new firm, under the style of Rob- 
ert Clarke & Co., bought the business ®f 
Henry W. Derby & Co., law-book pub- 
lishers, and dealers in the miscellaneous 
books published by Harper & Bros, and 
Derby & Jackson. They then moved 
into the store occupied by Derby & Co., 
55 West Fourth Street, and began busi- 
ness as publishers of law-books, and 
wholesale and retail booksellers. In 1867 
the business was removed to its present 
quarters. In 1872 Howard Barney and 
Alexander Hill were admitted to the 
partnership. This house has published 
over 150 volumes of law-books, one of 
which was the celebrated Fisher's Patent 
Cases, the highest-priced law-books ever 
published in this country, — 6 vols., at 
$25 a volume: and also about 100 vol- 
umes of miscellaneous books, including 
the invaluable Ohio Valley Historical 
Series, edited by Mr. Clarke, and issued 
in eight handsome volumes. Many pub- 
lications of this firm rank equal in style 
and value to any published in the United 
States. The third floor of the establish- 
ment is devoted exclusively to works 
known as Americana, of which a fine cat- 
alogue has been issued. Besides their 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



69 



publishing and bookselling departments, 
Messrs. Clarke & Co. have an extensive 
book-bindery, book and job printing- 
office, and stationery department. 

Pulte Medical College, cor. Seventh 
and Mound. Organized in 1872. Ho- 
moeopathic instruction in all branches of 
medical science. The building is said to 
be one of the largest and best-appointed 
for its purposes in this country. There 
are 25 rooms for college purposes, includ- 
ing halls, lecture-rooms, museum, etc. 
Main amphitheatre seats 200. The Ho- 
moeopathic Free Dispensary and Cincin- 
nati Hospital are at the service of students. 
Sessions from October to March. Fees 
vary. 

Queen City is known, the world 
over, as one of the accepted and appro- 
priate names of Cincinnati. This name 
was given in recognition of the fine situa- 
tion, the lovely surroundings, the excel- 
lent climate, the fertile soil of the neigh- 
borhood, and the bright prospects for the 
future greatness of the city, and also in 
appreciation of the early development of 
enterprise, culture, refinement, and pros- 
perity among the citizens. The name has 
been generally used with reference to this 
city for fully 50 years; but just when and 
by whom it was originated, the publisher 
was unable to learn. In 1838 a book en- 
titled " Tales from the Queen City " was 
published in Cincinnati. Longfellow para- 
phrases the words in his poem on " Ca- 
tawba Wine," in the verse reading as 
follows : — 

" And this Song of the Vine, 

This greeting of mine, 
The winds and the birds shall deliver 

To the Queen of the West, 

In her garlands dressed, 
On the banks of the Beautiful River." 

Queen City Club is composed of 
about 300 leading professional and busi- 
ness men. Its club-house, cor. Seventh 
and Elm, is one of the most elegant and 
commodious in the country. It cost, 
with real estate and furnishing, about 
$170,000. It contains rooms for conver- 
sation, billiards, cards, chess, and other 
games, besides reading and dining rooms. 
Its restaurant is conducted a la carte. 
A reception and dining room is reserved 
for the wives and families of the members. 
Each member holds at least one share of 
stock of the value of $250, and pays 
annual dues of $75, with a credit of $15 
as interest on his stock. Five members 
are elected yearly 10 serve for three years 



as a board of management, and this 
board alone has the right of accepting or 
rejecting applications for membership. 

Visitors must be introduced by members. 

Reading-rooms. — The largest and 
most comfortable public reading-rooms 
are those of the Public Library and of the 
Young Men's Mercantile Library Asso- 
ciation. There are also good reading- 
rooms at the Cincinnati Gymnasium, the 
Chamber of Commerce, and the Young 
Men's Christian Association. 

Red Men, the United and Im- 
proved Orders of, is a benevolent or- 
ganization, dispensing its benefits after 
the manner of the Odd Fellows and other 
similar bodies. What it has to do with 
the aborigines, is known only to the mem- 
bers. There are eight tribes and one en- 
campment of the United order, and four 
tribes of the Improved order, in Cincin- 
nati. Nearly all the tribes have a separ- 
ate place of meeting. 

Reformed Presbyterians. — Al- 
though there are two churches styled as 
above, and both designating themselves 
the First Church, they differ somewhat 
from each other. Both of them 50 years 
ago formed one church, but in 1833 a 
division took place, and since that lime 
there have been two distinct churches. 
Much of that time the " Plum-street con- 
gregation " has been without ministers, 
and consequently the growth has been 
small. In 1854 Robert Patterson was in- 
stalled pastor, and after he served two 
years a vacancy of 12 years followed. In 
1868 James Y. Boice was installed pastor. 
Up to this time the church-building was 
on George Street; but Mr. Boice began 
in the basement of a new building, a 
beautiful little stone church, situated on 
Plum Street, bet. Eighth and Ninth 
Streets, and now occupied bv the con- 
gregation over which J. C. Chapman is 
pastor. The " John-street congregation " 
comprises a small society worshipping 
on Clinton, east of John Street. Their 
doctrine is that the United States is not 
a Christian government, and therefore 
they cannot consistently vote at any 
election. They hope to have the Lord 
Jesus Christ recognized in the Constitu- 
tion. J. M. Foster is pastor. 

Relief Union, the Cincinnati.— 

This great charily was founded in 1850, 
and has been in continual and successful 
operation ever since. It is supported by 
voluntary contributions, the greater por- 



7 o 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



tion coming from life-members, a number 
of whom pay amounts ranging from $100 
to $1,000 annually. As much as $40,000 
has been collected and disbursed in a 
single year. Since 1873, however, the 
receipts have not been so large by reason 
of the panic in that year, and the death 
of several of the former large contrib- 
uting members. The society operates 
through a local visiting committee of 
two in each ward, who visit each appli- 
cant, and satisfy themselves as to their 
needs. The necessaries of life are sup- 
plied to the extent the fund will allow, 
without regard to color, sex, nativity, or 
religion. The Union has an office in the 
City Buildings, whence supplies are is- 
sued. 

Reservoirs. — There are five reser- 
voirs connected with the water-works 
system. The two largest of these are in 
Eden Park, both capable of holding 
100,000,000 gallons of water. They are 
constructed in one of the natural ravines, 
across the mouth of which an immense 
wall of solid masonry has been thrown. 
Their construction cost the city nearly 
$4,500,000. They supply that portion of 
the city north of Third Street to the hills. 
The old reservoir, on Third Street at the 
foot of Mt. Adams, is a superstructure of 
solid limestone masonry. It is located in 
Water-works Park. Its capacity is but a 
tithe of that of the great reservoirs, and 
is kept full by constant pumping. It 
supplies the district south of Third' 
Street, and a portion of the West End. 
The other two reservoirs are immense 
boiler-iron tanks, located in the angle 
formed by the junction of Vine Street 
and Auburn Avenue, Mt. Auburn, that 
being the highest point of ground in the 
vicinity, and about 467 feet above low- 
water mark. Water is lifted to these 
reservoirs by a pumping-engine located 
at the junction of Hunt and Effluent-pipe 
Streets, which draws its supply from the 
great reservoirs in Eden Park. These 
reservoirs supply the districts of Mt. Au- 
burn, Corryyillc, and Walnut Hills. A 
line of ten-inch pipe is also laid from 
these reservoirs down Vine Street to 
Fourth, at which point the pressure is 
200 pounds to the square inch. Tho fire- 
plugs along this line are connected with 
it, and can throw water farther than a 
steam-engine can. The Tyler-Davidson 
Fountain is supplied from this source. 
A sixth reservoir, on Price's Hill, in the 
western part of the city, wiil soon be com- 
pleted. 



Revision, the Board of, meets the 
first Monday of each month. Its prov- 
ince is to take under consideration any 
vital interest of the city, scrutinize the 
official conduct of city officers, and re- 
port its action to council. It is composed 
of four members: viz., Charles Jacob, 
jun., mayor and ex-officio president; 
Julius Reis, president board of aldermen; 
Benjamin Eggleston, president board of 
councilmen; Philip H. Kumler, city 
solicitor. 

Riverside, a suburb adjoining the 
western corporation line, fronting on the 
Ohio River, six miles from Fountain 
Square. It contains many elegant coun- 
try residences. It forms a separate elec- 
tion precinct in the county. Riverside 
can be reached by the Ohio and Mississip- 
pi, the I. C. & L. R.R.'s, the Storrs and 
Sedamsville horse-cars, and the Lower 
River-Road, an excellent macadamized 
turnpike. The drive is a beautiful one, 
giving a charming landscape of river, 
and hillsides dotted with lovely suburban 
houses, vineyards, and private parks. 

Robinson's Opera-House, on the 
north-east cor. of Ninth and Plum Streets, 
is a very handsome building devoted to 
music and the drama in the city. Its 
seating capacity is 2,300. The audito- 
rium contains a parquette, parquette- 
circle, balcony, and gallery, besides four 

f>roscenium-boxes. The stage is very 
arge, and all the furniture and appoint- 
ments superb. It is occupied by a first- 
class dramatic company, which gives per- 
formances nightly, except Sunday, dur- 
ing the dramatic season. The main en- 
trances are on Ninth Street. -The Sev- 
enth-street or blue line of horse-cars pass 
the building going east; the Elm-street 
and the Eighth-street lines pass within 
one square. The Opera-House overlooks 
the City Park, and is in the midst of what 
is known as the " church region." 

Royal Insurance Co. of Liverpool, 

Eng., although a foreign company, has 
not only a national reputation, but also a 
local history. In 1852 an agency of the 
company was given to the late Dr. John 
S. Law, who continued the business in 
his own name until 1871, when, upon the 
formation of a partnership with his son, 
John II. Law, who had been at work in 
the office since the agency was estab- 
lished, the style of the firm was changed 
to John S. Law & Son. In 1877, at the 
death of the senior member, the business 
passed into the hands of John H. Law. 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 71 



For the entire period of 27 years, the 
Royal has had a most enviable record in 
this city; and its standing to-day is equal 
to that of any insurance company in the 
world. All losses in this neighborhood 
are paid without reference to the home 
office; and the best indemnity possible is 
offered by this company, with assets 
amounting to almost $30,000,000, — of 
which nearly $3,000,000 are kept in the 
United States. Moreover, the stock- 
holders are individually liable to the full 
extent of their private fortunes. The 
losses paid by the Royal already reach 
the enormous sum of $35,000,000. 

Safe-Deposit Company of Cincin- 
nati occupies one-half of the National 
Lafayette and Bank of Commerce build- 
ing at 20 West Third Street. The safes 
are thoroughly fire and burglar proof. 
They are 35 feet long, 12 \ feet wide, and 
7 feet high, and are composed of five 
alternate layers of steel and iron, and so 
put together that no screw or nut pene- 
trates more than three layers. Constant 
work for eighteen months was required 
to construct these immense safes. They 
have four combination-locks of different 
makes. Every safeguard is adopted; and 
the place is watched day and night on 
• both the inside and outside. The renters 
of boxes and depositors of securities 
have every convenience for handling their 
property quietly and unobserved. The 
Safe-Deposit Company was organized in 
1866, and was one cf the first corpora- 
tions in the United States to provide for 
rich and poor people the means of absolute 
security against fire and burglary at a 
moderate cost. Its capital stock is $too,- 
000. The president is Henry Peachey, 
and secretary Samuel P. Bishop. 

Sanitarium, the Cincinnati, a pri- 
vate hospital for the treatment of mental 
and nervous diseases, at College Hill, O. 
It was opened ill 1873, and since that 
time has established its character as a 
permanent institution, having appoint- 
ments unsurpassed by those of any simi- 
lar institution in the country. 400 per- 
sons have already been patients at the 
sanitarium. The building, erected origi- 
nally for the Ohio Female College, is nn 
elegant and attractive structure of brick 
with stone facings, three stories in height 
above the basement. Close by the main 
building are five two-story cottages. All 
the apartments in the main building and 
in the cottages are well furnished and 
comfortable. It is the only strictly private 



insane asylum in the West, and is in 
chargeof Dr. W. S. Chiplcy, who has had 
34 years' experience in the treatment of 
the insane. The charges vary with the 
accommodations furnished. The Sani- 
tarium can be reached by a drive over 
Spring-grove Avenue, or by the C. H. 
& D. "R.R. and College-hill Narrow- 
gauge R.R. (fare 40 cents round trip). 
John L. Whetstone president. Val. P. 
Collins secretary, and John F. Elliott 
treasurer. 

School books. — See Van Antwerp, 
Bragg, & Co. 

School of Design of the University 
of Cincinnati was founded by Charles 
McMicken. In 1853 an association 
known as the Ladies' Academy of Fine 
Arts received from Mr. McMicken $1,000 
to be spent for casts, which were to be 
given to a school of design whenever one 
should be founded in this city. Some 
years later the casts, as well as pictures 
owned by the academy, were handed over 
to the School of Design which had just 
been founded. The school prospered as 
much as its limited means allowed. 
Later, Joseph Longvvorth endowed the 
school with $100,000; i.e., the old Ob- 
servatory property perpetually leased to 
the Passionlst Fathers, and yielding 



VI 

seven per cent on $50,000, and the other 
$50,000 being given in United-States 
bonds. Then the facilities and number 
of teachers were increased. In 1871 the 
school was placed under control of the 
University of Cincinnati, and since that 
time it has been remarkably successful. 
In 1878 there were seven instructors and 
nearly 400 pupils. To this school is due 
much of the credit for the elaborate de- 
signs and carving on the organ in Music 
Hall. Instruction is free to residents. 
Non-residents arc charged $30 a year for 
attendance on the day-classes, and $i5fof 
attendance on the hight-classes. The 
hours are every week-day, from 9 a.m. 
to 1 P.M., and from 7 to 9 J'.m.; and the 
sessions are the same as those of the 
University of Cincinnati. The rooms 
are in College Building, and can be 
visited by permission of the principal, 
Thomas S. Noble. 

Schools, Public— The total number 
of children enrolled for attendance at the 
public schools in 1878 was 36,QCt. The 
average daily attendance of the number 
enrolled was 78 per cent. To accommo- 
date this vast number of pupils, the city 
provides 37 district or primary, 4 inter- 



7 2 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



mediate, and 2 high-school buildings, 
besides 5 buildings for colored schools, 
and the University of Cincinnati. The 
city is divided into 27 districts for white, 
and 5 districts for colored pupils; the 7th, 
8th, 15th, 10th, 17th, 24th, 25th, and 
20th districts having two buildings ea.h, 
the 21st district four, and the remaining 
districts one each. The buildings are 
nearly all elegant, new, and commodious, 
one of them alone costing $85,000. The 
average cost of each of the buildings 
may be placed at $40,000. To impart 
instruction to the youth of the city, 633 
teachers are required, whose salaries 
range from $400 to $2,600 per annum. 
Pupils passing through the public schools 
must attend six years in the district, 
three in the intermediate, and four in the 
high schools, when, on graduating from 
the high school, they can enter the 
university. Examinations are required 
in passing from one year's grade to 
another, from the district to the interme- 
diate, and from the latter to the high 
schools. In addition to the ordinary 
English branches, German, music, and 
drawing are taught in the district and 
intermediate, and French, Latin, and 
Greek in the high schools. The schools 
are governed by the Board of Education. 
This board also controls the public library, 
the normal school, and the school for deaf- 
mutes; the latter being one of the only 
two schools of the kind in the country 
supported chiefly by a municipal corpo- 
ration as part of its school-system. Night- 
schools are held in 15 of the districts, 
three being for colored pupils. The total 
expense of the schools for the year 1878 
was $699,587.76. The superintendent 
is John B. Peaslee. See University of 
Cincinnati, Hughes High School, and 
Woodward High School. 

Schools, other than Public. — 
There are within the city limits four 
business colleges, one dental college, one 
law-school, seven medical and surgical 
colleges, one college of pharmacy, one 
college and four conservatories of music. 
There is also the St. Joseph College, St. 
Xavier College, Mt. St. Mary's Seminary, 
Young Ladies' Academy of St. Vincent de 
Paul, — all Roman-Catholic institutions; 
Lane Theological Seminary, of the Pres- 
byterian denomination; Cincinnati Wes- 
leyan College, — a Methodist-Episcopal 
young ladies' institute; and Hebrew 
Union College. Besides the above there 
are numerous private schools in and 
around the city, and several colleges and 



seminaries distant only a few miles from the 
city. Among the most prominent private 
schools in the city are the Chickering In- 
stitute for boys ; the Collegiate School for 
boys, under direction of Babin & Rix; 
Miss C. E. Nourse's family and day 
school for girls; Bartholomew English 
and Classical School for girls; Miss S. J. 
Armstrong's Mt. Auburn School for girls; 
and Ml. Auburn Young Ladies' Institute, 
under direction of H. Thrane Miller. 

Sculptors. — The earliest in this city 
was Frederick Eckstein, a Prussian by 
birth, and a resident in this city 50 years 
ago. He was a man of great eccentrici- 
ties, among which was one of valuing his 
works at a precise sum of odd dollars 
and cents, with amusing exactness. 
From him Hiram Powers acquired the 
first rudiments of the art. Powers be- 
gan between 1830 and 1840 the work 
which afterwards gave him such world- 
wide fame; and to Nicholas Longworth 
he was indebted, not only for patronage, 
but also for aid to go to Italy to pursue 
his profession. E. Clevenger, about 1840, 
made many excellent portrait-busts, nota- 
bly that of President Harrison, now in 
the Young Men's Mercantile Library 
Rooms. Thomas D. Jones resided here 
for many years; and his busts of Thomas 
Ewing, Judge McLean, Thomas Corwin, 
and many others, attest his skill. Ed. 
Brackett was well known as a sculptor 
in Cincinnati in the early part of the 
decade 1840-50. N. F. Baker, a Cincin- 
natian by birth, studied in Italy; and 
his statue of" Cincinnalus," on the front 
of the building occupied by Chatfield & 
Woods, on Fourth Street, and that of 
"Egeria" in the lake at Spring-grove 
Cemetery, are carefully executed works 
of art. Louis Rebisso, of the School of 
Design, is a sculptor of considerable abil- 
ity. His most celebrated work is the co- 
lossal equestrian bronze statue of Gen. 
McPherson, lately erected in Washing- 
ton, D.C. Moses J. Ezekiel is the weil- 
known sculptor of the colossal marble 
statue of " Religious Liberty," tempora- 
rily placed in Fairmount Park. L. Fett- 
weis is a resident sculptor, born in Cin- 
cinnati, and trained in the German art- 
schools. Frank Dengler, one of the 
greatest of young American sculptors, 
recently died after a short career, during 
which his great talents were appreciated 
even in art-loving Boston. August Mend- 
henk, recently returned from Europe, is a 
sculptor, who has established a, fonndery 
for casting bronze-work. H. K. Brown 



AVNG'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



n 



was for a short period a resident here; 
and Preston Powers now has a temporary 
studio in this city. 

Second Presbyterian Church, on 
the south-west cor. of Eighth and Plum 
Streets, is one of the finest of the church 
edifices of Cincinnati. The corner-stone 
was laid in 1873; and the church was 
first occupied Jan. 3, 1875, and dedicated 
April 11, 1875. The budding is of Blue- 
hill limestone, in the Gothic style of 
architecture; its spire is 205 feet high; 
and its seats are arranged in amphithe- 
atre form, for the accommodation of 1,100. 
The organ is a very fine instrument, and 
cost, without the case, $io,coo. The total 
cost of the church and its furniture was 
about $275,000, and the society is wholly 
out of debt. The society was organized 
in 1816, and its preliminary meetings 
were held at the residence of Judge Jacob 
Burnet, on the site of the present Burnet 
House; and for the first two years its 
services were held anywhere that accom- 
modations could be found. In 1818 a little 
frame building was erected on Walnut 
Street, above Fifth Street, where services 
were held until 1830, when a second build- 
ing, a neat brick edifice, having a steeple 
with a clock paid for by the city council, 
was erected on Fourth Street, bet. Vine 
and Race Streets. The building cost 
$28,000, and the land $5,000; but the land 
was sold in 1871 for $160,000, and the 
society built the beautiful edifice already 
described. The following is a list of the 
regular pastors: David Root, 1820-32; 
Lyman Beecher, 1832-43; John P. Cleve- 
land, 1843-45; Samuel W. Fisher, 1846- 
58; M. L. P. Thompson, 1859-65; James 
L. Robertson, 1867-70; Thomas H. Skin- 
ner, 1871, who still continues as pastor. 

Sedamsville, a portion of the 21st 
ward, west of Mill Creek, fronting on 
the Ohio River, and south of the western 
range of hills, 35 miles distant from 
Fountain Square. It is a manufactur- 
ing district, containing several large dis- 
tilleries and saw-mills. It was formerly 
a part of Storrs Township. The Third- 
street line of horse-cars and the Eighth- 
street line make connection with the 
Storrs and Sedamsville line, the former 
at the bridge over Mill Creek, on Sixth 
Street, and the latter at the junction of 
Eighth Street and Walker-mill Road. 

Sewerage. — The natural advantages 
of Cincinnati for surface drainage are 
admirable, the rolling character of the 
site favoring it. But sewers were found 



necessary on the slopes from the central 
plateau, and all the principal streets run- 
ning down to the Ohio have sewers from 
Seventh Street to the river. Part of 
the district north of Seventh and east 
of Plum, has surface drainage into the 
Miami Canal, which empties into Eggles- 
ton-avenue Sewer ; and part is drained 
by the Sycamore-street Sewer and its 
branches. North of Liberty Street the 
drainage is into the mammoth Liberty- 
street Sewer, which empties into the 
McLean-avenue Sewer. West of Central 
Avenue, north of Seventh, and south of 
Liberty, lateral sewers are laid, which 
lead to the immense McLean-avenue 
Sewer, now being constructed to the river. 
The sewerage system is almost perfect. 
Sewers range in size from 1 foot to 12 by 
14 feet. The total number of lineal feet 
of sewer laid under the present system 
by the city, excluding that laid by pri- 
vate citizens, of which there is a large 
amount, is 204,161, — nearly 39 miles. 

Shakspeare Club, organized in 1851, 
is the oldest organization in the city for 
the purpose of giving weekly readings 
from Shakspeare and other dramatic 
poets, and is also a leading amateur 
theatrical club; its entertainments always 
having been noted for care taken in their 
preparation, and skill in their presenta- 
tion. It will probably hereafter use the 
hall of the Allemania Club; for the sea- 
son of 1878-79 the Melodeon Hall having 
been used. There are about 20 active 
members, who take part in the enter- 
tainments, and bear the deficit for the 
expenses proportionally. Associate mem- 
bers pay $10 a year for the privileges 
of the club. George W. Pohlman is 
secretary. Strangers can be invited by 
members. 

Shelter House. — See Casino. 

Shillito's Mammoth Dry-goods 
House is one of the interesting sights in 
Cincinnati. There are only a few busi- 
ness buildings in the United States as 
magnificent as this structure, which was 
opened in September, 1878. It fronts 270 
feet on George Street, and 176 feet on 
Race Street, and has a floor surface of 
seven acres. It is six stories above 
ground, and two stories below. In the 
centre is a grand dome, 60 feet in diame- 
ter and 120 feet high. There are five 
elevators, and all the conveniences usual 
to modern structures. Over 1,000 per- 
sons are employed in the building, which 
is chiefly a great retail and wholesale 



74 



ICING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



dry-goods and carpet establishment, hold- 
ing the same position in the West that 
Stewart does in the East. A curiosity is 
to be seen on the first floor under the 
dome. It is one of a pair of vases ex- 
hibited by the Japanese government at 
the Centennial Exposition in 1876, and is 
one of the largest pieces of lacquered 
porcelain ever made in Japan. 

Sinking-Fund Trustees, the Board 
of, comprises five of the most trust- 
worthy citizens, appointed, regardless of 
political views, by the judges of the su- 
perior court. They give bonds of $100,- 
000 each, and serve five years, with- 
out any compensation. They are to pro- 
vide for the whole bonded indebtedness 
of the city; and for this purpose they 
certify to the city council the sums neces- 
sary both for a sinking-fund to provide 
for the' payment of all the city's bonds, 
and for the payment of the interest on 
all the bonded indebtedness. Then the 
city council is required by law to place in 
the lax ordinance the several sums so 
certified in preference to any other items. 
They are to receive the net earnings of the 
Southern Railroad, and also to take charge 
of rents due the city. In two years the 
sum of $1,600,000 was accumulated, be- 
sides paying $200,000 of the maturing 
bonds. The commissioners at present 
are Joseph Longworth, president, Aaron 
F. Perry, \V. F. Thome, James H. 
Laws, and Julius Dexter. 

Southern Railroad, the Cincin- 
nati, now open from Cincinnati to Som- 
erset, Ky., a distance of 158 miles, will 
in December, 1S79, be opened to Chat- 
tanooga, Tenn., a distance of 336 miles, 
a great part of the way being through a 
very fertile and most picturesque country. 
The road is one of the best-constructed 
of all the American railroads, and in 
some particulars shows a remarkable 
piece of engineering. It crosses the Ohio 
River over the Southern Railroad Bridge; 
and between the terminal points it crosses 
47 wrought-iron bridges and viaducts, 13 
wooden bridges, and passes through 37 
tunnels, one of which is 4,700 feet long, 
and through deep cuts in rock, and over 
ground filled up in many places. It is 
thought to be one of the best pieces of 
railroad engineering and construction in 
this country. The principal contractors 
were R. G. Huston & Co. The Southern 
Railroad makes connections with all 
roads centring at Cincinnati and at or near 
Chattanooga, a.s well as several important 



connections between those cities. The 
uniform charge for local passenger travel 
is four cents a mile; but when the road is 
completed the through fare probably will 
be less than that rate. This whole rail- 
road passing through three States, and 
built at a cash cost of $ 18,000,000, is owned 
in lee simple by Cincinnati, — the only 
city in the world that has built a railroad 
of this magnitude. It is managed for 
the city by a board of fitve trustees, con- 
sisting of Miles Greenwood, president, 
R. M. Bishop, E. A. Ferguson, Henry 
Mack, and A. H. Bugher. The trustees 
are appointed by the superior court of 
this State. They give bonds of $100,- 
000 each, and the whole pay for the 
board amounts to $5,000 a year. The 
business of the road is done by a common- 
carrier company, organized under the 
laws of Ohio, and known as the Cincin- 
nati Railroad Company; the officers 
being, W. H. Clement president and gen- 
eral manager, and H. H. Tatem secretary 
and treasurer. The offices are in the 
new building, No. 130 Vine Street. The 
depot is situated at the cor. of McLean 
Avenue and Gest Street, and is reached 
by Eighth-street line of horse-cars. 

Spencer Township is situated east 
and north-east of Columbia, and east of 
Cincinnati Township, and is bounded on 
the south by the Ohio River, and on the 
east by the Little Miami. In this town- 
ship are Pendleton, Columbia, East Lin- 
wood, Russells, and Red Bank. 

Sportsman's Hall. — See East-End 
Garden. 

Spring-grove Cemetery, situated 
near Cumminsville, was consecrated in 
1845. Its area was 166 acres of undulat- 
ing surface and sandy soil, and cost $t6,- 
000; but it has since been increased to 
600 acres, and is now the largest cemetery 
in the United States, and has over 33,000 
interments. It is probably the most pic- 
turesque large cemetery in the world. 
The numerous springs and groves sug- 
gested the name " Spring Grove." A 
handsome entrance-gate leads from the 
broad Spring-grove Avenue into the 
grounds. The " park plan " suggested 
by A. Strauch, the present superintendent, 
was a plan to relieve the ground of the 
heavy encumbered air of a churchyard, 
and to present the appearance of a natural 

Bark. The plan was successful; and 
pring Grove is now beautifully laid out, 
with far-stretching lawns, trees, miniature 
lakes, and shrubbery, and ornamented 



A'ING'S POCKET-BOOK OE CINCINNATI. 



75 



with stately monuments, chapels, vaults, 
and statues. The Dexter Mausoleum is 
an elaborate Gothic chapel of gray sand- 
stone. From a balustrade surrounding 
the chapel, a charming view is obtained of 
the ornamental waters and surrounding 
landscapes. The Soldiers' Monument, 
erected in 1864, is a bronze statue on a 
granite pedestal, and represents a soldier 
standing on guard. A beautiful mortuary 
chapel in cruciform shape, 108 feet long 
and transepts 66 feet long, with walls of 
blue limestone and trimmings of sand- 
stone, was contracted for in July, 1879, 
at a cost of $40,000. The graves are 
generally arranged in circles, and are 
numbered and recorded. There are about 
7,000 lot-holders. The office for permits 
to visit the cemetery, and to buy lots, 
is No. 2 Pike's Opera-House. Horse- 
cars to cemetery, Baymiller-street, John- 
street, and Freeman-street lines; fare, 15 
cents. Steam-railroads, Cincinnati, Ham- 
ilton, & Dayton, and the P>altimore and 
Ohio Railroads; fare, 20 cents. The 
president of the association is Henry 
Probasco, the treasurer John Shillito, 
and the secretary S. B. Spear. 

Springer Music Hall. — See Music- 
hall and Exposition Building. 

Spring Lake, a suburban resort on 
the Avenue, bet. Spring-grove Cemetery 
and Chester Driving-park, adjoining 
both. The grounds are large and ele- 
gant, divided into lawns, groves, and 
flower-gardens. The lake is supplied 
from natural springs, and furnishes the 
water-supply for the beautiful lakes in 
Spring-grove Cemetery. Spring Lake 
was formerly the residence of the late 
Piatt Evans. ' It can be reached by the 
Spring-grove Avenue horse-cars. Ac- 
commodation-trains on the C. H. & D., 
Dayton Short line, and M. & C. R.R.'s, 
stop near at the main gate. 

St. Aloysius' Orphan Asylum 
(German, Roman Catholic) , situated on 
the Reading Road in Avondale, about 43 
miles from Fountain Square. It is a 
large three-story brick building, with ac- 
commodations for 300 orphans. Inside 
the building is a chapel, where the chil- 
dren attend daily services. Father Hy- 
ronimus, assisted by the Sisters of Notre 
Dame, conduct the asylum ; but the 
finances are managed by a board of trus- 
tees, of which Clemens Hellebush is presi- 
dent, John H. Lohr treasurer, and H. T. 
Evers secretary. Any member's child 
when an orphan is taken care of until of 



age; i.e., a boy until 21 years, and a girl 
until 18 years of age. At a proper time 
employment is found for the orphans, and 
they are watched over by committees ap- 
pointed for that purpose. There are now 
260 boys and girls at the asylum. The 
support of the institution comes from 
2,200 active members, paying $3.25 a 
year; "a Washington birthday celebra- 
tion," a " Fourth of July picnic," and an 
" anniversary." At the three entertain- 
ments, about $7,000 are raised. The 
asylum is about two squares from the 
depot of the M. & C. R.R. (fare, 15 
cents). 

St. Francis de Sales Church and 
School, cor. of Woodburn Avenue and 
Madisonville Pike. The corner-stone 
was laid June 30, 1878, by Archbishop 
Purcell, in the presence of nearly 10,000 
persons. The exterior of the church is 
now finished, with the exception of the 
spires. The structure is of cut limestone, 
is 184 feet by 169 feet, and will have a 
seating capacity of 1,000. The cost, in- 
cluding grounds and schoolhouse, will be 
$118,000; and it is claimed that it will be 
the handsomest church-edifice in Hamil- 
ton County. The parochial school ad- 
joining has been occupied since Jan. 1, 
1878, and is under the charge of the Sis- 
ters of Charity. 

St. John's Protestant Episcopal 
Church was founded in 1848. During 
four years, services were held in Melodeon 
Hall. In 1852 its own building was al- 
most completed, and services were held 
there. In the following year the building 
was consecrated, and it has been occupied 
by the congregation ever since. The 
building, situated on the south-east cor. 
of Seventh and Plum Streets, is of stone 
and brick in the Romanesque style, and 
has two unfinished towers or spires, giv- 
ing it an odd appearance, at the same 
time an agreeable one. The cost of the 
building was $too,ooo. It is oftentimes 
Called " The Bishop's Church," because 
the bishop frequently officiated here for a 
few years, and because the episcopal 
rooms are now in the basement of the 
church. W. R. Nicholson, bishop of 
the Reformed Episcopal Church in Phila- 
delphia, was rector of St. John's for 10 
ye irs. The present pastor is George H. 
Kinsolvine. The Episcopal Ladies' 
Flower Mission, for distributing fruit 
and flowers to the sick in the hospital, 
meets every .Saturday morning during 
the summer at this church. The presi- 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



dent of the mission is Mrs. S. N. Max- 
well. The Seventh-street cars pass by 
the building. 

St. Mary's Hospital is under control 
of the Sisters of the Poor of St. Francis. 
It is situated on the north-west cor. of 
Baymiller and Betts Streets. It was 
established in 1869, though not com- 
pleted until 1873. There is room for 500 
beds, besides a number of rooms for pri- 
vate pay-patients. The medical staff 
consists of five physicians and surgeons. 
The attendance is furnished by the Sis- 
ters. 

St. Nicholas, the, of which E. N. 
Roth is proprietor, is the bon-ton restau- 
rant and cafe, and one of the most com- 
fortable hotels in the city. The restau- 
rant, although not as grand as the Cafe 
Anglais in Paris, the Cafe Royal in 
London, or Delmonico's in New York, 
holds the same position in Cincinnati 
that the restaurants named hold in their 
respective cities. The cafe on the lower 
floor, with entrance on Race Street, is a 
popular resort for gentlemen desiring a 
first-class meal in little time and at prices 
somewhat lower than those charged in 
the restaurant. The hotel is conducted 
on the European plan; the charges for 
rooms ranging from $1 to $2.50 per day. 
The building was in former limes two 
old-fashioned residences built with full 
thought about comfort, and the rooms 
and halls, besides being elegantly fur- 
nished, are spacious, airy, and luxurious. 
The location, on the south-east cor. of 
Fourth and Race Streets, is very conven- 
ient. In the gentlemen's sitting-room is 
an elaborate painting, 7 by 12 feet. Be- 
sides being a specimen of fine art, it is a 
queer subject, and is said to have an in- 
teresting history. The inscription reads, 
" Pauline Bonaparte, by Devouge. 181 1." 
It represents Madame Bonaparte, life- 
size, almost nude, and seated upon a 
sofa. The painting is said to have be- 
longed to Joseph Bonaparte, and sold, 
upon his return to France, to Nicholas 
Longworth, by whom it was sold at auc- 
tion, and finally bought by Mr. Roth of 
the St. Nicholas. 

St. Paul's Church (Methodist Epis- 
copal) is part of the old Western charge, 
established in 1835. The congregation 
at that time met in a brick chapel on the 
north-west corner of Fourth and Plum 
Streets, and enrolled about 700 members. 
Here so faithfully were the threatenings 
of the law as well as the promises of the 



gospel preached, that the place became 
known as the " Brimstone Corner." 
When a new church-building became 
necessary, ground was purchased on Cen- 
tral Avenue; and here, in 1844, was 
erected Morris Chapel. Outgrowing this, 
the trustees obtained a lot on the cor. of 
Seventh and Smith Streets, and in 1868 
began the erection of St. Paul's church 
and parsonage. The building is of blue 
limestone, and is one of the handsomest 
in the city. The membership numbers 
nearly 600 persons. 

St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal 
Church, organized Aug. 1, 182S, under 
the Rev. Samuel Johnston, the first Epis- 
copal minister settled in the city, and the 
first rector of Christ Church, which he 
left with a number of his parishioners to 
form this church. It was incorporated 
in 1831. The present edifice is a pretty 
stone structure on the south side of 
Fourth Street, near Walnut, and was 
erected in 1834. The front is in the 
Norman-Gothic style, and is partially 
covered with American ivy. There are 
about 300 communicants. Salmon P. 
Chase was for many years secretary of 
the society, and teacher and superin- 
tendent of the Sunday school. The 
rector is Samuel Benedict, D.D. 

St. Peter's and St. Joseph's Or- 
phan Asylum, in the northern part of 
Cumminsville, about three squares from 
the C. H. & D. R.R. depot. The build- 
ing is a large four-story brick structure, 
surrounded by nearly 20 acres of the 
society's property. The average num- 
ber of children in the asylum is 350; and 
the annual expenses are between $16,000 
and $18,000. Children, one or both of 
whose parents are dead, are admitted, 
usually without charge; but when the 
surviving parent or friends are willing to 
pay, a moderate charge is made. The 
institution is conducted by the Sisters of 
Charity, and is supported by public 
charity. A bazaar and a picnic, held 
once a year, are the chief sources of in- 
come; but the St. Peter's, the St. Joseph's, 
and the St. Xavier's orphan societies, as 
well as many individuals, make liberal 
contributions yearly. The asylum is also 
known as the Cumminsville orphan asy- 
lum, or as the Catholic orphan asylum. 
It can be reached by the C. H. & D.'R.R. 
(fare 15 cents), and by the Cumminsville 
and Spring-grove line of horse-cars (fare 
10 cents). 

St. Peter's Cathedral, situated on 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



77 



the cor. of Plum and Eighth Streets, in 
point, of beauty and architectural correct- 
ness is thought the finest church structure 
in the city. It is 200 feet in length by 91 
in width. The roof is supported by 18 
freestone pillars, i\ feet in diameter and 
133 in height. The main walls are built 
of Dayton marble, while the basement is 
of blue sandstone. The steeple is 221 
feet high, and in the gracefulness of its 
proportions is unsurpassed by any spire 
in this country. An altar of Carrara 
marble, with two angels on each side, — 
the work of Hiram Powers, — occupies 
the west end of the cathedral. Opposite is 
an organ having 44 stops and 2,700 pipes. 
Some fine paintings, interesting alike for 
their historic and artistic merits, may be 
seen in the cathedral. " St. Peter liber- 
ated by an angel," by Murillo, was taken 
during the Peninsular War from the Span- 
iards, and presented by Cardinal Fesch, 
uncle of Napoleon I., to Bishop Fenwick. 
The cathedral was begun in 1839, con- 
secrated in 1844. It has a seating capa- 
city of 1,600, and, including the grounds, 
cost $244,000. See Chirrtes. 

St. Xavier College was established in 
1831, under the name of the Athenaeum, 
by the Rt. Rev. E. D. Fenwick, D.D., 
the first bishop of Cincinnati. In 1840 
Archbishop Purccll placed it in charge of 
the Fathers of the Society of Jesus, who 
have managed it ever since. There are 
two distinct courses of instruction, — the 
classical and the commercial. The for- 
mer is designed especially to qualify 
young men for professions, and aims at 
imparting a thorough knowledge of the 
classics; and the latter is designed to 
qualify young men for a business career. 
In all departments for the year 1878-9 
there were 240 students, all of whom were 
day-scholars. Although under Roman 
Catholic management, the college is open 
to young men of all denominations, and 
only the Catholic students are required 
to attend mass. The building, owned 
and occupied by the college, is a large 
brick structure on Sycamore Street, at 
the corner of Seventh. In it is a fine 
library of more than 14,000 valuable vol- 
umes. 

Stadt Theatre. — See Turner Hall. 

State Banks. —See Banks. 

Steam Dummy Railroads. — The 
Columbia and Mt. Lookout steanulunimy 
railways start from the East-end Garden, 
in Pendleton, at the end of the Elm-street 



line of horse-cars. The Columbia line 
pursues its course east to Columbia. The 
I\lt. Lookout line branches off at Delta 
Station, one mile from Pendleton, and 
runs north to Mt. Lookout and East Wal- 
nut Hills. The Bellevue and Dayton, 
Ky., dummy connects with the New- 
port horse-cars at the eastern limit of 
Newport, and extends east through 
Bellevue to Dayton. 

Storrs Township, so called, but now 
a portjon of the city, the 21st ward, ex- 
tends from the west bank of Mill Creek 
along the river front west to Riverside. 
Its western border-line is also the corpo- 
ration-line of Cincinnati. Sedamsville, 
Fairmount, Lick Run, and Warsaw were 
in this township. 

Street-Railroads. —See Horse-Cars, 
Inclined Railways, Narrow-gauge Rail- 
roads, Steam Dummy Railroads. 

Streets, Avenues, and Alleys.— 

The length of the streets, avenues, and 
alleys of the city, improved and unim- 
proved, will be a matter of surprise even 
to most of the inhabitants. By an im- 
proved street is meant one paved with 
bowlders, limestone blocks, wooden 
blocks, macadamized, or gravelled. By 
unimproved is meant that the street is 
graded, but not yet finished with a hard 
surface. Jan. 1, 1879, the city civil en- 
gineer reports that there were within a 
small fraction of 99 miles of streets and 
alleys paved with bowlder stone, 77 1-5 
miles of macadamized (broken lime- 
stone) avenues, streets, and alleys; 65 
miles of limcstone-block-paved avenues, 
streets, and alleys; 7 miles of wooden- 
block streets; 12 miles of macadamized 
turnpikes: total miles improved avenues, 
streets, and alleys, 202); miles of unim- 
proved avenues, streets, and alleys, 196; 
total miles improved and unimproved 
streets, avenues, and alleys, 348. See 
Old Landmarks, etc. 

Sunday is a characteristic day in Cin- 
cinnati. No city in this country is more 
alive on Sunday than is Cincinnati. From 
tliis fact the name" Paris of America " has 
been firmly attached to it. It is true that 
the wholesale and the better class of retail 
business-men shut their business-places; 
but in many parts of the city there are 
retail-shops open during a part or the 
whole of Sunday; while "Over-the- 
Rhine" there is no cessation from business 
on any day of the week. Throughout the 
city, the hotels, eating-places, barber- 



78 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



shops, cigar-shops, fruit-stands, and bar- 
rooms are open the forenoon or all of the 
day. Amusements at any time of the year 
are never wanting. In summer, crowds go 
to the hilltop resorts, to the Zoological Gar- 
dens, to the concert and beer gardens, to 
base-ball games and other athletic sports, 
and on railroad and steamboat excur- 
sions. In the winter, crowds go to the 
hill-top resorts, which then provide 
shelter, warmth, and music ; to beer- 
saloons, where some sort of music is 
generally furnished; to club and private 
parties; and they also go skating, sleigh- 
riding, etc. During the greater part of 
the year, the cheap places of amuse- 
ments, styled by themselves " opera- 
houses " and " theatres," are open Sun- 
day afternoons and evenings; and dur- 
ing the winter, occasional attractions are 
offered at the better class of theatres by 
way of concerts, lectures, and theatrical 
performances. The demoralizing " free 
shows," consisting of a low variety en- 
tertainment, the expenses of which are 
paid out of the profits on sales of liquor 
and tobacco, are open the year round. 
The public libraries and reading-rooms 
do good work by attracting many per- 
sons to read books and papers. The 
Young Men's Christian Association, the 
Women's Christian Temperance Union, 
and the Young Men's Hebrew Associa- 
tion, keep open their places ; and the two 
first named hold services at various 
hours. The social club-houses are open 
on Sunday; and members, with friends 
from outside the city, resort to them. 
While knowing that there are such va- 
ried and so many amusements, it must 
not be forgotten that a large part of the 
community are constant and devout 
church-going people. There are over 
150 congregations holding regular ser- 
vice, one, two, or three times a day, — 
except during the hot season. Then 
there are many Sunday schools, and 
some Jewish people known as Reformed 
Israelites, holding their services on Sun- 
day. In the afternoon and evening a 
large part of the people, even the better 
class, will drive out on the road, or visit 
the public parks ; and the railroad and 
steamboat lines make Sunday their spe- 
cial day on which to bring in excursions 
from neighboring places. And so it is 
that the Sunday life in this city very 
clearly shows the metropolitan character 
of Cincinnati. 

Surgeons. — See Physicians. 

Suspension Bridge. — See Bridges. 



Sycamore Hill, that part of the city 
lying on Sycamore Street in its ascent to 
Mt. Auburn. The ascent begins near 
Liberty Street, and the summit is reached 
at Saunders Street, half a mile distant. 
Sycamore Hill is very steep in some 
places. In early days it was the entrance 
to the city by way of the Lebanon Pike. 

Taxes. — For the year 1878, the real 
and personal property on the grand 
duplicate for taxation in Cincinnati 
amounted to $172,874,068; in Hamilton 
County, outside the city, it amounted to 
$38,700,863; total, $211,574,931. The 
total levy by the city, for all purposes, 
on the property within its limits, is 23.41 
mills on the dollar. To this must be 
added the state levy, 2.90 mills, and the 
county levy, 2.23 mills; making a total 
of 28.54 mills, or $2 85.4 on each hundred 
dollars. The rates of taxation in the 
townships outside the city vary from 75 
to 20 mills, or from 75 cents to $2 on 
each hundred. The city-tax levy for 
1878 was divided as follows: — 

MILLS. 

General fund 1.33 

Police 1.35 

Superior court . . . . v . . . .10 

Fire-department 1.10 

Light 1. 00 

Workhouse 25 

Sanitary purposes 10 

Parks 07 

Sewerage 10 

Street-cleaning 40 

Redemption of city debt .... 1.00 

Hospital 82 

Infirmary 45 

House of Refuge 15 

Street-repairs 1.00 

Redemption Southern R.R. bonds 1.16 

Interest on city debt 9.35 

School, Library, and University . 3.48 

23-41 

Add state levy 2.90 

Add county levy 2.23 

Total 28.54 

Telegraph and Telephone Offices. 
— American District Telegraph Co., 165 
Vine Street ; Atlantic & Pacific Tele- 
graph Co., north-east cor. Fourth and 
Walnut Streets ; Bell Telephonic Ex- 
change, 43 West Fourth Street; Board 
of Trade Telegraph, 22 West Fourth 
Street; City and Suburban Telegraph 
Association, 43 West Fourth Street; 
Edison's Telephone Exchange, north- 



KING'S rOCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 79 



west cor. Fourth and Vine Streets: West- 
ern Union Telegraph Co., north-west 
cor. Fourth and Vine Streets. 

Temperance Organizations. — 
There are six lodges of Good Templars,, 
and five divisions of Sons of Temperance, 
in Cincinnati. They hold weekly meet- 
ings in their separate halls, which are 
scattered in every portion of the city, 
from Columbia to Cumminsville. The 
Women's Christian Temperance Union, 
the Cincinnati Temperance Reform Club, 
the Women's Temperance Union of Wal- 
nut Hills, and the Templars of Honor, 
also hold weekly meetings. The central 
meeting-place is the hall of the Women's 
Christian Temperance Union, No. 200 
Vine Street. Meetings are held here 
every Sunday alternoon. 

Theological and Religious Libra- 
ry Association was organized in 1863. 
Its extensive and valuable collection of 
books and pamphlets is in alcoves spe- 
cially assigned to them in the Public 
Library. The president is George F. 
Davis, and the secretary is John D. Cald- 
well. 

Third National Bank of Cincin- 
nati is number 20 of the national-bank 
system. It began in July, 1863, with a 
cash capital of $300,000, which was in- 
creased in 1864 to $500,000. In May, 
1871, it purchased the building and busi- 
ness of the Bank of the Ohio Valley, 
which was organized in 1858, immediately 
after the failure of the Ohio Life and Trust 
Company. In 1871 the capital was in- 
creased to $800,000, at which amount it 
stands to-day. The surplus is about 
$320,000, and the deposits about $3,500,- 
000. The dividends have averaged 12 % 
a year, and the stock is very largely held 
by those directly connected with the 
management of the bank. The Third 
National does a legitimate banking busi- 
ness, and deals in foreign and domestic 
exchange, European letters of credit, gold 
and currency drafts on California, and 
United-States and Cincinnati bonds. It 
is also the United-States and City of Cin- 
cinnati depository. The office is 65 West 
Third Street ; and the directors, Oliver 
Perin president, George Wilshire, Henry 
Lewis, William Woods, Samuel Davis, 
jun., J. H. Rhodes, and G. P. Griffith 
vice-president. The cashier is Ammi 
Baldwin, and the assistant cashier S. 
W. Ramp. 

Thorns' Hall, a public hall on the 
west side of Central Avenue, bet. Fourth 



and Fifth Streets, in the second story. 
The building was once owned by Morris 
chapel, M. E. Church congregation; but 
the society, becoming too large to be ac- 
commodated in the hall, sold the building 
to J. C. Thorns, who converted it into a 
convenient hall for small entertainments. 

Trades' Assembly, a central organi- 
zation, composed of three delegates from 
each of 14 trade-unions which have asked 
for membership. The assembly holds 
semi-monthly meetings at Bricklayers' 
Hall, cor. of Central Avenue and Court 
Street. Only a small proportion of the 
various trade-unions of the city belong 
to the assembly. It is devoted to the 
interests of workingmen, and takes an 
active part in political affairs. 

Trinity Church, on Ninth Street, bet. 
Race and Elm, was, like St. Paul's, a 
part of the Western Charge. A church 
for this portion of the work was built in 
1837, on the site of the present building. 
The lot was purchased of Luther Rose; 
and up to 1841 the Western Charge re- 
mained undivided. After that year, sep- 
arate pastors were appointed for the two 
churches. Trinity Church, so named, 
was erected in 1859-60, and was the first 
regularly constituted Methodist congre- 
gation which introduced the system of 
family or promiscuous sittings. Up to 
that time the men and women were in all 
cases required to sit apart in public wor- 
ship. Trinity also introduced the first 
church-organ into Cincinnati Methodism. 

Turner Hall, owned and occupied by 
the Turnverein, is a large building, Nos. 
513 to 519 Walnut Street. It was fin- 
ished in 1859, at a cost of $35,000. The 
hall proper, which is in the third story, 
is fitted for, and is used as, a German 
theatre, known as the Stadt Theatre, 
and is in great demand for political con- 
ventions, balls, etc. The building con- 
tains also, on the rear of the ground- 
floor, a gymnasium fitted with all the 
appliances for athletic exercises usually 
found in gymnasiums. In the second 
story rear is a large hall, in which the 
meetings of the Turnverein and of nu- 
merous other societies, singing-clubs, and 
building associations, are held. There 
are also several large committee, cloak, 
and other rooms on the second floor. 
On the ground-floor front are a large sa- 
loon and reading-rooms. In the rear of 
the building is .1 large garden, with pavil- 
ion for music, and tables for refresh- 
ments, to which there is an entrance 



So KING'S POCKET-BOO A' OF CINCINNATI. 



from Allison Street. The building is 
maintained by rents received for its vari- 
ous halls, and the proceeds of the saloon. 

Turnverein, the Cincinnati, a Ger- 
man society for the promotion of ath- 
letic exercises. It was organized in 
1848, and now numbers about 500 mem- 
bers, many of whom are honoraiy and 
contributing. The active members are 
divided into classes; one consisting of 
all above the age of 18 years; another 
of youths between the ages of 14 and 
18; and the third of children under 14 
years. Each class has its time for prac- 
tice in the gymnasium, where competent 
teachers are employed every night. The 
association has its own band, selected 
from the members who are musicians, 
and a cadet-corps of youth between 14 
and 18 years of age. These latter are 
drilled in the manual of arms and mili- 
tary movements. The uniform of the 
cadets is a dark-gray coat, pants, and 
cap; that of the adult Turners is simply 
an unbleached linen short sack-coat, 
worn with any other colored garments. 
The Turnverein own the Turner Hall. 

Tyler-Davidson Fountain, the, is 
one of the objects in Cincinnati in which 
the citizens take the utmost pride. It is 
the grandest fountain in the United 
States, and by far the noblest work of 
art in the city. It was unveiled in 
1871, and was donated to the city by 
Henry Probasco, as a memorial of his 
brother-in-law, Tyler Davidson, who for 
many years had the project under consid- 
eration. It stands in the centre of the 
esplanade, on Fountain Square. The 
massive base and the circular basin are 
made of porphyry, quarried and polished 
in Europe. The fountain itself is cast 
in bronze, of condemned cannon procured 
from the Danish government. The cast- 
tings weigh 24 tons. The diameter of 
the basin is 43 feet, and the weight of 
porphyry 85 tons. The height of the 
fountain above the esplanade is 38 feet. 
The bronze pedestal on the base of 
porphyry is square; the four sides bear- 
ing representations in relief of the four 
principal uses of water, — water-power, 
navigation, the fisheries, and steam. 
The pedestal is surmounted by four semi- 
circular bronze basins, each pierced in 
the centre by a single jet an inch in 
diameter. From the centre of the four 
semi-circular basins rises a second bronze 
pedestal, surmounted by a square col- 
umn, on which stands the Genius of 



Water, a draped female figure, with out- 
stretched arms, from the palms and fin- 
gers of whose hands the water falls in 
spray into the four semi-circular basins. 
On either side of the square column is a 
group of figures of heroic size. The 
eastern group represents a mother lead- 
ing a nude child to the bath; the western 
group, a daughter giving her aged father 
a draught of water; the northern group, 
a man standing on the burning roof of 
his homestead, with uplifted hand, and 
praying for rain; the southern group, a 
husbandman with an idle plough, and at 
his side a dog panting from heat, suppli- 
cates Heaven for rain. There are life- 
size figures in niches at each corner of 
the bronze pedestal beneath the semi- 
circular basins. One represents a nude 
boy with a lobster, which he has just 
taken from a net, and is holding aloft in 
triumph with one hand; another, a laugh- 
ing girl, playing with a necklace cf pearls; 
the third, a semi-nude girl, listening to the 
sound of the waves in a sea-shell which 
she holds to her ear; the fourth, a boy 
well muffled, strapping on his skates. 
There are four drinking-fountains, equi- 
distant on the rim of the porphyry basin. 
Each is a bronze pedestal, surmounted 
by a life-size bronze figure. One rep- 
resents a youth astride a dolphin; the 
second, a youth kneeling, holding one 
duck under his left arm, and grasping by 
the neck another; the third is that of a 
youth, around whose right leg a snake 
has coiled, which the youth has grasped 
with his left hand, and is about to strike 
with a stone that he holds in his right. 
The fourth figure is that ot a youth kneel- 
ing on the back of a huge turtle, and 
grasping it by the neck. Water issues 
from the mouths of the dolphin, duck, 
snake, and turtle. The fountain was de- 
signed by August von Kreling of Nurem- 
berg, and cast by Ferdinand von Miiller, 
director of the Royal Bronze Founderyof 
Bavaria. The cost of the fountain itself 
was $105,000 in gold. Together with 
the esplanade, the total cost was over 
$200,000. All horse-cars pass by or 
quite close to the fountain. 

Union Bethel, the Cincinnati, 30 
to 36 Public Landing, east of Sycamore 
Street. The Bethel owns the Bethel 
Church building, which was erected in 
1869, at a cost of $35,000. In front 
stands the main building, erected in 1872, 
at a cost of $45,000. The whole proper- 
ty cost $134,000. The Bethel is sup- 
ported by subscriptions and contributions. 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Si 



David Sinton gave it $113,000, and two 
fairs netted $72,000. Membership, $10 a 
year, $50 for life. Only members vote 
for directors. The Bethel comprises a 
church, undenominational, services Sun- 
days. 11 a.m., 7.30 p.m., and Thursday 
evenings 7.30; a sabbath school, probably 
the largest in the world, for its average 
attendance is over 2,200, meets Sunday 
afternoons, 2.30 ; the " Young Men's 
Home," open every day from 6 a.m. to 
12 p.m.; "Newsboys' Home;" and the 
Merchants' Dining-Rooms furnish meals 
and lodging at the lowest possible prices; 
and the profits, if any, go to the relief- 
department, which provides meals and 
beds to the worthy needy poor. Thomas 
Lee has been identified with the institu- 
tion for 14 years, and has been its super- 
intendent and pastor for the past 11 years. 

Union Central Life-insurance Co. 
of Cincinnati, the only local life-insur- 
ance company. It was incorporated in 
18^7, with a capital stock of $100,000; 
and Jan. 1, 1879, the gross assets were 
$1,504,355.47: and according to the New- 
York standard, its surplus was $359,786.- 
11, and its amount of assets to eac'.i $100 
of liabilities was $131.43. Its income for 
1878 was $546,872.18. The laws of Ohio 
restrict its investments to mortgages 
upon unencumbered real estate, worth, ex- 
clusive of buildings, double the amount 
loaned thereon, Government bonds, and 
loans upon its own policies. Its stock- 
holders are liable for double the amount 
of their stock. Its policies, after three 
annual payments, are also by law made 
incontestable, except as to age or fraud. 
The superintendent of insurance is re- 
quired to examine the company annually. 
The company owns the office-building on 
the south-east cor. of Fourth Street and 
Central Avenue. The president is John 
Cochnower, and the secretary N. W. 
Harris, both of whom have held the 
same offices from the time the Union 
Central began business. 

Union Insurance Co. of Cincinnati 

was organized in 1855 in Kentucky, as 
the Mercantile Insurance Co. of Coving- 
ton; but in 1859 it re-organized in Ohio 
under the present name. The company's 
capital was $100,000, with 20 % paid in. 
Since 1859, the remaining 80 % lias been 
earned, and cash dividends averaging 
73 '"(. a year have been paid, besides 
$20,000 surplus accumulated. Nearly 
$1,000,000 have been its receipts for pre- 
miums, and nearly $600,000 its payments 
for losses. The first secretary of the 



company, A. C. Edwards, served until 
1873, when he was elected vice-president. 
In 1875 he was elected president, which 
office he now holds. Mr. Edwards's suc- 
cessor as secretary is Joseph T. Blair, 
who has held the position since 1873. 
The company does only a fire business, 
having discontinued its marine business. 
Office, 66 West Third Street. 

United Brethren Churches. — First 
German, Clinton and Baymiller, G. 
Schmidt, pastor ; Second German, 729 
Eastern Avenue, August Krause, pastor. 

United Railroads Stock-yard Co. 
was incorporated in 1871, with a capital 
of $500,000. Fifty acres of land were 
bought on the west side of Spring-grove 
Avenue in the 24th ward. About two- 
thirds of the property lies between the 
avenue and Mill Creek, and one-third on 
the west side of Mill Creek, the whole 
being connected by the company's own 
bridge. These yards are surpassed in 
size, arrangement, and management by 
but few stock-yards in the world. They 
have cost about $750,000, and have ac- 
commodations for 5,000 cattle, 10,000 
sheep, and 25,000 hogs. The receipts 
each year amount to nearly 1,000,000 
hogs, 300,000 sheep, 160,000 cattle, and 
10,000 calves. Almost all railroads make 
connections with these yards. A brick 
building contains the stock -yards' office, 
the Avenue Hotel, and offices rented to 
live-stock dealers. The officers of the 
company are J. L. Keck president, and 
John H. Porter secretary and treasurer. 
The Cumminsville and Spring-grove 
horse-cars pass the yards. 

United-States Internal Revenue 
Collector's Office occupies Rooms 6, 
7, 8, and 9, on the second floor of the 
Johnston Building, south-west cor. of 
Fifth and Walnut Streets. The first dis- 
trict of Ohio comprises Hamilton County ; 
and in this district, April 30, 1878, there 
were 3,248 persons who held licenses as 
retail liquor-dealers, and 4,214 as retail 
tobacco-dealers. Out of the whole num- 
ber, more than one-half were Germans. 
The following are the statistics for this 
district for the year ending July 1, 1879: 

SOURCES. REVENUE. 

10 distilleries $8,724,345 

437 tob'o, cigar, & snuff fact's 1,404,260 

22 breweries 518.771 

Licenses 139,916 

From liquors and tobacco . $10,787,292 

From all other sources . . 45,090 

Revenue of this district . . $10,832,382 



82 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



Moreover, the revenue of this county 
alone from liquors and tobacco is fully- 
one- thirteenth of the entire revenue of 
the United States. The cost of collecting 
the revenue here is one and one-seventh 
per cent. The United-States collector is 
Amor Smith, jun., who has about 90 
deputies and other employees under him. 

United-States Mail Line Co., the, 
established upwards of 50 years, runs a 
line of steamboats between Cincinnati 
and Louisville, and carries the mail be- 
tween those cities and to intermediate 
points on and in the vicinity of the Ohio 
River. It owns five boats, — three first- 
class side-wheel steamers, the " United 
States," " Gen. Lytle," and " Ben Frank- 
lin," and two stern-wheelers, the " Louis 
A. Shirley" and "Gen. Pike." Four 
boats are in service all the time, daily 
trips being made to Louisville and to 
Madison, Ind. One first-class boat is 
held in reserve. Fare to Louisville, 
$3.50; round trip, $6. The freight car- 
ried is at all-rail rates, the company car- 
rying the insurance. Connections are 
made with all railroads in both cities, 
and coupon-tickets sold on the steamers. 
During the 50 years the company has 
been in active business, but three acci- 
dents accompanied by loss of life have oc- 
curred on its steamers. It is the oldest 
navigation company on the Western 
waters. Wharf-boat at foot of Vine 
Street. Thomas Sherlock president. 

United-States Marine Hospital 
Service, established by act of Congress 
July 16, 1798, and re-organized by acts 
approved June 29, 1870, and March 3, 
1875, is the medical department of the 
mercantile marine, and is charged, under 
the direction of the secretary of the 
treasury, with the duty of looking after 
the health-interests of the officers and 
seamen employed on all American vessels 
engaged in the foreign, coast-wise, and 
inland trade. The object of the estab- 
lishment of this service was to encourage 
fit persons to become seamen by affording 
care and treatment to such as may while 
following their vocation become sick or 
disabled. The present surgeon-general 
of the marine-hospital service is Dr. 
John B. Hamilton. In addition to the 
care of the sick and disabled of the mer- 
cantile marine, the medical officers of the 
marine-hospital service are, under the 
laws of the United States, further charged 
with the medical care of seamen of the 
revenue-cutter service, and with the physi- 



cal examination of officers of the revenue- 
cutters of the United States, and of the 
keepers and crews of fife-saving stations; 
and finally they are required to aid in the 
enforcement of quarantine, under the 
direction of the secretary of the treasury. 
Original appointments into the medical 
corps are made to the grade of assistant 
surgeon only, and after thorough exami- 
nation into professional qualifications by 
an examining board of surgeons of the 
service ; and the medical officers are 
assigned to duty wherever their services 
may be required from time to time. The 
relief-stations of the service are nearly 
100, and the number of seamen cared for 
are from 15,000 to 18,000 each year. 
During the year 1878, the patients of the 
service numbered 18,223. Medical officer 
in charge of the service at the port of 
Cincinnati, Surgeon Walter Wyman. 

United-States Custom-House and 
Post-Office. — See Custom-House, and 
see Post-Office. 

United-States Signal Service was 
organized by Act of Congress approved 
Feb. 9, 1870, directing the secretary of 
war to provide for taking meteorological 
observations at military stations in the 
interior, and at other points in the States 
and Territories, and for giving notice on 
the northern lakes and on the seacoast, 
by telegraph, of the approach and force 
of storms. Gen. Albert J. Myers, chief 
signal-officer of the U. S. Army, was di- 
rected to carry into effect the duties above 
mentioned that had been imposed upon 
the secretary of war. The Cincinnati of- 
fice is in Rooms N and 63 Pike's Opera- 
house building. 

University of Cincinnati, the, is 
organized under the act passed by the 
General Assembly of Ohio, April 16, 

1870, " to enable cities of the first class to 
aid and promote education;" and which 
authorizes any person or body corporate, 
holding any estate or funds in trust for 
the promotion of education or any of the 
arts and sciences, to transfer the same to 
the city as a trustee for such purpose; 
thus affording a means of consolidating 
various existing funds, which separately 
are of little or no avail for their intended 
purposes. In accordance with this act, a 
university board was appointed January, 

1 87 1. This board immediately received 
an estate which had been left in trust for 
the city by Charles McMicken in 1858. 
Since then the endowment of the univer- 
sity has been increased by important 



KING'S rOCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



donations from the Cincinnati Astronomi- 
cal Society, Joseph Longworth, John Kil- 
gour, and Julius Dexter, and by a bequest 
from the Rev. Samuel J. Browne. Wiih 
these funds and others, with the assistance 
of the city, the university accumulated 
nearly $1,000,000 worth of property. It 
consists of three departments: the aca- 
demic, or department of literature and 
science; the school of design, or art de- 
partment; and the observatory, or astro- 
nomical department. There were in the 
academic department, during the year 
1878-79, three post-graduate students, 34 
students in undergraduate courses, and 
91 students in special courses. The 
university is free to residents of both 
sexes, and a moderate charge is made to 
non-residents. Samuel F. Hunt is chair- 
man of the board of directors, and Thomas 
Vickers is rector of the university. See 
Observatory, and see School of Design. 

Van Antwerp, Bragg, & Co. con- 
duct the largest publishing-house in the 
world, devoted exclusively to school- 
books. Their establishment, fronting at 
"137 Walnut Street, includes four large 
buildings of seven floors each. In these 
is done every part of the work of editing, 
making, and publishing school-books, 
which have received the highest awards 
at the world's fairs held at Vienna, Phila- 
delphia, and Paris. About 4,000,000 
books are made each year, and are sold 
in every State and Territory in the Union. 
They are more extensively used than any 
other school-books published. Some of 
the principal text-books of this house are 
McGuffey's and Harvey's Readers and 
Spellers, Ray's and White's Mathemati- 
cal Series, Eclectic Geographies, and 
Copy-books, Venable's and Thalheimer's 
Histories, — forming a part of the well- 
known Eclectic Educational Series. The 
new edition of McGuffey's readers, just 
prepared for the press at a cost of $30,- 
000, is probably the best series of readers 
in every particular that has ever been 
published. The firm dates its foundation 
from 1830, and is now composed of Lewis 
Van Antwerp, C. S. Bragg, H. H. Vail, 
Robert F. Leaman, A. Howard Hinkle, 
and Harry T. Ambrose. 

Vine-street Hill, a name given to 
that portion of the city lying on Vine 
Street in its ascent to the summit of the 
northern hill. It extends from the junc- 
tion of Vine Street and Hamilton Road 
to McMillen Street, Corryville, a distance 
of three-quarters of a mile. Vine Street 
ascends the hill at a grade of 400 feet to 



the mile, and was cut through at a great 
expense. This portion of Vine Street in 
early days was known as the Carthage 
Pike. 

Vine-street Opera-House, south- 
east cor. of Vine and Canal Streets, a 
variety-show theatre to which only men 
are admitted. The Vine-street cars pass 
the door. 

Washington Insurance Co. of 
Cincinnati, chartered in 1836, with a 
capital on which only $10 a share was 
paid in, has prospered so much that the 
unpaid $90,000 of its present capital of 
$100,000 was earned, besides paying to 
stockholders nearly $400,000, making an 
average dividend of 125% a year. Its 
assets are $118,788; the total premiums 
received amount to $1,377,638; and the 
total losses paid, to $635,128. The com- 
pany has had only three presidents in 43 
years. The first served four years; and 
the next, Wm. Goodman, who had been 
secretary four years, was president 36 
years. His successor, John P. Whiteman, 
has been president since 1876, and had 
previously been secretary 15 years and 
vice-president five years. Henry Emer- 
son, elected in 1871, is the fourth secre- 
tary. The business is now confined to 
fire-insurance. Office, 55 West Third 
Street. 

Washington Park, the square bet. 
Race and Elm Streets, extending from 
Twelfth northwardly nearly to Four- 
teenth Street. It is opposite the Music- 
hall building. The 4^ acres occupied 
by the park, as well as that on which 
Music Hall stands, was formerly a ceme- 
tery, but its use as such was discontinued 
about the year 1840. For 20 years it 
was neglected, and overgrown with briers 
and weeds. In 1861 the bodies of the 
dead were removed, and the work of 
turning it into a park begun. It was 
graded down, sodded, and a substantial 
iron fence eight feet in height built around 
it. Later a spray fountain was built in 
its centre, and a drinking-fountain con- 
sisting of a huge bowlder perforated for 
water-pipes placed near by. Serpentine 
walks of screened gravel were made, and 
the park thrown open to the public. It 
is filled with noble elms and sycamores 
of a century's growth or more, being 
the natural forest-trees. It has orna- 
mental iron gates on the four sides. 
The monument to Col. Robert L. McCook 
stands on the western edge of the lake 
containing the fountain. The park is 



84 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



the favorite of German children, being 
in the midst of the German district ; and 
thousands daily seek its generous shade 
during sultry weather. It is well sup- 
plied with rustic benches and other seals. 
Horse-cars, — Elm-street line. See 
Monuments. 

Wate r-Works. — Cincinnati has 
reason to be proud of her water-works. 
The pumping-house is located on the 
river-bank, on East Front Street, imme- 
diately east of the Little Miami Railroad 
Depot. It contains seven large pumping- 
engines, the largest being known as the 
"Shields" engine, which has a cylinder 
eight feet in diameter and twelve feet 
stroke, with a pumping capacity of 20,- 
000,000 gallons per day, each revolution 
lifting into the reservoirs 1,880 gallons. 
This is said to be the largest steam- 
engine in the world. The other six en- 
gines have each about half the capacity 
of the Shields. Water is lifted from the 
Front-street pumping-house into the old 
reservoir at the foot of Mt. Adams and 
the two mammoth reservoirs in Eden 
Park. This pumping-house is a curi- 
osity well worth being seen. A second 
pumping-house, located at the intersec- 
tion of Hunt and Effluent-pipe S rjets, 
receives a supply of water from the 
Eden-park reservoirs, and lifts it to the 
immense boiler-iron reservoirs on Mt. 
Auburn, from which the portion of the 
city on the northern hills is supplied 
(see Reservoirs). The consumption of 
water during the year 1878, for all pur- 
poses in the city, was 6,274,473,323 gal- 
lons. Of the vast amount, revenue was 
received for only about one-half. The 
public institutions, fountains, fire-depart- 
ment, and leakage consumed the other 
half. The water-works are owned and 
operated by the city, through the board 
of city commissioners. The length of 
street-mains already laid, ranging in 
diameter from three inches to forty 
inches, is 180 miles. The average price 
of water to consumers is 12 cents per 
1,000 gallons. 

Water-works Park. — For many 
years this was the only park in the city. 
It lies on the southern slope of Mt. 
Adams, facing the Ohio River, between 
which and the park is the Front-street 
pumping-house. The old reservoir, a 
structure of solid masonry, occupies the 
most elevated portion. The grounds 
contain about three acres, and are taste- 
fully ornamented with flowers, trees, and 
shrubbery. It is now but little used, 



greater attractions being found in Eden 
Park, close at hand. 

Weather House. — See Casino. 

Wesleyan College, the Cincin- 
nati, a college for young women, and 
controlled by the M. E. Church, was 
founded in 1842, and until 1865 occupied 
the building on Vine Street, bet. Sixth 
and Seventh, now known as Aug's Club- 
House. That property is owned by 
" The Cincinnati Enquirer," and the 
former chief recitation-room of the col- 
lege used as " The Enquirer's" mechani- 
cal department. On the abandonment 
and subdivision of the old Catherine- 
street burying-ground, the college asso- 
ciation erected an elegant college build- 
ing, which was completed in 1868, on 
a portion of the abandoned ground, on 
the west side of what is now known as 
Wesley Avenue, in the rear of Christie 
Chapel M. E. Church. The building is 
of Gothic architecture, four stories high 
besides the mansard roof, 90 feet wide, 
and 180 feet front on Wesiey Avenue. 
The building and site are valued at. 
$225,000, the building alone having cost 
$135,000. The couises of study com- 
prise the primary, academic, and colle- 
giate, music, drawing, and painting. 
Boarding-pupils are accommodated in 
the college building. The average daily 
attendance during the year is about 225. 
Many Cincinnati ladies prominent in 
chart ible and educational works are 
alumnse of this college. Among them 
may be mentioned the wife of President 
Hayes. 

Wesley Chapel is the mother-church 
of Methodism in Cincinnati. The first 
class was organized in 1804, and consisted 
of only eight persons: but so rapid was 
the growth of the church, that in less 
than two years the leaders of the society 
determined to secure a lot, and erect 
upon it a house of worship. They ac- 
cordingly purchased from James Kirby, 
lots 18 and 19 on the north-west cor. of 
Fifth Street and Broadway, at that time 
in the midst of open fields. Kirby's deed 
was dated Sept. 25, 1805, and the grant 
was made by himself and wife to Wm. 
Lynes, Robert Richardson, Christopher 
Smith, James Gibson, and James Kirby, 
as trustees. A small stone house was 
put up; and, when this became too small, 
a brick addition was built in the rear. In 
process of time, even this was outgrown; 
and in 1829 the present building was 
erected. The membership of the church 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



85 



was then 1,250. The little class of 1804 
has now grown into 20 churches, with 
over 5,000 members. 

West End, the. — This term was 
originally applied to that portion of the 
city west of Central Avenue and north of 
Sixth Street to Court, the partially settled 
territory north of the latter street being 
known as Texas, in which stood the 
Bull's-Head Tavern, now at the cor. of 
John and Findlay Streets. The march 
of improvement and population drove out 
most of the Texas slaughter-houses, 
soap-factories, and tanneries ; and the 
entire district has been rebuilt with sub- 
stantial and many elegant private resi- 
dences, churches, and other public build- 
ings. The term "West End" is now 
applied to all that portion of the city 
north of Fourth Street and west of John 
to the Mill-creek bottoms. It contains 
about one-half the population of Cincin- 
nati. 

"Western Insurance Co. of Cincin- 
nati holds a perpetual charter granted in 
1836; but did not begin business until 
1854, when 20% on the capital of $100,000 
was paid in. In four years the com- 
pany's earnings made the capital full 
paid, and since 1858 semi-annual divi- 
dends have always been paid. The total 
dividends paid amount to $310,000, and 
the average is 12^ % a year. 15 consecu- 
tive semi-annual dividends were 10 % 
each, and 11 consecutive semi-annual 
dividends were 8 % each. The net 
assets of the Western are $141,488. 
The first president of the company was 
T. F. Eckert, who held the position for 
24 consecutive years until his death in 
1878. His successor is F. X. Reno, who 
previously had been the secretary. 
Charles F. Runck is secretary. Office, 
71 West Third Street. 

"Western Methodist Book Con- 
cern was established in Cincinnati in 
1824, to publish and circulate religious 
books and periodicals, chiefly in support 
of the Methodist-Episcopal Church, to 
whom the property belongs, and by 
whose General Conference the agents 
and editors are elected. The buildings 
include a beautiful four-story freestone 
building fronting at 190 West Fourth 
Street, in which on the first floor is the 
magnificent Methodist book-store, and on 
the uppers are the editors' and agents' 
rooms ; and also a back-building, five 
stories high, containing one of the largest 
and most complete book and job printing 



and binding establishments in the West. 
The agents are Hitchcock & Walden, Mr. 
Hitchcock having held his position for 
20 years, and Mr. Walden for 12 years. 

Western Society for the Sup- 
pression of Vice has for its object the 
enforcement of all laws for the suppres- 
sion of the trade in and circulation of 
obscene printed matter and pictures and 
articles of indecent and immoral use. 

Western Tract Society aims "to 
supply an evangelical literature, and to 
apply it for the reformation and salvation 
of men." It was commenced in 1852, 
and publishes tracts and papers for the 
sabbath school and for the family. It is 
undenominational. The principal paper 
is " The Christian Press." Place of 
business, 176 Elm Street. 

Wharves. — Along the n miles of 
river-front, there are many wharves, 
popularly called landings. Most of 
these, in number and extent of lineal feet, 
are private property, and are used for 
log-rafts, coal-boats and barges, and lum- 
ber. The extensive coal-dealers, who 
have elevators, generally own their land- 
ings. So also with the Marine Railway 
and Dry-dock Company, and the large 
saw-mill owners of Pendleton, Fulton, 
Columbia, and Sedamsville The public 
landing — that owned by the city — ex- 
tends from a point a short distance east 
of the water-works, west to Mill Creek. 
The greater portion of this is leased to 
private parties, ferries, steamboat lines, 
and others. The Public Landing proper 
extends from Broadway to Race Street, 
and within this limit all general steam- 
boat-traffic is confined. The city main- 
tains a wharf-master and wharf-register 
to collect wharfage-fees and to look after 
its wharf-interests in general. 

Widows' and Old Men's Home, 
now being built on Walnut Hills, will be 
one of the largest and finest structures of 
its kind in this country. There are two 
wings, one of which will be occupied by 
the Widows' Home and Asylum for Aged 
and Indigent Women, and the other by 
the Old Men's Home; those two institu- 
tions having created a common fund for 
the purpose of erecting one large build- 
ing to supply the needs of both. The 
building will be of brick, 237 by 181 feet, 
three stories high, and will cost about 
$80,000. The corner-stone was laid July 
2, 1879, and the building will be finished 
in September. 1880. 



86 KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



"Widows' Home and Asylum for 
Aged and Indigent Women is situ- 
ated on Mt. Auburn, in the square 
bounded by Bellevue, Stetson, Highland, 
and Market Streets. The association 
was organized in 1848, incorporated in 
1 851, and the Home is managed by a 
board of lady trustees with gentlemen 
auxiliaries. It is supported by an en- 
dowment-fund and donations. The prop- 
erty is owned by the association, and 
valued at $75,000. Widows of good 
moral character, indigent, and over 60 
years of age, are admitted for life on pay- 
ment of $100. A number of the inmates, 
possessed of more than the required fee, 
have devoted their entire fortunes to the 
institution. Of the 46 inmates some 
have been there 25 years, and the oldest 
is now 97 years of age. Although the 
building is large, it is not large enough 
to accommodate all applicants; and ar- 
rangements have been made with the 
trustees of the Old Men's Home to erect, 
with a common fund, a new building of 
sufficient size for the purposes of both 
institutions (see Widows' and Old Men's 
Home) . The president is Mrs. John Shil- 
lito, and the secretary Mrs. P. Mallon. 

Wilstach, Baldwin, & Co., are 
publishers of law, medical, scientific, and 
miscellaneous books, as well as manufac- 
turing stationers. The business was es- 
tablished in 1842, and the firm name 
changed to its present style in 1870. The 
firm is composed of Charles F. Wilstach 
and F. H. Baldwin. In manufacturing 
blank-books and office-supplies for rail- 
roads, banks, and other corporations, 
mercantile houses, and municipalities, 
this is the leading house in the South- 
west. The manufacturing department 
occupies two large buildings, — one 25 by 
80 feet, four stories high, and the other 
30 by 80 feet, five stories high. The 
sales and warerooms occupy two large 
floors, each 42 by 120 feet. The estab- 
lishment gives employment to about 100 
hands. The bindery is one of the largest 
and best in the city, and is in charge of 
Mr. Wilstach, who for 18 years was 
president of the Ohio Mechanics' Insti- 
tute, for nearly four years Mayor of Cin- 
cinnati, and was the president of the first 
of the present series of the Cincinnati 
Industrial Expositions. 

"Women's Art-Museum Associa- 
tion. — See Art. 

Women's Christian Association 
is an institution not only worthy of all 



the support it receives, but also entitled 
to the most liberal encouragement that 
the people can afford. Its object is the 
temporal, moral, and religious welfare of 
women dependent on their own exertions 
for a livelihood. To further this object 
three departments have been established, 
— a business-women's boarding-house, a 
committee on employment, and a com- 
mittee on city-missionary work. The 
boarding-house is not a charity-home; 
but it is a comfortable home for women 
desirous of paying their way, and at the 
same time of living in a very respectable 
yet economical manner. $3.50 a week is 
the maximum price, except for single 
rooms, when the prices vary from $4 to 
$5. The house, at 100 Broadway, with 
accommodations for 40 ladies, is owned 
by the association. A number of young 
ladies attending the College of Music 
and the schools are among the boarders. 
The employment-bureau is at 267 West 
Fourth Street, and is open from 9 a.m. 
to 4 p.m. During the year 1878, there 
were 1,507 applications for situations 
filed, and 704 situations found. The 
mission committee have organized three 
" Mothers' Meetings," the work of a 
Bible-reader, who is really a city mission- 
ary, and visiting committees. A moth- 
ers' meeting is a place where the poor 
women of a neighborhood are gathered 
together, to learn to sew, whiie conversa- 
tion about general and religious matters 
is carried on. Mrs. John Davis is the 
president, Mrs. John T. Perry treasurer, 
and Mrs. E. D. Ryder secretary. 

"Women's Christian Temperance 
Union is a re-organization of the 
" Women Crusaders." It was organized 
in 1875, to promote temperance sentiment 
by preaching the gospel to those ad- 
dicted to drinking, and to those engaged 
in the liquor-traffic. It holds regular 
meetings at its hall, No. 200 Vine Street, 
on Sunday, Tuesday, and Thursday 
afternoons, at 4 o'clock. The Reform 
Club, an outgrowth and auxiliary of the 
Union, meets in the same hall Saturday 
evenings at 8 o'clock. Any person can 
attend the meetings. Since 1875 about 
5.700 persons have signed the temperance 
pledge of the Union and of the Reform 
Club. The dues of the Union are 60 
cents a year; but the main support comes 
from collections, donations, and from 
sustaining members. It is intended to 
shortly open a reading-room and library 
at 200 Vine Street. The president is Mrs. 
E. A. Whitridge, the treasurer Mrs. M. 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 87 



A. Vickers, and the secretary Mrs. M. L. 
Mackenzie. 

Women' Dispensary Association, 
a free dispensary for the treatment of 
diseases peculiar to females, in charge of 
lady physicians of the homoeopathic 
school, and open daily at 306 Linn Street. 

Woodburn, a beautiful village on the 
hills in the eastern part of the city, is 
three miles distant from the Post Office, 
and may be reached either by the Wal- 
nut-hills or by the Eden-park street-cars. 
It is the residence of some of the wealth- 
iest Cincinnatians, whose handsome 
houses and well-kept grounds make this 
one of the most beautiful of the suburbs. 
At the cor. of Woodburn Avenue and 
Madisonville Pike is the handsome Cath- 
olic Church of St. Francis de Sales. 

Woodland Garden. — See East-end 
Garden. 

Woodward College, the predeces- 
sor of Woodward High-School, under 
the presidency of William Woodward, its 
founder. In 1853 the old college building 
was torn down, to make room for the 
elegant high-school building which now 
occupies the site. The alumni of the 
college, of whom many are living in the 
city, designate themselves "Old Wood- 
ward Boys." 

Woodward High-School, founded 
by William Woodward, is located on 
Franklin Street, bet. Broadway and 
Sycamore. Promotions to enter the 
school are made from pupils who pass a 
satisfactory examination in the intermedi- 
ate schools. Pupils to be eligible for at- 
tendance must reside in the district lying 
north of Clark Street, and east of Central 
Avenue from Clark Street to the Ohio 
River. On the other side of this line, 
high-school pupils must attend the 
Hughes High-School. The high-schools 
are managed by the union board of high- 
schools, composed of six delegates from 
the board of education, five delegates 
from the board of trustees of the Wood- 
ward Fund, and two delegates from the 
trustees of the Hughes Fund. The aver- 
age number of pupils in attendance at 
Woodward is about 425. French, Ger- 
man, Latin, and Greek are taught, and 
all the elements of a first-class common- 
school education. Graduates are admit- 
ted to the University of Cincinnati with- 
out examination. 

Woodward Monument. — See 
Monuments. 



Workhouse, the Cincinnati, is an 

immense building situated on the Cole- 
rain Pike, in Camp Washington, adjoin- 
ing the House of Refuge. It consists of 
a central structure five stories high, with 
wings, the height of three stories, in which 
are the cell-rooms, each wing ending in 
a building of four stories. The front- 
age of the whole edifice is 510 feet. The 
south wing contains the cells for male 
prisoners, ranged in a single block of six 
tiers, reached by iron stairways. This 
block contains 360 cells. The north 
wing, similarly arranged, contains 240 
cells for female prisoners. The main 
building contains the office, the family- 
rooms of the resident superintendent and 
secretary, and the prisoners' kitchen. A 
chapel stands immediately in the rear of 
the central structure, into which a Catho- 
lic altar can be wheeled when occasion 
requires. Services are held every Sun- 
day morning at 10 o'clock; and, although 
none are required to be present, there is 
scarcely any one absent. The grounds 
back of the prison are surrounded by a 
wall of masonry 15 feet high. Within 
this enclosure are the workshops, foun- 
deries, blacksmith's-shop, tool-houses, 
guard and other houses of sufficient size 
to give employment to all prisoners the 
workhouse will accommodate. Commit- 
ments are made by the police-court and 
court of common pleas for all crimes and 
misdemeanors, the punishment for which 
is of a less grade than imprisonment in 
the penitentiary. The grounds contain 
26 acres. The daily average number of 
prisoners is about 460. The Workhouse 
is managed by a board of five directors, 
appointed by the mayor, and confirmed 
by the council. Horse-cars, — the Ave- 
nue line; fare, 10 cents from the city. 

Workmen, Ancient Order of 
United, a mutual benefit and insurance 
association, in which the members re- 
ceive weekly sick-benefits, and at death 
the widow or other heirs receive the sum 
of $2,000. The qualifications for mem- 
bership are a good moral character and 
sound health, the latter determined by 
an examining surgeon. The order is 
very strong in Cincinnati, there being 22 
lodges. In the State there is an aggre- 
gate membership of about 2,700, and in 
the entire order about 66,000. Annual 
dues, from $4 to $6; assessment for each 
death, $1.10. 

Yale Club, founded in 1863, is said to 
be the oldest regularly organized alumni 
association in this country. Its objeci is 



S8 



KING'S POCKET-BOOK OF CINCINNATI. 



to bring together the graduates of Yale 
College, at least once a year, so as to 
keep alive the memories of Alma Mater. 
The annual dinner takes place during the 
Christmas vacation, in order that instruct- 
ors, graduates, and undergraduates, who 
are in the city for the holidays, may be 
present. The young members have 
formed a Junior Yale Club, as a branch 
of the older club; and in the spring an 
informal supper is held at Boman's, at 
which about 20 members are present. At 
the regular dinner as many as 75 persons 
have been present. 

Young Men's Bible Society of 
Cincinnati, one of the oldest local in- 
stitutions of the kind, was founded in 
1834, as an auxiliary to the American 
Bible Society, when Salmon P. Chase 
was elected its president, which position 
he held for ten years. The object of the 
society is to circulate the Holy Scrip- 
tures, without note or comment. During 
the year 1S77-8 there were distributed 
2,576 Bibles and 6,187 Testaments ; 720 
Bibles and 1,657 Testaments were do- 
nated. The membership-list embraces 
the names of prominent clergymen and 
laymen of every denomination, as the 
society is non-sectarian in its character. 
The rooms are at 176 Elm Street. 

Young Men's Christian Associa- 
tion since 1874 has occupied the build- 
ing, originally opened as a hotel, known 
long ago as the Southgate House, situ- 
ated on the south-east cor. of Sixth and 
Elm Streets. The Association Hall has 
a seating capacity of 300, the library 400 
volumes, the reading-room a fair supply 
of papers and periodicals, besides which 
there are parlors, chess and parlor-croquet 
rooms, baths, etc. Prayer-meetings week- 
days at 12 o'clock, and Saturday, Sun- 
day, and Monday evenings at 8 o'clock. 
Bible-class Sunday afternoon at 4 o'clock; 
free lectures, concerts, and other enter- 
tainments once a week. Benevolent and 
religious work is done by committees. 
Employment and boarding-houses are 
found without charge. Open on week- 
days from eight a.m. to ten p.m.; Sun- 
days, two to ten p.m. The whole is open 
free to the pubiic. The membership com- 
prises 1,000 ladies and gentlemen. Ac- 
tive and associate members pay $2 a year 
each. Active members are male mem- 
bers of evangelical churches, and associ- 
ates comprise men not members of evan- 



gelical churches, and women. The mem- 
bers are privileged to enter the classes 
for instruction. The expenses are met 
chiefly by contributions. A contributor 
of $10 a year is called a sustaining-mem- 
ber ; and of $500 within five years a 
life-member. 

Young Men's Hebrew Associa- 
tion occupies rooms north-east cor. of 
Eighth Street and Central Avenue. It 
has a reading-room, gives literary, musi- 
cal, and social entertainments, and aims 
to secure employment for the members. 
Dues : life-membership, $50; initiation, 
$1.50; annual assessments, $4.00. 

Young Men's Mercantile Library 
Association, in College Building, has 
40,000 volumes, 5,000 pamphlets, fine 
statuary, paintings, etc. The reading- 
room is comfortable and cosey, and con- 
tains upwards of 200 papers and period- 
icals. Terms, $5 for yearly, $50 for 
life, and $100 for perpetual membership. 
Open every day from eight a.m. to ten 
p.m. Strangers admitted. Henry J. 
Page is president, and John M. Newton 
librarian. 

Zoological Society of Cincinnati 
owns the largest and finest zoological 
gardens in the United Stales. The build- 
ings are as costly and as substantial as 
those of the zoological gardens in Europe. 
The grounds include 66 acres beautifully 
improved. There are 830 specimens of 
animals and birds, from all parts of the 
world. Frequently there are balls, pic- 
nics, and special attractions, and on 
Thursday evenings there is a "fite." 
The restaurant inside the garden fur- 
nishes good food at moderate prices. 
The gardens were opened in 1875, and 
since that time about $300,000 have been 
expended. They are situated in the 
south-west cor. of Avondale, and front 
on the Carthage Pike. Admission, 25 
cents for adults; 10 cents for children; free 
for stockholders. Horse-cars, — Elm- 
street, Vine-street, or Main-street lines. 
Ask for coupon-ticket to "Zoo;" fare, 
10 cents. The success of these gardens 
is due chiefly to the liberality of A. Erk- 
enbrecher, and Julius J. Bantlin, to the 
ability of Frank J. Thompson the super- 
intendent, and to the enterprise of Neil 
C. Kerr, the excursion manager. The 
officers are, Florence Marmet president, 
J. M. Doherty vice-president, C. M. 
Erkenbrecher treasurer. 



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Orders filled for Cast Iron Gas and Water Pipe, Branch and 

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<-P0$KS I-KIjVIGVS : BOOR>> 



-^KING'S : P^ND-BGOK : OF : BO^TON^N- 

An elegant and profusely illustrated volume of 300 pages, describing and illus- 
trating every place of interest or of importance in the City of Boston. Second Edition, 
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A very accurate, convenient, and pretty little book, describing and illustrating, 
chiefly with heliotype photographs, every building used by the University. Third 
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A neat little pamphlet, containing in 82 pages an alphabetical description of every- 
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Address MOSES KING, 

Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass. 



-McL.vic.v^vjaegiEgivKiNe.** 

IjM^aiOTCEvTIGEjVTjS, 



WM. H. CHATFIELD. WM. WOODS. JNO. S. WOODS. 

WHOLESALE PAPER WAREHOUSE. 

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